1. PES/ENG/IX/021
Note- File for Beta Evaluation
- Pl mark the portion reqd in Punjabi
A PUNJAB EDUSAT SOCIETY PRODUCTION
SUBJECT - ENGLISH
CLASS - IX
CHAPTER - ESSAY WRITING III
MODULE - PARTS OF AN ESSAY
(Word Count-2945)
CUT TO ANCHOR:
Hello children, We had learnt about the different parts of an essay. Let’s recall what
all we had learnt.
 An essay consists of three segments – introduction, body and conclusion.
 The introduction should be short, attractive and should contain the purpose of
the essay.
 The body should contain all the points we had made in the outline and should
have clarity.
 The conclusion should be short, attractive and in the right mood.
 Introduction can start with a question, incident or example.
 Introduction can also start with a catchy , relevant quotation.
CUT TO ANCHOR:
ftfdnkoEhU, ;kvh ni d / ftF/ pko / ikD- gSkD pj[s uzrh sokQ j' rJh j? go fJj skA
fJe S'Nk fijk yzv ;h.n;b ftZu fBpzX p[fBnkdh s'o s/ nkgD/ YkAu/ s/ fBoGo eodk
j? fiE/ n;h ;ko/ B[efsnkA Bz{ fbye/ ftnes eod / jkA .nkgD/ ftukokA Bz{
;kBz{ bVhtko oyDk ukjhdk j? fit/A s[;h fe;h Bkb rZb eo oj/ j'.
In short, the body of an essay can be described as follows:
Basic points,
Ordered and connected,
Delivered clearly and appropriately, in
Your own individual style.
( Blink the highlighted capital letters.)
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2. PES/ENG/IX/021
As we have seen, the body for descriptive essays is more or less concerned with
Text on screen with voice over
• Definition, description of the problem / phenomena
• Causes
• Effects – positive or negative or both
• Steps to be taken
CUT TO ANCHOR:
nkws'o s/ nfij/ ftF/ fiBkQ dk ;zpzX tksktoD ikA ;wkfie w[;hpskA Bkb j't/,T[BkQ
dk YkAuk nfijk jz[dk j?.nfij/ ftfFnkaftZu jeheskA ns / T[dkjoDk Bz{ Fkfwb eoBk
pj[s wjsZtg{oB ns/ bkGdkfJe jz[dk j?.nypkokA ns/ o;kfbnkA dk jtkbk d/D Bkb
;kvk fpnkB ehsk fBpzX j'o o'ue j' ikAdk j?.ftF/ Bkb ;zpzfXs nkw ikDekoh fbyD
ftZu pj[s wdd eodh j?.fijVhnkA rbkA pko/ ;kBz{ brdk j? fe fJj Bjh j't/rk T[; bJh
;kBz{ fJj fbyDk ukjhdk j? fe j' ;edk j? fe fJj Bk th j't /
Topics concerning environmental issues, social problems etc. generally have this
kind of a body. In such topics, it is of great importance and advantage to include
facts and examples supporting your body. Referring to Newspaper and Magazine
clippings is an interesting way of enriching your descriptive essay. Having a good
general knowledge helps a lot. Since in such topics, we mostly state facts, it is very
important to clarify which sentence is your opinion and not a fact. If you feel
something will not happen, say ‘It may not happen’, do not say ‘It will not happen’.
The sentence then sounds like a fact. Summing up, descriptive essays deal with true
life and our own environment, so they can be actually written in a very candid and
lively manner.
Kushal has completed the body of his essay. Let’s take a look.
Text on screen with voice over(A blirred, big, coloured image of a tall tree to be
shown in the background of the text.)
Trees provide us with fruits and vegetables. They provide us shade in summers.
They are the home for many birds. Trees during photosynthesis take in carbon-
dioxide and give out oxygen. They help purify the air for us. Trees help in cooling the
surroundings and in attracting rains. When we cut down trees, we not only make the
land barren, but the atmosphere polluted and hotter too.
If trees are indeed so helpful, why do people want to cut them? Certainly for their
own business. They build hotels, markets, malls etc. in places where trees have
been standing for years. They build houses and use the wood from the trees to
furnish them. They feel they are gaining a lot by cutting the trees while actually they
are at a loss.
When we cut trees, it is nobody’s but our own loss. The ecological balance gets
affected. Food for the animals and humans reduces, pollution becomes dominant,
rains become less frequent and weather becomes hot and dry. The Hotels can be
built elsewhere , without cutting the trees. It is easy to cut them in a day but growing
one so easily is just not possible!
