This document describes a novel standalone solar PV system that uses high gain, high efficiency DC-DC converters in both the power stage and battery interface. This allows the use of low voltage PV and battery sources while minimizing issues from partial shading. It also prevents overcharging and deep discharging of battery modules. The system facilitates "required power tracking" from the PV source to match load requirements without needing dump loads. Simulation and experimental results show the system achieves high performance and efficiency of 94%. The document concludes by noting limitations and opportunities for further improvement.

1. ELECTRICAL PROJECTS USING MATLAB/SIMULINK
Gmail: asokatechnologies@gmail.com, Website: http://www.asokatechnologies.in
0-9347143789/9949240245
For Simulation Results of the project Contact Us
Gmail: asokatechnologies@gmail.com, Website: http://www.asokatechnologies.in
0-9347143789/9949240245
Novel High Performance Stand Alone Solar PV System with
High Gain, High Efficiency DC-DC Converter Power Stages
ABSTRACT:
This paper proposes a novel 3- stand-alone solar PV system configuration that uses high gain,
high efficiency ( 96%) dc-dc converters both in the forward power stage as well as the
bidirectional battery interface. The high voltage gain converters enable the use of low voltage PV
and battery sources. This results in minimization of partial shading and parasitic capacitance
effects on the PV source. Series connection of a large number of battery modules is obviated,
preventing the overcharging and deep discharging issues that reduce the battery life. Also, the
proposed configuration facilitates "required power tracking (RPT)" of the PV source as per the
load requirements eliminating the use of expensive and 'difficult to manage' dump loads. High
performance inverter operation is achieved through abc to dq reference frame transformation,
which helps in generating precise information about the load's active power component for RPT,
regulation of ac output voltage and minimization of control complexity. Inverter output voltage
is regulated by controlling the modulation index of sinusoidal pulse width modulation, resulting
in a stable and reliable system operation. The active power demand is controlled by regulating
the dc link voltage. All the analytical, simulation and experimental results of this work are
presented.
KEYWORDS:
1. Power conversion
2. Pulse width modulation converters
3. Power conditioning, Inverters
4. Three-phase electric power

2. ELECTRICAL PROJECTS USING MATLAB/SIMULINK
Gmail: asokatechnologies@gmail.com, Website: http://www.asokatechnologies.in
0-9347143789/9949240245
For Simulation Results of the project Contact Us
Gmail: asokatechnologies@gmail.com, Website: http://www.asokatechnologies.in
0-9347143789/9949240245
5. Power control
6. Photovoltaic cells
7. Energy conversion
8. Solar power generation
9. High gain DC-DC Converter
10. MPPT
SOFTWARE: MATLAB/SIMULINK
BLOCK DIAGRAM:
Fig. 1. Simplified block diagram of a two stage stand alone PV system

3. ELECTRICAL PROJECTS USING MATLAB/SIMULINK
Gmail: asokatechnologies@gmail.com, Website: http://www.asokatechnologies.in
0-9347143789/9949240245
For Simulation Results of the project Contact Us
Gmail: asokatechnologies@gmail.com, Website: http://www.asokatechnologies.in
0-9347143789/9949240245
EXPECTED SIMULATION RESULTS:
Fig. 2. Simulation results of the proposed system during the sequence of events considered

4. ELECTRICAL PROJECTS USING MATLAB/SIMULINK
Gmail: asokatechnologies@gmail.com, Website: http://www.asokatechnologies.in
0-9347143789/9949240245
For Simulation Results of the project Contact Us
Gmail: asokatechnologies@gmail.com, Website: http://www.asokatechnologies.in
0-9347143789/9949240245
Fig.3 Dynamic response of the dc link: (a) An effective load (Reff) connected across the dc link; (b) Response to
step change in effective load (200W to 400W); (c) Response to step change in reference dc link voltage, *
Vdc from 250V to 400V.
CONCLUSION:
This paper has described and implemented a novel 3- solar PV inverter system for stand-alone
applications. Considering that high PV side voltage leads to several drawbacks, a low voltage PV
source is used in the system. The limitation of low voltage PV source is overcome by using a
special high voltage gain front end dc-dc converter capable of operating at high efficiency and
MPPT. The proposed scheme is particularly conducive to long battery life by as it ensures no
battery overcharge or deep discharge. For this purpose, the conventional MPPT scheme is
replaced by RPT, which ensures only the required power is tracked from the PV source. This
prevents the drawing of excess power from the PV source and the use and management of
expensive 'dump' loads. Not only the main power stage, but the battery interfacing bi-directional
stage also supports high voltage gain with high efficiency. Due to the use of special high gain,

5. ELECTRICAL PROJECTS USING MATLAB/SIMULINK
Gmail: asokatechnologies@gmail.com, Website: http://www.asokatechnologies.in
0-9347143789/9949240245
For Simulation Results of the project Contact Us
Gmail: asokatechnologies@gmail.com, Website: http://www.asokatechnologies.in
0-9347143789/9949240245
high efficiency converters in the power stage, the overall efficiency of the system is 94%.
Preliminary investigations have yielded encouraging results. The capacity of the proposed
control strategy can be enhanced for high power operation by interfacing other renewable
sources (fuel cell stack, wind etc.) to the dc link of the proposed system without significantly
altering the control strategy. In spite of the good performance of the proposed system, as verified
through several simulation and experimental results, there are some limitations too, as listed
below:
1. The high gain, high efficiency dc-dc converters used in the proposed system may be difficult
to design for high power levels.
2. In the proposed system, battery is interfaced with the high voltage (400V) dc link requiring a
high voltage gain, high efficiency dc-dc converter. Battery interfacing to the low voltage (40V)
dc bus should be explored.
3. The proposed system uses a large number of sensors, which may increase the cost and
complexity. All these issues are being currently investigated and the findings will be reported in
a future paper.
REFERENCES:
[1] S.R. Bhat, A. Pittet and B.S. Sonde, "Performance optimization of induction motor-pump
system using photovoltaic energy source," IEEE Transactions on Industry Applications, vol. IA-
23, no. 6, pp. 995–1000, Nov. 1987.
[2] S. Duryea, S. Islam and W. Lawrence, "A battery management system for stand alone
photovoltaic energy systems," 34th IEEE IAS Annual Meeting, vol. 4, pp. 2649-2654, Phoenix,
AZ , 3rd - 7th Oct., 1999.

6. ELECTRICAL PROJECTS USING MATLAB/SIMULINK
Gmail: asokatechnologies@gmail.com, Website: http://www.asokatechnologies.in
0-9347143789/9949240245
For Simulation Results of the project Contact Us
Gmail: asokatechnologies@gmail.com, Website: http://www.asokatechnologies.in
0-9347143789/9949240245
[3] M. Uzunoglu, O. C. Onar, and M. S. Alam, “Modeling, control and simulation of a
PV/FC/UC based hybrid power generation system for stand-alone applications” Renewable
Energy, vol. 34, no. 3, pp. 509-520, Mar. 2009.
[4] R. M. Cuzner and G. Venkataramanan, "The status of dc microgrid protection," IEEE
Industry Applications Society Annual Meeting, pp. 1-8, 5th-9th Oct. 2008
[5] P. Sharma and V. Agarwal, "Exact maximum power point tracking of grid-connected
partially shaded PV source using current compensation concept," IEEE Transactions on Power
Electronics, vol. 29, no. 9, pp. 4684-4692, Sep. 2014.