Maharaja Ranjit Singh

1. Maharaja Ranjit Singh
1780-1839
By Cdr Balvir Singh

2. ô¶ð-¶-ê¿ÜÅì îÔÅðÅÜÅ ðäÜÆå ÇçØ
Sher-E-Punjab: Maharaja Ranjit Singh

3. The Golden Period
SIKH RAJ
Maharaja Ranjit Singh ji
Shukarchakia Misl
won Lahore on July 7th
1799 A.D. and was
declared Maharaja of
Punjab on 13th April
1801
îÔÅðÅÜÅ ðäÜÆå
ÇÃ§Ø ÜÆ ô¹ÕðÚÕÆÁÅ
é¶ G ܹñÅÂÆ AGII
ù ñÅÔ½ð Óå¶ Çܾå
êzÅêå ÕÆåÆÍ

4. • Maharaja Ranjit Singh was the founder of the Sikh
Empire, which came to power in the Indian
subcontinent in the early half of the 19th century.
The empire, based in the Punjab region, existed
from 1799 to 1849.
• Born: November 13, 1780, Gujranwala, Pakistan
• Died: June 27, 1839, Lahore, Pakistan
• Children: Kharak Singh Duleep Singh,
• Spouse: Jind Kaur (m. 1835), Datar Kaur (m. 1798)
• Parents: Maha Singh, Raj Kaur
• Grand Father: Charat Singh (Shukarcharia Misel)
• Grandchildren: Nau Nihal Singh, Victor Duleep
Singh, Bamba Sutherland

5. muslmwn kvI
Swh muhMmd ilKdw hY:
mhW blI rxjIq isMG hoieAw pYdw,
nwl zor dy mulk ihlwey igAw[
mulqwn kSmIr pSOr cMbw,
jMmU kWgVw kot ilvwey igAw[
hor dyS ldwK qy cIn qoVI,
is`kw Awpxy nwm clwey igAw[
Swh muhMmd jwn pcws brsw,
A`Cw r`j ky rwj kmwey igAw[

6. Sher-E-Punjab: Maharaja Ranjit Singh
with Hari Singh Nalwa
ô¶ð-¶-ê¿ÜÅì îÔÅðÅÜÅ ðäÜÆå ÇÃ§Ø ÔðÆ ÇÃ§Ø éñòÅ éÅñÍ

7. rwj pRbMD ivc mhwrwjy dw vqIrw
• in`q dy rwj pRbMD ivc mhwrwjy dw vqIrw hr Drm dy lokW nwl iensw& Aqy hmdrdI
vwlw sI[
• hr iek nUM Awpo Awpxy Dwrimk AkIdy Anuswr Drm dy mwmly ivc pUrn AzwdI sI[
iksy nUM vI iksy hor dy Drm ivc d^l dyx jW aunHW dy Drm dI inrwdrI krn dI
iezwjq nhIN sI[
• mhwrwjy ny Awpxy jrnYlW ƒ hukm dy r`iKAw sI ik jdoN vI koeI nvW ngr jW ipMf
ij`iqAw jwvy qW au~QoN dy iksy vI Drm AsQwn jW Dwrimk gRMQ dI byAdbI nw kIqI jwvy
Aqy nw hI ngr ivc l`ut mwr kIqI jwvy[
• lVweI dy mOky ’qy iksy nwgirk dI DI-BYx dI bypqI krn dI vI s^q mnwhI sI[
• mhwrwjw bVw idAwlU Aqy sihxSIl sI[ auh kdy vI Awpxy ivroDIAW nwl bdly jW
aunHW nUM qbwh kr dyx dI Bwvnw nwl pyS nhIN sI AwauNdw[ pUry rwj ivc koeI vI is`K,
gYr is`K jW muslmwn hwkm Aijhw nhIN sI ijs dy rwj nUM mhwrwjy ny Awpxy rwj ivc
imlwieAw hovy qy iPr aus dy prvwr dy guzwry leI aus dy nW cMgI jwgIr nw lgvweI
hovy [ cwhy mulqwn Aqy ksUr dy muslmwn nvwb sn jW imslW dy hwry hoey is`K srdwr

8. • mhwrwjy dy muslmwn mMqrIAW iv`coN &kIr AzIz-E-dIn, aus dy Coty Brw &kIr iemwm-E-dIn au~c
pdvIAW ’qy suSoiBq sn[
• is`KW iv`coN s. &iqh isMG AwhlUvwlIAw, s. joD isMG rwmgVHIAw, s.hrI isMG nlUAw, s.Swm isMG
AtwrI, s. dysw isMG mjITIAw, s.lihxw isMG Aqy suqMqr ibrqI vwlw AkwlI PUlw isMG pRis`D
ivAkqI sn[
• rwj pRbMD dw bhuqw kMm fogry BrwvW Aqy ihMdU mMqrIAW dy h`QW ivc sI[ mu`Fly sYnwpqIAW iv`coN
dIvwn mohkm cMd Aqy imsr cMd ny Kwlsw rwj dI bVI syvw kIqI sI[ dIvwn moqI rwm kSmIr dw
Aqy dIvwn swvx m`l mulqwn dw sUbydwr sI[iv`q ivBwg dw kMm dIvwn iBvwnI dws, gMgw rwm
Aqy dInw nwQ dy kol sI[ lwhOr dy qoSy Kwny dIAW cwbIAW imsr bylI rwm kol hoieAw krdIAW
sn[
• ivdySI AihlkwrW iv`coN jnrl vYNqUrw, A`lwrf, AvIqwbweIl Aqy hYnrI kort pRis`D sn[ jnrl
AvIqwbweIl kuJ smyN leI ipSwvr dw gvrnr irhw sI Aqy s. hrI isMG nlUAw kSmIr dw [
• hr pwsy Amn Aqy SWqI dw mwhOl hox kwrn pMjwb dy ikswn Aqy kSmIr aunHW dy ivaupwr dw v`fw
kyNdr sI[
• lwhOr ivc qopW, qygW, nyzy Aqy FwlW ieiqAwid bxwaux dy kwrKwny sn[ isAwlkot dy lwgy rMgpur
vDIAw kwgz leI mShUr sI[ mulqwn Aqy bhwvlpur ivc vDIAw iksm dy Kys, luMgIAW Aqy lwcy
bxdy sn[
rwj pRbMD ivc mhwrwjy dw vqIrw-2

9. • huiSAwrpur ivc l`kV Aqy hwQI dMd dw kMm huMdw sI[ bjvwVw kFweIdy kMm leI pRis`D
huMdw sI[
• pMjwb dw ivaupwr dUr-dUr dy dySW qk PYilAw hoieAw sI[ies qrHW pMjwb dy ikrqI,
ikswnW Aqy kwrIgrW nUM AwpxIAW vsqW dw cMgw mu`l iml jWdw sI[ zmIn dI aupj dy
ilhwj nwl pMjwb dUjy pRWqW qoN bhuq A`gy sI[
• ies AwriQk KuShwlI, AwpsI ipAwr Aqy BweIcwry ip`Cy mhwrwjy dI Drm inrpyK
idRStI Aqy suc`jw rwjsI pRbMD sI, ijs krky lokW nUM pRPuilq hox leI pUry Avsr
pRwpq hoey sn[
• mhwrwjw rxjIq isMG dI kr pRxwlI Aqy inAW pRxwlI bVI swdw sI ipMfW dy PYsly
pMcwieqW krdIAW sn[
• mhwrwjw rxjIq isMG ny Awpxy rwj coN mOq dI szw Kqm kr id`qI sI[ bhuqw zor
doSIAW nUM suDwrn au~qy id`qw jWdw sI, nw ik s^q szwvW dyx ’qy[
• mhwrwjy ny Awpxy mihl dy bwhr iek sMdUk rKvwieAw hoieAw sI, ijs ivc lok
ibnW iksy fr jW BY dy AwpxIAW iSkwieqW jW pRwrQnw p`qr pw skdy sn[ aus sMdUk
dI cwbI hmySW mhwrwjy kol hoieAw krdI sI[ sMdUk ivc AweIAW hoeIAW iSkwieqW dI
suxvweI mhwrwjw Awp kirAw krdw sI[
rwj pRbMD ivc mhwrwjy dw vqIrw-3

10. • mhwrwjw AwpxIAW izMmyvwrIAW nUM inBwaux ivc sdw qqpr rihMdw sI[ auh
kdy iksy kMm nUM mulqvI krn jW A`gy pwaux ivc XkIn nhIN sI r`Kdw[ zrUrI
msilAW nUM mhwrwjw qurMq inptw idAw krdw sI[
• mhwrwjw lokW dy KuSI, gmI Aqy idn-iqauhwrW ivc SrIk ho ky aunW dw hI
AMg bx jWdw sI[ is`K Drm nwl sMbiDq idn-iqauhwr Aqy gurpurbW qoN Cu`t
mhwrwjw holI, bsMq pMcmI, dIvwlI, Aqy muh`rm Awid
• iqauhwrW ivc vI SrIk huMdw sI[
• muh`rm dy mOky ’qy aus dy Sihzwdy inAwz lY ky jWdy sn[ sUPI kvI Swh husYn
dy mzwr ’qy bsMq pMcmI dw mylw bVI DUmDwm nwl mnwieAw jWdw sI[ij`Qy
mhwrwjy ny sRI hirmMdr swihb, sRI kysgVH swihb Aqy hzUr swihb (nMdyV)
Awid gurDwmW dI l`KW rupey Krc krky syvw kIqI sI, au~Qy aus ny ihMdU mMdrW,
msijdW Aqy sUPI sMqW dy fyirAW leI vI l`KW rupey dwn kIqy sn[
• aus ny iek muslmwn kwqb koloN kurwn SrIP dI iek KUbsUrq nkl 10,000
rupey dy ky ies leI KrId leI sI ik auh aus ƒ eIrwn vycx jw irhw sI[
• mhwrwjw hor DrmW dw vI auqnw hI siqkwr krdw sI, ijqnI SrDw aus dy
mn ivc Awpxy Drm leI sI[
rwj pRbMD ivc mhwrwjy dw vqIrw-4

11. ðäÜÆå ÇÃ§Ø ñÅÔ¯ð ÇòÚÍ

12. Khalsa Raj Generals
1. Hari Singh Nalwa, Sikh
2. Akali Phoola Singh , Sikh
3. Sham Singh Attari , Sikh
4. Diwan Mohka Chand, Hindu
5. Ilahi Baksh, Muslim
6. Gen Vantura, Italian
7. Gen Allard, France
8. Sardar Gurmukh Singh Lamba , Sikh
9. Dal Singh Nahama , Sikh

13. ÔðÆ ÇÃ§Ø éñòÅ Hari Singh Nalwa

14. ÔðÆ ÇÃ§Ø éñòÅ
Hari Singh Nalwa

15. Victories of Hari Singh Nalwa-1
jrnYl s. hrI isMG nlUAw
• s. hrI isMG dw jnm 1791 eI. ivc gu`jrWvwlw ivKy hoieAw[ Awp dy ipqw dw
nW s. guridAwl isMG qy mwqw dw nW Drm kOr sI[ Awp dy ipqw ny s. hrI
isMG dI pVHweI leI gurmuKI qy Dwrimk ividAw leI iek ivdvwn is`K qy
PwrsI leI pRbMD mOlvI dy Gr hI kr id`qw[
• hrI isMG dy ipqw jI jdoN hrI isMG 7 ku swl dw sI, ies dunIAW qoN kUc kr
gey[
• idn mhwrwjw rxjIq isMG ivSyS drbwr kirAw krdy sn qy aus idn pMjwb
dy g`BrU AwpxI sUrbIrqw dy kwrnwmy idKwieAw krdy sn[ 1862 ibkRmI ivc
jdoN bsMq drbwr lwhOr ivKy l`igAw qW s. hrI isMG vI phuMcy ijs ny AwpxI
GoVsvwrI qy qlvwr dy krq`b qyzI Aqy isAwxp nwl krky idKwey[ mhwrwjw
rxjIq isMG vyK ky hYrwn ho igAw[ mhwrwjw rxjIq isMG ny aus jvwn dI
klw qoN KuS ho ky au~T ky Awpxy h`QW nwl aus dy gl ivc kImqI kYNTw
pwieAw[

