Details of hepatitis

1. HEPATITIS
A. BAVUSHUL INAYA

2. INTRODUCTION
• Hepatitis is inflammation of the liver or
necrosis of liver cell. The liver is a vital organ
that processes nutrients, filters the blood ,and
fight infections .
• When the liver is inflamed ,its functions can
be affected .heavy alcohol use ,toxins , some
medications and certain medical conditions
can cause “HAPATITIS”

3. Hepatotrophic viruses cause viral hepatitis and
damage to cell. This groups include,
 Hepatitis disease first identified by
Dr.blumberg in 1976 .
1. Hepatitis A virus (HAV)
2. Hepatitis B virus (HBV)
3. Hepatitis C virus (HCV)
4. Hepatitis D virus (HDV)
5. Hepatitis E virus (HEV)

4. Hepatitis classified two types based on the
serology and molecular marks .
sporadically: mainly affect the children and
young adult .transmitted by faecal -oral route.
Jaundice or transfusion hepatitis: transmitted
by inoculation and blood transfusion .

5. EPIDEMIOLOGY :
About 140,000- 320,000 infections occur per
year.
70,000-1,60,000 are symptomatic infections .
Of all infections, 8,000-32000 are chronic and
5000-6000 deaths occur per year.
Intermediate endemicity is observed in India.
5% -10% adults, 30% children and 90% neonates
act as carriers .
There are 350 million carriers world wide , out of
those 45 millions are in India .

6. Risk factors:
Health care workers who come in contact with
contaminated blood and body fluids.
Male homosexuals.
People having sexual contact with those
having hepatitis disease
People under going treatment for leukemia.
Babies born to infected mother.
People who receive organ transplantation.

7. HEPATITIS A
Hepatitis A is a subacute disease of global distribution.
Occurring in mainly in children and adult .
Characteristic features :
• Its first demonstrated by feinstone and co workers.-
1973 .
• Its a 27-nmnon –enveloped, symmetrical (+)
• the HAV genome comprises 7500 nucleotides.
Clinical manifestation:
fever
vomiting
nausea

8. PATHOGENISIS :

10. HEPATITIS B

11. PATHOGENISIS:

13. HEPATITIS C

14. Symptoms: