This document provides information on various types of alcoholic beverages, including wines, sparkling wines, fortified wines, spirits, liqueurs, and mixers. It discusses different grape varieties and styles of wines, as well as production methods for sparkling wines and characteristics of fortified wines like sherry, port, and muscat. Details are also provided on common spirits like whiskey, rum, gin, vodka, and brandy, and liqueurs are described.

1. PRODUCT KNOWLEDGE
part 2
DEDY WIJAYANTO
Desaign by Dedy Wijayanto 1

2. Slide Title
Desaign by Dedy Wijayanto 2
Red grape varieties:
• Cabernet Sauvignon
• Malbec
• Merlot
• Pinot Noir
• Shiraz

3. Wine
Desaign by Dedy Wijayanto 3
‘Generic’ wines are made to a style:
• Generic white wines:
• Chablis, Hock, Moselle, Riesling, Sauternes,
White Burgundy
• Generic red wines:
• Burgundy, Claret

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‘Blended’ wines:
• Made from two or more
grape varieties
• Creates a unique wine
• May be done to overcome deficiencies in one grape type
• Many excellent wines are blended – blended wines are not
inferior

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‘Sparkling wine’:
• Only sparkling wine form the
Champagne region in France can be
called Champagne
• All other ‘wine with bubbles’ is
‘sparkling wine’
• There are four main production
methods for making sparkling wines

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Methods for making ‘sparkling wine’:
• Méthode champenoise –
the traditional method
• Carbonated (or Injection) method
• Cuvee close (or Charmat, or Bulk, or Tank) method
• Transfer method

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Different styles of Champagnes:
• Non-Vintage (N.V.)
• Vintage
• Rosé
• Crémant
• Blanc de Blancs
• Blanc de Noirs

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Sparkling wines vary in sweetness:
• Driest is called ‘Extra brut’, then they describe increasing levels of
sweetness:
• Brut
• Extra dry
• Sec
• Demi-sec
• Sweetest is called ‘Doux

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Champagne bottle sizes:
• Common/standard – 375 mls & 750 mls
• Magnums – equivalent to 2 x 750 ml bottles
• Jeroboam – 4 bottles
• Rehoboam – 6 bottles
• Methuselah – 8 bottles
• Salmanazar – 12 bottles
• Balthazar – 16 bottles
• Nebuchadnezzar – 20 bottles

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Fortified wine:
• Base wine with added alcohol
• The extra alcohol adds sweetness &
improves the ‘keeping’ quality
• Alc/vol = 17% - 22% range
• Serve size = 60 mls

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Fortified wines include:
• Sherries
• Dry, Medium, Sweet, Cream
• Vermouths
• Ports
• Muscats

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Vermouth:
• White wine infused with various herbs,
spices, flowers, fruits
• Available in:
• Red – ‘rosso’ (sweet): also called ‘Italian’
• White – ‘bianco’ (dry): also called ‘French’
• Used in some mixed drinks & on its own as a pre-dinner drink

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Ports are available in a variety of styles:
• White port – no/less time in contact with grape skins
• Ruby port – blended & bottled young to retain
‘fire’
• Tawny port – called after its colour due to wood
aging
• Vintage port – made from grapes of one specific year: should be consumed with
2 – 3 days of opening
• Liqueur port – tawny port which has been allowed to evaporate through casks to
reduce amount of liquid & concentrate the sugar, colour & flavour

14. Desaign by Dedy Wijayanto 14
Muscat:
• Name can refer to the grape variety or the fortified wine
• Is a red dessert wine
• Also available in ‘Liqueur’ form (similar to liqueur port)

15. Major wine producing countries of the world:
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Spirits:
• There are 5 basic spirits:
• Whiskey
• Rum
• Gin
• Vodka
• Brandy

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Whisky:
• Distilled from grain (barley, rye, maize, cereal)
• There are various sorts:
• Scotch whisky – grain, de luxe, malt
• Common brands = Johhnie Walker
(different colour labels indicate different quality), Chivas,
Haig’s Dimple, Black & White, Teacher’s, Glenfiddich

18. Other whisky product
Desaign by Dedy Wijayanto 18
• Irish whiskey:
• Jameson, Paddy’s, Tullamore Dew
• Bourbon & Rye whiskies:
• Wild Turkey Kentucky Straight Bourbon
Whisky
• Jack Daniels Sour Mash Tennessee
Whiskey
• Jim Beam Kentucky Straight Bourbon

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Rum:
• Distilled from molasses
• Styles:
• Jamaican, Barbados, Trinidad
• Colours:
• Red, clear/white, gold
• Brand names:
• Captain Morgan, Bacardi, Cougar

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‘Proof’:
• Another way of indicating the alcohol content of spirits
• ‘Proof’ figure will be twice the alc/vol figure
• 80 proof means 40% alc/vol