16. 2
• s. hrI isMG ƒ hzUrI iKdmqgwr vjoN inXukq kIqw igAw[ iek vwr mhwrwjw
rxjIq isMG iSkwr Kyfx gey qW aunHW dw ‘hzUrI’ iKdmqgwr s. hrI isMG vI
aunHW nwl sI[ ijauN hI auh iSkwrgwh ivc vVy qW Acwnk iek qkVy Syr ny
aunHW ’qy hmlw kr id`qw[ h`lw ieMnw iekdm hoieAw ik s. hrI isMG AwpxI
qlvwr vI nw k`F sikAw[ aus ny Awpxy donW h`QW nwl Syr dy jbwVy PV ley
qy c`kr dy ky Syr ƒ hyTW su`t ilAw[ iPr AwpxI qlvwr k`F ky Syr dI grdn
’qy ieqnI zor nwl vwr kIqw ik Syr dI grdn v`K ho geI[ aus idn qoN s.
hrI isMG dy nW nwl ‘nlUAw’ l`g igAw[
• ies Gtnw qoN bwAd mhwrwjy ny s. hrI isMG ƒ Syridl rjmYNt dw srdwr
Awhlw muk`rr kr id`qw qy 800 svwr qy pYdl aus dy ADIn kr id`qy[ ies
qrHW s. hrI isMG nlUey dw POjI jIvn SurU ho igAw[
• aus ny AwpxI ilAwkq, bhwdrI qy hOsly nwl is`K rwj dIAW h`dW ƒ ksUr,
mulqwn, bhwvlpur, im`Tw itvwxw qy kSmIr qk PYlwieAw[ ies qrHW auh
kSmIr dw gvrnr bx igAw qy aus dy nW dw is`kw c`l ipAw[

17. 3
• ies qoN bwAd aus ny mugry, mwGlI, fyrw jwq, hjwrw, nOSihrw dw ielwkw
ij`q ky is`K rwj ivc imlwieAw[ pr jdoN gwKVW ny isr c`uikAw qW aus ƒ
ipSwvr ƒ vI Kwlsw rwj ivc Swml krnw ipAw[
• auh iensw&psMd hwkm sI, pr byqrs nhIN sI[ im. ky.AYm. pwnIkr ilKdw
hY ik ‘hrI isMG is`K jrnYlW ivc sB qoN v`D SrIP sI Aqy Awpxy smyN dw
bhwdr jrnYl sI[ aus dw jIvn Blw mwns, vrAwsqw qy infrqw dw sumyl
sI[’
• pMifq iSv nrYx dy ilKx Anuswr, ‘srdwr nlUAw mhwrwjy dy drbwr ivc sB
qoN v`D sUrmw qy isAwxw srdwr sI[ ij`Qy s. hrI isMG nlUAw qlvwr dw DnI,
GoV svwrI dw mwlk sI, auQy auh nvIAW iemwrqW dy ifzwienW, sur`iKAq
iklHy iqAwr krn qy aunHW dy mwfl bxwaux ivc vI mwhr sI[’
• hrIpur dw Sihr aus dIAW bxvweIAW iemwrqW iv`coN iek sI[ ikSngVH
iklHy dI bxqr qy cox iek au~ckotI dw sbUq sI[ gujrWvwly dI bwrWdrI qy
bwg bhuq mShUr sn[
• ieh bhwdr jrnYl 30 ApRYl 1837 eI. pRlok isDwr igAw[

