A movie theater (American English), cinema (British English), or cinema hall (Indian English), also known as a picture house, the pictures, or the movies, is a building that contains an auditoria for viewing films (also called movies) for entertainment. Most, but not all, theaters are commercial operations catering to the general public, who attend by purchasing a ticket. Some movie theaters

1. Cinema Theater
A ​movie theater​ (American English), cinema (British English), or
cinema hall (Indian English), also known as a picture house, the
pictures, or the movies, is a building that contains an auditoria for
viewing ​films​ (also called movies) for entertainment. Most, but not
all, theaters are commercial operations catering to the general
public, who attend by ​purchasing ​a ticket. Some movie theaters,
however, are operated by non-profit organizations or societies that
charge members a membership fee to view films.
The film is projected with a movie projector onto a large projection
screen at the front of the auditorium while the dialogue, sounds and

2. music are played through a number of wall-mounted speakers.
Since the 1970s, subwoofers have been used for low-pitched
sounds. In the 2010s, most movie theaters were equipped for digital
cinem​a projection​, removing the need to create and transport a
physical film print on a heavy reel.
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A great variety of films are shown at cinemas, ranging from
animated films to blockbusters to documentaries. The smallest
movie theaters have a single viewing room with a single screen. In
the 2010s, most movie theaters had multiple screens. The largest
theater complexes, which are called multiplexes—a concept
developed in Canada in the 1950s — have up to thirty screens. The
audience members often sit on padded seats, which in most
theaters are set on a sloped floor, with the highest part at the rear
of the theater. Movie theaters often sell soft drinks, popcorn, and
candy, and some theaters sell hot fast food. In some jurisdictions,
movie theaters can be licensed to sell alcoholic drinks.
Terminology
A​ movie theater​ may also be referred to as a movie theatre, movie
house, film house, film theater or picture house. In the US, theater

3. has long been the preferred spelling, while in the UK, Australia,
Canada and elsewhere it is theatre.
However, some US theaters opt to use the British spelling in their
own names, a practice supported by the National Association of
Theatre Owners, while apart from North America most
English-speaking countries use the term cinema /ˈsɪnɪmə/,
alternatively spelled and pronounced kinema /ˈkɪnɪmə/. The latter
terms, as well as their derivative adjectives "cinematic" and
"kinematic", ultimately derive from Greek κινῆμα,
κινήματος (kinema, kinematos)—"movement", "motion". In
the countries where those terms are used, the word "theatre" is
usually reserved for live performance venues.

4. Colloquial expressions, ​mostly ​applied to motion pictures and
motion picture theaters collectively, include the silver screen
(formerly sheet) and the big screen (contrasted with the smaller
screen of a television set). Specific to North American terms are the
movies, while specific terms in the UK are the pictures, the flicks
and for the ​facility ​itself the flea pit (or fleapit). A ​screening ​room is
a small theater, often a private one, such as for the use of those
involved in the production of motion pictures or in a large private
residence.
The etymology of the term "movie theater" involves the term
"movie", which is a "shortened form of moving picture in the
cinematographic sense" that was first used in 1896 and "theater",
which originated in the "...late 14c., [meaning an] "open air place in
ancient times for viewing spectacles and plays". The term "theater"
comes from the Old French word "theatre", from the 12th century
and "...directly from Latin theatrum [which meant] 'play-house,
theater; stage; spectators in a theater'", which in turn came from
the Greek word "theatron", which meant "theater; the peop
le in the theater; a show, a spectacle", [or] literally "place for
viewing". The use of the word "theatre" to mean a "building where
plays are shown" dates from the 1570s in the English language.