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3. PES/ENG/IX/021
For all the good that trees do to us, we can at least show a little humanity by not
plucking and crumpling plants unnecessarily. We should spread the awareness
among more people. We have seen people coming and heartlessly cutting down the
trees we had fondly grown in our neighbourhood. The owner of the hotel will be
enjoying his profits. But we will get hurt by the polluted air and increase in the
atmospheric temperature. We, who live in this neighbourhood, should protect our
valuable trees, our surroundings Maintaining our environmental balance is very
much in our own hands.
CUT TO ANCHOR:
fJ;d/ fBpzX d/ YkAu/ B/ ;ko/ B[efsnkA Bz{ ;zy/g ftZu pVh u[;sh Bkb Fkfwb
ehsk j?.fJj th fJe toDkswe fBpzX j? fJ;bJh T[;Bz{ ekoDk,gqGktkA ns/ T[; bJh
u[e/ ikD tkb/ edwkA,tkb/ Bw{B/ Bz{ Fkfwb eoBk gt/rk .go eh j't /rk id'A ;kv/
e'b'A fe;/ ftF/ s / ;[Mkn wzr/ ikD< T[dkjoD d / s'o s /,eh N?bhthiB d/yDk ;kv/ bJh
jkBhekoe j?<
In such topics we have three options:
Text on screen with voice over
We can
i. Agree with the topic
ii. Disagree with the topic
iii. Take a neutral stand, neither agree nor disagree
CUT TO ANCHOR:
;kvk fBpzX fJj efj ;edk j? fe N?bhthiB d/yDk jkBhekoe j?. n;h fJ; ftZu jkBhnkA d/
ekoD ,gqGkt ns/ T[gkn pko/ dZ; ;ed/ jkA .i/eo ;kvk fBpzX fJ; s'A ;fjws Bk j't/ skA n;h
T[;d/ bkGkA pko/ fby ;ed/ jkA.fJ;d/ pkti{d i/ n;hA d'jkA pko/ fbyDk ukjz[d/ jkA skA n;hA
bkG ns/ jkBhnkA d'jkA pko/ fby ;ed/ jkA ..But, in some cases, we cannot take a
neutral stand because the two stands are two extremes and do not go together.
Sometimes the topic of the essay itself rules out the possibility of a neutral stand. For
example: ‘Is today’s generation smarter than the previous?’ When the topic itself
asks a question, taking a neutral stand will make the essay aimless.
When the topic concerns morals/ethics/virtues etc., do not stand for wrong morals or
ethics under any circumstances, even in a humorous way. You can always explain
why people at times are forced to do wrong things and you can give suggestions to
rectify the problem, but do not support their action.
For example:
Text on screen with voice over
Topic - Increased cases of robbery in India.
(Introduction can consist of A newspaper clipping relevant to the
topic, to be scanned and inserted.)Then the body can be easily connected to the
Introduction.
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4. PES/ENG/IX/021
Body- Such people do not have money or shelter to support their families.
Problem of unemployment adds to their miseries. This drives them to
steal in order to support their livelihood. But, stealing has never been
the correct thing to do. We cannot be happy knowing that we have
deprived somebody else and stolen their hard-earned money.
Opportunities provided by the government can generate some jobs,
helping them to improve the standard of living. Some organizations,
engaged in Social services, can also play an important role in
spreading literacy, and giving them the zest to lead a healthy life.
CUT TO ANCHOR:
Thus, we can discuss an issue without justifying wrong actions. The last part of an
essay is the conclusion. If the last bite is bitter, the whole lunch leaves a bitter taste
in the mouth. Despite writing an attractive introduction and a detailed body, if the
conclusion to our essay is not good, the essay fails to create an impact.
Cut to MM:
Shyam: What do you want to say in your conclusion Kushal?
Kushal: The main aim of my writing this essay is to motivate the people to protest
against the cutting down of trees in our neighbourhood. So, I want that to
be my conclusion.
Shyam: Should we then conclude saying, “Please join hands to save our trees”?
Kushal: That’s too sweet. I am not asking for a favour. It is their neighbourhood too.
Shyam: I didn’t realize that. Maybe that’s what we should tell the people too. It is
their neighbourhood. They must fight for it.