18. 4
• srdwr hrI isMG nlUAw dw Awm lokW ivc qW pUrw rohb-
dwAb Aqy db-dbwA hY hI sI pRMqU sMswr ivc Aij`q
smJy jWdy pTwxW AMdr qW srdwr nlUAw iek haUAw hI
sn[
• ieh pTwx aunHW qoN ieqny BY-BIq sn ik aunHW AMdr kWbw
CyVn leI srdwr nlUAw dw nW hI kwPI sI[ pTwxIAW qW
Awpxy roNdy hoey b`icAW ƒ cu`p krwaux leI AwpxI BwSw
“pSqo” ivc kih idMdIAW sn “cup Sw hrIAw rwgly” cu`p
kr b`cy nhIN qW hrI isMG Aw jwvygw[
• dunIAW ivc Swied hI koeI Aijhw jrnYl hoieAw hovy
ijs dy nW qoN hI duSmx kMbdw hovy[

19. AxKIlw jrnYl -sUr bIr bcn kw blI
AkwlI PUlw isGM jI[

20. AkwlI PUlw isGM jI -1
• izlHw sMgrUr dI mUnk qihsIl dy bWgrU ielwkw AKvwauNdy Kyqr ivc Coty ijhy
ipMf dyhlw sIhW ivKy ipqw s. eISr isMG dy Gr mwqw hir kOr dI ku`KoN 14
jnvrI, 1761 eI: ƒ iek bwlk ny jnm ilAw, ijs dw nwm aus smyN ipqw s.
eISr isMG ny KMfy-bwty dI pwhul dw DwrnI hox kr ky Dwrimk rvwieqW
Anuswr PUlw isMG r`iKAw[
• 18vIN sdI dy hmilAW dOrwn Awp dy ipqw s. eISr isMG, jo aus smyN inSwnW
vwlI imsl ivc mohrI rol Adw krdy, rx-q`qy ivc jUJ ky z^mI ho gey sn[
audoN AkwlI PUlw isMG dI aumr kyvl ie`k swl dI hI sI[ ipqw s. eISr isMG
z^mW dI qwb nw J`lidAW Akwl clwxw kr gey sn[
• prMqU A~KW mItx qoN pihlW auh Awpxy pu`qr dI bWh ShIdW dI imsl dy bwbw
nYxw isMG (Asl nW nrYx isMG) ƒ sONp gey[ iesy smyN dOrwn prmwqmw dy Bwxy
Anuswr Acwnk iek idn mwqw hir kOr jI vI Gr kMm-kwr krdy hoey pOVI qoN
if`g ky gMBIr s`tW l`gx kwrn, bwAd ivc pu`qr ƒ iek`lw hI C`f ky gurpurI
jw ibrwjy[

21. AkwlI PUlw isGM jI-2
• ShIdW dI imsl dy bwbw nYxw isMG dI sMgq ivc rih ky AkwlI PUlw isMG ny bcpn dw
smW cMgI is`iKAw Aqy jIvn auswrI ivc guzwirAw, pMjW ipAwirAW pwsoN KMfy-bwty dw
AMimRq-pwn kIqw Aqy bwxI dw pTx-pwTn SurU kIqw[ ijhVI vI sMQXw krweI jWdI aus
ƒ kMT krn dI koiSS krdy[ aunHW pMj bwxIAW, Akwl ausqq qoN ielwvw hor vI bhuq
swrI bwxI kMT kr leI[
• GoV-svwrI qy Ssqr-iv`idAw is`KI[ Br jvwnI dI aumr ivc qKq sRI dmdmw swihb,
qKq sRI kysgVH swihb Aqy sRI AMimRqsr swihb Awid AsQwnW dI syvw kIqI[ bcpn
qoN hI suDwrvwdI rucI hox kr ky gurduAwrw swihbwn dIAW kUrIqIAW dUr kIqIAW Aqy
v`fy ho ky pMQ-syvw dy mYdwn ivc in`qry[
• Syr-ey-pMjwb mhwrwjw rxjIq isMG dy smyN is`K rwj dy ausr`eIAW iv`coN auNglI qy igxy
jwx vwly Awp iek QMm vjoN ieiqhws dy JroKo ivc au~Br ky swhmxy Awey[ ieh hsqI
do ivSySxW ‘bwbw’ Aqy ‘AkwlI’ nwvW nwl is`K ggn dw isqwrw bx ky cmkI[ ienHW dy
smyN dw koeI jMg Aijhw nhIN sI ijhVI is`K rwj dy vwDy leI nw lVI geI hovy Aqy
aus ivc AkwlI PUlw isMG Swml nw hoey hox[