5.
History
Precursors
Movie theatres ​stand in a long tradition of theaters that could house
all kinds of entertainment. Some forms of theatrical entertainment
would involve the screening of moving images and can be regarded
as precursors of film.
In 1799, Étienne-Gaspard "Robertson" Robert moved his
Fantasmagorie show to an abandoned cloister near the Place

6. Vendôme in Paris. The eerie surroundings, with a graveyard and
ruins, formed an ideal location for his ghostraising spectacle.
When it opened in 1838, The Royal Polytechnic Institution in
London became a very ​popular ​and influential venue with all kinds
of magic lantern shows as an important part of its program. At the
main theatre, with 500 seats, lanternists would make good use of a
battery of six large lanterns running on tracked tables to project the
finely detailed images of extra large slides on the 648 square feet
screen. The magic lantern was used to illustrate lectures, concerts,
pantomimes and other forms of theatre. Popular magic lantern
presentations included phantasmagoria, mechanical slides, Henry
Langon Childe's dissolving views and his chromatrope.
The famous Parisian entertainment venue Le Chat Noir opened in
1881 and is remembered for its shadow plays that renewed the
popularity of such shows in France.
Earliest motion picture screening venues
The earliest ​public ​film screenings took place in existing
(vaudeville) theatres and other venues that could be darkened and
comfortably house an audience.
Émile Reynaud ​screened ​his Pantomimes Lumineuses animated
movies from 28 October 1892 to March 1900 at the Musée Grévin in
Paris, with his Théâtre Optique system. He gave over 12,800 shows

7. to a total of over 500,000 visitors, with programs including Pauvre
Pierrot and Autour d'une cabine.
Thomas Edison​ initially believed film screening would not be as
viable commercially as presenting films in peep boxes, hence the
film apparatus that his company would first exploit became the
kinetoscope. A few public demonstrations occurred on 9 May 1893,
before a first public Kinetoscope parlor was opened on April 14,
1894, by the Holland Bros. in New York City at 1155 Broadway, on
the corner of 27th Street. This can be regarded as the first
commercial motion picture house. The venue had ten machines, set
up in parallel rows of five, each showing a different movie. For 25
cents a viewer could see all the films in either row; half a dollar gave
access to the entire bill.
The Eidoloscope, devised by ​E​ugene Augustin Lauste​ for the
Latham family, was demonstrated for members of the press on
April 21, 1895 and opened to the paying public on May 20, in a lower
Broadway store with films of the Griffo-Barnett prize boxing fight,
taken from Madison Square Garden's roof on May 4.
Max Skladanowsky and his brother Emil demonstrated their motion
pictures with the Bioskop in Juli 1895 at the Gasthaus Sello in
Pankow (Berlin). This venue was later, at least since 1918, exploited
as the full-time movie theatre Pankower Lichtspiele and between
1925 and 1994 as Tivol. The first certain commercial screenings by

8. the Skladanowsky brothers took place at the Wintergarten in Berlin
from 1 to 31 November 1895.
The first commercial, public screening of films made with Louis
and Auguste Lumière's Cinématographe took place in the basement
of Salon Indien du Grand Café in Paris on 28 December 1895.
Early dedicated movie theatres
During the first decade of motion pictures, the demand for movies,
the amount of new productions, and the average runtime of ​movies​,
all kept increasing, and at some stage it was viable to have theatres
that would no longer program live acts, but only movies.
In the United States, a lot of small and simple theatres were set up,
usually in converted storefronts. They typically charged five cents

9. for ​admission​, and thus became known as nickelodeons. This type
of theatres flourished from about 1905 to circa 1915.
Claimants for the title of the earliest movie theatre include the Eden
Theatre in La Ciotat, where L'Arrivée d'un train en gare de La Ciotat
was screened on 21 March 1899. The theatre closed in 1995 but
reopened in 2013.
L'Idéal Cinéma in Aniche (France) showed its first film on 23
November 1905, closed in 1977 and re-opened in 1995 as L'Idéal
Cinéma Jacques Tati.
The Korsør Biograf Teater, Denmark, opened in August 1908 and is
the oldest known movie theater still in continuous operation.