CUT TO ANCHOR:
f;ZN/ tiA' i'' ;zd/F n;h d/Dk ukjz[d/ jkA T[;dk nzs th i'odko sohe/ Bkb j'Dk ukjhdk j?.T[;
s'A gfjbkA fe s[jkBz{ ;jh f;fNnkA pko/ df;nk ikt/
, let us quickly sum up the main points of a conclusion, in an interesting way:
Concise
Opinion,
Narrated
Clearly,
Leading to a
Unified and focussed
Summary which is
Individual in nature,
Original in content and
Nature.
Examples of some conclusions are:
Text on screen with voice over
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5. PES/ENG/IX/021
EXAMPLES OF CONCLUSIONS
1) Ending with an appeal(wherever possible)
CUT TO ANCHOR:
fJj fBpzX nkw iBsk d/ ezwkA,coikA,;wf;nktkA Bkb ;zpzfXs jB.id'A n;h fe;h rb
pko/ nktki T[mkT[Ad/ jkA skA ;kBz{ fJj gsk j'Dk ukjhdk j? fe n;h ;jh ftF/ s /
nktki T[mk oj/ jkA.fJ;bJh fJj fttkdkA s'A ofjs j'D / ukjhd / jB.fJE / ;kBz{ nkgDh
rZb Bz{ fJzM jh Bjh efj d/Dk pbfe T[;s/ gfenkA ofjDk j?
Text on screen with voice over
Let us see some examples of some ‘conclusions’, with a universal appeal.
Topic - Pollution
Conclusion - a. So friends, let us take a pledge to make this world cleaner
and greener.
b. So finally, I don’t claim myself to be an environmentalist, but
surely, I’m an Earth warrior!
c . Ultimately, we must realize the value of saving our
environment from pollution.” When we heal the Earth, remember we are healing
ourselves.”
d. While saving our environment from any pollution,
“Take nothing but pictures.
Leave nothing but footprints,
Kill nothing but time.”
.
CUT TO ANCHOR:
fJe j'o sohek j?,gqFB d/ Bkb nzs eoB dk .go gqFB dh u'D ;jh j'Dh ukjhdh j? i'
gqGktFkbh j't/ ns/ e[M ;zd/F d /t / s / Bkb jh gVQB tkb/ Bz{ ;'uD s/ wip{o eo
d /t / .
We can even add a remark after the question. For example:
Text on screen with voice over
2) Ending with a question
Text on screen with voice over
Topic - Voting sensibly.
Some examples of conclusions ending with a question
Conclusion - a. The citizens of India should take interest in the affairs of the
country and make full use of their powers to vote. Will India
flourish or perish? The answer lies with you.
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6. PES/ENG/IX/021
b. We, as Indian citizens, should be well aware of the party’s
performance. So we must cast our vote to bring in a proper
government. Isn’t that true?
c. So decide for yourself, will you vote for Power or
Performance or religion? The country is waiting for your
decision.
CUT TO ANCHOR:
In essays concerning morals/ethics/virtues, we cannot give a message and asking a
question is not advisable. Many times the question may not even help our cause. In
such essays it is best to end with a remark. For example
Text on screen with voice over
3) Ending with a remark
Text on screen with voice over
Some examples r given below:
Topic - Honesty is the best policy
Conclusion - Leading an honest life is the most straight forward, tension free
and ethically correct way of living. While one lie leads to
another, leading to a never ending sequel, what has one got to
lose by telling the truth? After all honesty is the best policy.
Topic- Where there is a Will, there is a way.
Conclusion- Negative thoughts are always barriers to any success. Positive
thinking leads one to self-motivation and a will to achieve the
focussed goal in life. So, it is rightly said,’Where there is a will,
there is a Way’.
Topic- Slow and steady wins the race.
Conclusion We may finally conclude that going fast with lots of mistakes is
not at all desirable. It’s always better to be a little slow but
steady and correct in your work. Maintaining a steady and
positive growth is always better than a faulty, and unfocussed
growth. Remember, ’Slow and steady wins the race’
CUT TO ANCHOR:
A note: Children, the above examples of conclusion use the titles of the essays as
their concluding remark. This is a very effective way of emphasizing the topics and
reminding the readers about the aim of the essays, respectively.
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7. PES/ENG/IX/021
Cut to MM:
Kushal: So, we finally have our essay ready. Do you think people will be influenced
by it?
Shyam: Lets read it and see if we get inspired.
CUT TO ANCHOR:
After we have written the essay, we must read it again and see if it has come out the
way we wanted it to. We should re-read and check for:
Text on screen with voice over
• Spelling mistakes
• Continuity
• Mood
• Proper Punctuation.
