4. There are many state and local party
organizations across the U.S.
5.
6. “A body of men united,
for promoting by their
joint endeavors the
national interest, upon
some particular
principle in which they
are all agreed”
Edmund Burke
7. Inter and Intra-PartyVariation
Political Party vs. Political Ideology
Conservative Democrats, Liberal Republicans
Politicians’ Choices
▪ Vote or caucus with another party
▪ Defect party and join another
8. A broad coalition of individuals who:
(1) Recruit, nominate, and elect candidates for office
(2) Under a given label
(3)To control the government
(4) In accordance with their ideas and policies.
12. Party-in-the-Electorate
Ordinary citizens; loyalty & identification w/ party
What is a Likert scale?
Strong
Lib
Weak
Lib
Lean
Lib
Mod
Lean
Cons
Weak
Cons
Strong
Cons
13. Party Organization
Party Officials, Committees,Volunteers, Staff
Party-in-Government
Officeholders and Candidates
Local, State, National Levels
Examples: Governor, State Legislators, Mayors
14.
15. Intermediary Between Citizens and Govt.
Bring PublicTogether
Nominate Candidates for Office
National, State, and Local Levels
Contest Elections
Mobilize Electorate; EncourageVoting
16.
17. Organize Government
Provide Accountability
Importance of Party ID
Prospective and RetrospectiveVoting
▪ Sincere and StrategicVoting
Manage Conflict
Reconciling Group Demands
18.
19. Regional support for the parties change
Social groups supporting the parties change
New groups of citizens are mobilized and
become part of electorate
Realignments are typically caused by new
issues that divide citizens
20.
21.
22. Hamilton began the
Federalist Party.
Federalists favored a
strong national govt.
Jefferson headed the
Democratic-Republican
Party. These individuals
preferred states’ rights.
23.
24. Presidential electors now popularly elected
Property qualifications for voting dropped
Voter turnout increased dramatically
25. The Whigs formed in opposition to
Jackson’s presidency and policies.
29. Rise of Political
Machines, including
Tweed’sTammany Hall.
The
Australian
or Secret
Ballot was
adopted to
counteract
party
machines.
30.
31. Death of Populist Movement
Beginning of Republican Dominance
From L to R:
Presidents
Warren G.
Harding,
Calvin
Coolidge,
and Herbert
Hoover.
32.
33. FDR’s decisive victory over Hoover led to the “New Deal,”
which included social welfare programs.
The “New Deal Coalition” was instrumental in FDR’s victory.
34.
35. Changes Regarding Ideology and Party ID
African-Americans: Republican Democrat
White Southerners: Democrat Republican
Rise of candidate-centered system
Rise ofThird-Party Candidates
Defined by partisanship and gridlock
36.
37.
38.
39.
40.
41.
42.
43.
44.
45.
46.
47. Interest groups are groups of citizens who:
(1) Share common interest
(2)Try to influence policy
What are some types of interest groups?
Proactive Interest Groups
Reactive Interest Groups
Homogeneous vs. Heterogeneous Groups
51. Common Problem orThreat
Resource Advantage
Effective Leadership
52.
53. Material Benefits
Tangible rewards that members can actually use
Solidary Benefits
Derived from interaction and bonding with others
Expressive Benefits
Internal rewards; Being a part of worthy cause
62. DIRECT LOBBYING
“Inside Lobbying”
Interaction with
decision makers in
government
INDIRECT LOBBYING
“Outside Lobbying”
Mobilizes general
public to contact govt.
officials on given issue