22. AkwlI PUlw isGM jI -3
• jdoN 1805 eI: ivc mhwrwjw rxjIq isMG dIAW POjW ny sRI AMimRqsr Sihr
duAwly Gyrw pw ilAw qy aus dw mukwblw krn vwsqy BMgI srdwrW dIAw POjW
Aqy qop-Kwnw Sihr dI PsIl Aqy iklHw lohgVH ’qy qwienwq ho gey qW iPr
ieh iBAMkr ^Un-Krwbw rokx leI AkwlI PUlw isMG Awpxw jQw lY ky dohW
iDrW dIAW POjW drimAwn Aw Kloqy, ijs dy kwrn dohW iDrW ivc KUnI
tkrwA hoxo tl igAw[
• BMgI srdwrW ny mhwrwjw rxjIq isMG dI eIn mMnidAW sRI AMimRqsr qoN Awpxw
AiDkwr C`f id`qw Aqy mhwrwjw ny ienHW ƒ guzwry leI ie`k v`fI jwgIr b^S
id`qI[ AkwlI PUlw isMG dy AYsy jzby ƒ dyK ky mhwrwjw rxjIq isMG bhuq
pRBwivq hoey[
• sMn 1807 eI: ivc mhwrwjw rxjIq isMG ny ksUr ’qy hmlw kIqw[ audoN vI
mhwrwjw rxjIq isMG dIAW POjW ny qkrIbn ie`k mhInw ksUr Sihr dy duAwly
Gyrw pweI r`iKAw[

23. AkwlI PUlw isGM jI -4
• PrvrI, 1807 ƒ ies KwlsweI dl ny ksUr Sihr ƒ jw GyirAw[ Kwlsy ny jdoN lVweI
ƒ lmkdw if`Tw qW iek Xojnw qihq rwqoNrwq iklyH dIAW dIvwrW hyT surMgW lw ky aunHW
ivc brUd Br id`qw Aqy idn cVHn qoN pihlW qoVy dwg id`qy[ iklHy dIAW kMDW if`gidAW
swr hI AkwlI POjW AMdr jw vVIAW Aqy h`Qo-h`Q lVweI ivc is`KW dw kbzw ho igAw[
ies mh`qvpUrn ij`q ny AkwlI jQy dI bhwdrI Aqy Kws krky AkwlI PUlw isMG dI
vIrqw ny mhwrwjw rxjIq isMG dy idmwg ’qy AYsw Asr kIqw ik ies qoN bwAd lVHIAW
geIAW swrIAW mh`qvpUrn lVHweIAW Aqy ij`qW ivc AkwlI PUlw isMG dw ivSyS h`Q
irhw[
• mulqwn, ipSwvr, kSmIr Aqy srh`dI lVHweIAW ivc mhwrwjw rxjIq isMG dIAW POjW
dI jMgI syvw ibnW iksy inXmq qnKwh Aqy B`iqAW qoN AkwlI jI krdy rhy[
• sMn 1818 eI: ivc mulqwn dI Piqh mhwrwjw rxjIq isMG vwsqy iek Kws AihmIAq
vwlI sI, ijs ivc vI mhwrwjw ny bhuq hI Xojnwb`D qrIky nwl mulqwn ’qy hmlw
kIqw[ POjW dw mu`K kmWfr kMvr KVk sMG sI ijs pws BwrI qop-Kwnw, pYdl POj,
GoV-svwr dI igxqI 25 hzwr qoN v`D sI[ POj dy dUjy kmWfr srdwr dl isMG, Piqh
isMG, s. DMnw isMG mlveI, dIvwn moqI rwm qoN ielwvw AkwlI POj dI kmwn AkwlI
PUlw isMG dy h`Q sI[ mulqwn Piqh ho igAw[