Change the sentences which you feel are going against the mood of the essay.
Let us see how Kushal’s essay looks.
Text on screen with voice over(Blurred Image of a tall tree to be put behind the
text of the essay, as shown , previously.)
SAVE OUR TREES
Did you know trees have life too? Every time you pluck a leaf or crumple a plant
under your foot, you cause them pain. The industrial wastes are poisonous for these
plants. We leave no park, no garden litter free. We may not look after them, but do
we have to stoop as low as heartlessly cutting them down? All that after trees doing
so much for us?
Trees provide us with fruits and vegetables. They provide us shade in summers.
They are the home for many birds. Trees during photosynthesis, take in carbon-
dioxide and give out oxygen. They help purify the air for us. Trees help in cooling the
surroundings and in attracting rains. When we cut down trees, we not only make the
land barren, but the atmosphere polluted and hotter too.
If trees are indeed so helpful, why do people want to cut them? Positively for their
own business. They build hotels, markets, malls etc. in places where trees have
been standing for years. They build houses and use the wood from the trees to
furnish them. They feel they are gaining a lot by cutting the trees while actually they
are at a loss.
When we cut trees, it is nobody’s but our own loss. The ecological balance gets
affected. Food for the animals and humans reduce, pollution becomes dominant,
rains become less frequent and weather becomes hot and dry. We can build the
hotels somewhere else without cutting the trees. It is easy to cut down a tree in a
day, but it is impossible to grow a tree in just a day.
For all the good that trees do to us, we can at least show a little humanity by not
plucking and crumpling plants unnecessarily. We should spread the awareness
amongst more people. We have seen people coming and heartlessly cutting down
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8. PES/ENG/IX/021
the trees we had fondly grown in our neighbourhood. The owner of the hotel built
may enjoy his profits, but we will get hurt by the polluted air and increase in
atmospheric temperature. Let us give ourselves cleaner air to breathe, fresher
surroundings to live in and healthy gardens for the children to play in. Raise a voice.
This is your neighbourhood, these are your trees. Save them. Can we give it an
instant start?
Cut to MM
Kushal: We have written points to support us and have made people aware of the
consequences. I think it should work.
Shyam: More than reasons and points, an essay should be inspiring. Our essay
effectively does that. Any person who reads it will think about saving the
trees at least once.
Kushal: Are all essays so effective?
Shyam: The reason our essay came out well is because you believed in it. You
wrote it with your heart and had a clear aim in your mind. Your efforts will
definitely bear fruits.
Shyam smiles.
CUT TO ANCHOR:
pZfuU fJ; fBpzX fbyD dh ez[ih okjh n;h s[jkBz{ fBpzX fbyDk Bjh pbfe uzrk
fBpzX fet/A fbfynk ikAdk j? ,fJj f;ykfJnk j?.fJE/ i' T[dkjoDk fdshnkA rJhnkA jB
T[j pj[s xZN jB.f;oiDkswe pDB dh e'fFF eo'.t/y' eh ;jh j?,iBsk ftZu fet/ ikro[esk
nkJ/rh.feskpkA nkfd gVQB dh nkds gkU,nkb/- d[nkb / pko/ ikDekoh oy'.fby' Ujh
i' s[;h ;'ud/ j',wfj;{; eod/ j' .fJj ;uw[u pj[s gqGktFkbh j't /rk.
Text on screen with voice over
Today, we have learnt
 The body of descriptive essays usually consists of causes, effects and steps
to be taken.
 In some essays, we are required to agree or disagree with the topic.
 We must never preach wrong morals or ideas in our essay.
 The conclusion should carry the message and mood of the essay.
 The essay may end with an appeal, a question or a remark.
 Be creative and try something new to create an impact.
Question – Answer session
Work on writing the body of your essay ‘Books’ and suggest a suitable conclusion for
it.
Choose a topic of your choice from the following and write an essay on it.Hope you
will enjoy your essay writing session. Thank you for being with us and taking so
much interest!!
Text on screen with voice over
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9. PES/ENG/IX/021
1. Life in a city.
2. Importance of sports.
3. Are we forgetting Gandhi?
4. If I were an astronaut.
5. Where there is a will, there is a way.
Hope you will enjoy your essay writing session. Thank you for being with us and
taking so much interest!!
End of the episode
The script has been reviewed by - -------------------------------
Signature - -------------------------------------------------------------
Date - ------------------------------------------------------------------
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