21. Gins
Desaign by Dedy Wijayanto 21
• White spirit with added infusions of various berries & herbs –
juniper, sloe berries, coriander, cardamon, citrus peel
• ‘London Dry Gin ‘ –
most called for type:
• Gordon’s, Tanqueray, Gilbey’s
• Slow Gin – emphasis on sloe berries

22. Vodka
Desaign by Dedy Wijayanto 22
• Made from a base grain or molasses & heavily filtered
• Traditionally not flavoured but recent
vodkas feature infusions of cherries,
pears, cranberries, strawberries, vanilla,
oranges, lemons & other ingredients
• Popular brands – Enistoff, Karloff,
Finlandia, Wyborowa, Smirnoff, Skyy

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Brandy:
• Distilled from grapes
• Widely produced
• Popular brands = St. Remy, Remy Martin, Hennessy
Cognac:
• Must be made in ‘Cognac’ region (France)
• Consumed from Brandy Balloon
• Popular brands = Courvoisier, Remy Martin, Camus

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Tequila:
• Mexican spirit – clear to pale gold in colour
• Made from cactus plant
• May have worm in the bottle
• Popular brands - José Cuervo, El Toro, Coyote

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Service of spirits:
• Double (60 mls), Full nip (30 mls) or Half (15 mls)
• May be in long or short glass
• May be served ‘with’ or ‘without’ ice
• ‘Neat’ = no ice, no water, no mixer
• If patron does not specify, standard industry practice is:
• Ask how they want it
• Use full nip, long glass & ice

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Mixers/soft drink with spirits:
• Gin – tonic water, lemon squash, bitter lemon, lemonade,
orange juice
• Brandy – dry ginger, cola, lemonade
• Whisky – dry ginger, cola, soda water
• Rum – cola
• Vodka – lemon squash, orange juice, tomato juice

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RTDs:
• Stands for pre-mixed ‘Ready-To-Drink’ products
• Available in bottles & cans
• May be spirit-based or wine-based
• Examples include Bacardi Breezers,
Vodka Cruisers, Canadian Club and cola, Jack Daniels and
cola

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Applejack:
• Pot distilled from apples
• May be straight or neutral spirit
Aquavit:
• ‘Water of life’
• Distilled from grain or potatoes – may be flavoured
• Served ice cold – can be stored in a freezer

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Calvados:
• Apple brandy
Eau de Vie:
• ‘Water of life’
• Fruit brandies
• Generally colourless

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Kirsch:
• French cherry brandy
Kirschwasser:
• German or Swiss cherry brandy

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Ouzo:
• Greek national drink
• Aniseed flavour
Pernod:
• Proprietary brand aniseed-flavoured French drink
• Both turn milky in colour when water is added

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Poire Williams:
• French pear brandy
Slivovitz:
• Yugoslavian plum brandy

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Liqueurs:
• Spirits flavoured with a range of ingredients
• ‘Proprietary’ liqueurs = liqueurs made only by one company: Tia Maria, Grand
Marnier, Galliano
• ‘Generic’ = styles of liqueurs made by
many producers: advocaat, crème de
menthe, crème de cacao
• Used in cocktails or served on their own
- may be served ‘flaming’
• Serve size = 30 mls

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Advocaat:
• Thick, yellow egg- & spirit-based
Anisette:
• Sweet anise-flavoured
Bailey’s Irish Cream:
• Whiskey with fresh cream, chocolate &
coffee

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Benedictine DOM:
• DOM = Deo Optimo Maximo
• Golden liqueur with herb flavour
Chartreuse – yellow & green:
• Brandy distilled with herbs
• Yellow Chartreuse is yellow & sweeter
Cointreau:
• Clear orange-flavoured

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Crème de Bananes:
• Sweet & banana-flavoured
Crème de Cacao:
• Sweet liqueur of cocoa & vanilla beans
Crème de Cassis:
• Blackcurrant-flavoured
Crème de Menthe:
• Mint-flavoured – available in green & clear

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Drambuie:
• Scotch whisky with herbs & honey
Grand Marnier:
• Oranges steeped in Cognac
Irish Mist:
• Whiskey infused with heather & honey
Kahlua:
• Coffee-flavoured

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Curaçao:
• Orange-flavoured liqueur
• Blue, orange or colorless
Jagermeister:
• Bitter tasting made from herbs, roots & spices
Kummel:
• Grain spirit flavoured with caraway seeds
Maraschino:
• Cherry liqueur

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Midori:
• Green & melon-flavoured
Parfait d’Amour:
• Highly-scented, violet-colored liqueur
Peach brandy:
• Peaches soaked in brandy
Royal Mint Chocolate:
• Like a liquid ‘after dinner mint’

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Sambuca:
• Anise-flavoured
• Red, black or clear
Strega (‘the witch’):
• Italian herb-flavoured liqueur
Tia Maria:
• Coffee-flavoured
Van Der Hum:
• Brandy with tangerines

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