24. AkwlI PUlw isGM jI -5
• Piqh irport lwhOr ByjI geI[ aus ivc kMvr KVk isMG ny ieh iliKAw ik ieh
Piqh inrol AkwlI PUlw isMG dI Adu`qI bhwdrI dw Pl hY[ jdoN Kwlsw POj ngwry
vjwauNdI lwhOr phuMcI qW mhwrwjw ny sB qoN pihlW AkwlI PUlw isMG ƒ AwpxI CwqI
nwl lgwieAw Aqy aus ƒ is`K rwj dw rwKw hox dw snmwn id`qw[
• is`K rwj dy rwKy AkwlI PUlw isMG ny 1823 eI: ivc nOSihry dI jMg ivc Ardwsw kr
ky qoV inBwaux ihq pTwx POjW ƒ krwry h`Q ivKw ky bVI bhwdrI, dlyrI, infrqw ƒ
inBwauNidAW hoieAW Piqh hwsl kIqI[ 18 mwrc, 1823 eI: ƒ auh jMg-ey-mYdwn ivc
ShIdI pw gey[
• aunHW dw AMqm-sMskwr lMfy dirAw dy kMFy mhwrwjw rxjIq isMG ny Awpxy h`QIN kIqw
Aqy swrI POj v`loN AxKIly XoDy ƒ slwmI id`qI geI[mhwrwjw rxjIq isMG AkwlI PUlw
isMG dw bhuq siqkwr krdy sn[ auh jo vI kihMdy sn mhwrwjw aunHW dI g`l ’qy Pu`l
cVwauNdy sn[
• AkwlI PUlw isMG ny iek vwr mhwrwjy dI Aihm Bu`l bdly aunHW ƒ is`KI rvwieqW
Anuswr qnKwh vI lweI jo mhwrwjw ny iKVHy m`Qy pRvwn kr leI sI[

25. AkwlI PUlw isGM jI -6
English narration
• The great Sikh General, Jathedar Akali Phoola Singh, was born in
1761. His father Ishar Singh was fatally wounded during the great
massacre of Sikhs (Wada Ghalughara) in 1762. Before his death he
charged Bhai Narain Singh of Misl Shaheedan with the responsibility
of raising his infant son.
• Akali Ji, by the age of ten, could recite Nitnem and other Gurbani
hymns. At Anandpur Sahib, he always kept himself busy doing sewa
or reading Gurbani, and he became very popular with the sangat.
Because of his scholastic attitude and commitment to Panthic
welfare, he was made the leader (Jathedar) of the Misl after the
death of Bhai Narain Singh.
• In 1800, he came to Amritsar and made the Mahants improve the
management of the Gurdwaras. The major credit for extending the
boundaries of the Sikh Raj goes to Akali Ji, the legendary general of
the Sikhs.

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27. srdwr Swm isMG AtwrI
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Aqy ShIdI dy ky srdwr Swm isMG AtwrI AMgryz
pwsoN dyS dI ‘AzwdI dI lihr’ dy moFI bxy[

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Kwlsw POj hwr geI[ Swh muhMmd ies bwry ieauN vYx pwauNdw
hoieAw hMJU kyrdw hY:
jMg ihMd pMjwb dw hox l`gw, POjW dovyN pwqSwhI BwrIAW ny,
A`j hovy srkwr qW mu`l pwvy, ijhVIAW Kwlsy ny qygW mwrIAW ny[
Swh muhMmdw iek srkwr bwJoN, POjW ij`q ky AMq ƒ hwrIAW ny[
sxy AwdmI golIAW nwl au~fx, hwQI FwauNdy sxy AMbwrIAW ny[
Swh muhMmdw iek srkwr bwJoN, POjW ij`q ky AMq ƒ hwrIAW ny[
srdwr Swm isMG AtwrI

29. • Aqy ies jMg dy hwlwq ƒ bVI brIkI nwl Swh muhMmd
ibAwn krdw hoieAw isMG sUrimAW Aqy Kwlsw POj dI
sUrmgqI, Xu`D-bIrqw isMGqv dy joS Aqy jzby Aqy Xogdwn
bwry ieauN ibAwn krdw hY:
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syvw isMG qy mwKy KW hoey is`Dy, h`ly iqMn PrMgI dy qoV id`qy[
Swm isMG srdwr AtwrI vwly, bMnH SsqRIN joV ivCoV id`qy[
Swh muhMmdw isMGW ny goirAW dy, vWg inMbUAW lhU incoV id`qy[
srdwr Swm isMG AtwrI

30. Fauj e Khas
1. The Fauj-i-Khas had 4 battalions of infantry, 2
regiments of cavalry and a troop of artillery. The
cavalry was built on a British model and the
infantry on French pattern. This was the first unit
in the army to be equipped European-style.
2. Impressed by its performance, the Maharaja
ordered a total re-organisation of his whole
regular force on the model of Fauj-i-Khas in
1835.

31. Lahore Darbar Army

32. Lahore Darbar Army
It was the Maharaja Ranjit Singh who started to hire European
officers to train and command parts of his army. The Fauj-i-Khas
was a model brigade trained and equipped after European model
under the command of General Jean-Baptiste Ventura. It consisted
of 11000 horsemen(Ghor Charras), divided into fifteen Dera led by
eminents sardars, among them Sham Singh Atariwala, Gurmukh
Singh Lamba, Hari Singh Nalwa, and two by non Sikhs, the Mulraj
Derah of Dewan Mulraj and Dorgra Derah of Dhian Dogra.
Izazi-i-sardari was the highest honour, most distinguished Sikh
generals, sardar Gurmukh Singh Lamba, Hari Singh Nalwa, and Dal
Singh Nahama were the recipient. Sikh General Sardar Gurmukh
Singh Lamba sketch portrait Painting is displayed at Central
Museum Lahore under serial D-40 with a caption.

33. Fauj e Khas ( Europeans perssonel)
• Over the years many Europeans served in the army of
the Punjab. Among them:
• General Jean-François Allard (cavalry) - French
• General Paolo Di Avitabile (infantry) - Italian (Naples)
• General Jean-Baptiste Ventura (infantry) - Italian
(Modena)
• General Claude August Court (artillery) - French
• Colonel Alexander Gardner (artillery) - American
(Wisconsin)
• Colonel John Holmes - Anglo-

34. Strength of Fauj -i-Khas
• This alarmed the British, who had come to see the
emerging military power of Punjab as a threat, to such
a degree that they in 1837 issued orders to be vigilant
and try to arrest any French officer travelling in
disguise to join Ranjit Singh’s army.
• Before Ranjit Singh, the Punjab army was mainly a pure
cavalry army. Under the supervision of the European
officers, and encouragement by the Maharaja, the
infantry and artillery gained importance, and by the
time of the death of Ranjit Singh, the infantry service
had become the preferred service in the army.

35. Maharaja with son Sher Singh
îÔÅðÅÜÅ ðäÜÆå ÇÃ§Ø ÁÅêä¶ ê¹¾åð ô¶ð ÇÃ§Ø éÅñÍ

36. îÔÅðÅÜÅ ðäÜÆå ÇçØ
Died: June 27, 1839, Lahore, Pakistan

37. Thanks
Commander Balvir Singh, 737 Urban Estate,
Phase I, Jalandhar. 144022
Whatsup No: 9814908737
e-mail : balvir57@gmail.com
13 November 2020.