Question (Uniform Distribition) The uniform distribution is the sim.pdf

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Question: (Uniform Distribition) The uniform distribution is the simplest of the continuous probability distributions. Simplicity is good, but it means that the uniform distri-bution is not a very useful model of how some variables behave. Give an example of a variable whose distribution is likely not uniform, and explain. Solution Height of a person in a group of 100 people behave as a normal distribution. The shape of the graph would be bell shaped curve. It is not a uniform distribution..

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Distinguish between a blastula, a blastomere, a blastopore, and a blastocoel. What happens at the mid-blastula transition in Xenopus? Which pan of the Xenopus blastula becomes the mesoderm? Where does the dorsal lip tissue end up when Xenopus gastrulation is finished? Where does the vegetal pole end up when gastrulation is finished? How is the central nervous system formed? Where does die neural crest come from and What does it become? Solution Answer: 1. The blastula is the whole embryo after the sperm enters and the egg cleaves a bunch of times. It is a ball of cells with a fluid filled cavity called the blastocoel. It contains a hole in the center containing vitellus in it. A blastomere is a type of cell produced by cleavage (cell division) of the zygote after fertilization and is an essential part of blastula formation. The blastopore is the hole forms during gastrulation as cells move from the vegetal pole toward the other side and connects to the ectoderm. The blastopore only refers to the opening at the bottom of the cell. The actual cavity being formed as the cells move within the blastocoel is called the achenteron. 2. Midblastula transition is a stage in the blastula stage of embryonic development in Xenopus during which zygotic gene transcription is activated. 3. The hollow ball, blastula attains a cup like structure with an inner layer of endoderm and an outer layer of ectoderm. This cup-like structure is called a gastrula. The mesoderm is formed when cells begin to form a middle layer between the endoderm and ectoderm. 4. Early on, the dorsal lip of the blastopore forms due to the contraction of bottle cells. The blastopore continues to develop from the early frown until it can be observed as a complete circular ring of involuting cells. Convergent extension closes the blastopore at the yolk plug and elongates the embryo along the anterior--posterior axis.

Distinguish between a blastula, a blastomere, a blastopore, and a bla.pdf

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Compare and contrast an information systems development project in a global setting to one in a single country. Solution A global information system (GIS) is used across one or more national borders. The IS executive has many system development strategies from which to select in satisfying global system requirements. Alternatives to the classical approaches of in-house development, such as outsourcing, and commercial off-the-shelf software (COTS) now include offshore outsourcing and global software development. GIS development poses many challenges. Questions such as: how to get support from subsidiaries, how and who should go about gathering the information requirements from subsidiaries, who should build the system, how to exploit existing applications, what code should be common and what should be local, how many versions of the code are needed, etc. present a wide variety of difficult choices. The choices are not clear-cut and require careful consideration. 2. Global information system development strategies A major problem facing the firm is to identify the acquisition option/development strategy that will maximize the net present value of software acquisition, subject to organizational considerations (e.g. corporate policy and resource availability). Because many strategies are available, the choice is very difficult. In the domestic context, insourced development, package acquisition, and outsourcing are the primary strategies available to companies. Additional alternatives are available to global companies. In the literature, eight GIS development strategies are noted. We added another. The nine strategies are: 1. Development with a multinational design team (MDT) 2. Parallel development (PD) Central development (CD) 3. Core versus local development (CL) 4. Best-in-firm software adoption (BIF) 5. Outsourced custom development (OC) 6. Unmodified package software acquisition (UP) 7. Modified package software acquisition (MP) 8. Joint development with vendor (JDV).

Compare and contrast an information systems development project in a.pdf

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can high level language can use an assembler. Solution High-level language can use as assembler it is termed as a high-level assembler for assembly language that incorporate features found in high-level assembly language.these typically provide instructions that directly assemble one-to-one into low-level machine code as in any assembler.High-level assemblers generally provide information-hiding facilities and the ability to call functions and procedures using a high-level like syntax.these also provide data abstractions normally found in high level languages..

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Briefly describe a mechanim of virus entry into the cells and give one example of a virus that uses that mechanism for cell entry. Solution Enveloped viruses gain entry to cells by use of specific viral proteins that have membrane fusion - inducing properties. for example influenza. Influenza virions bind to sialic acid (also known as N-acetyl neuraminic acid) on the cell surface and are endocytosed. The endocytic vesicles become acidified (pH drops from 7 to around 5), and at this pH, the hemaglutinin (HA) trimers in the influenza envelope undergo a structural transition. At some stage the HA monomer is cut into two polypeptides, HA1 and HA2. When the pH drops to 5, the amino terminal end of HA2 flips \"upward\" from an internal position to become exposed to the aqueous environment. This end of HA2 (called the \"fusion peptide\") is highly hydrophobic, and it interacts with the vesicle membrane and causes the viral envelope and the vesicle membrane to fuse. This fusion event dumps the viral core into the cell\'s cytoplasm..

Briefly describe a mechanim of virus entry into the cells and give o.pdf

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Why are traditional definitions of “interception” problematic when applying them to electronic communications? Solution The solution provided is in accordance to US Cyber law tradationally prior to the passage of the patriot act provided for the collection and/or recording of number diales, in fact, content of communication were specifically precluded by previous legislation whereas Title II of the act specifically provides for the disclosure of communication content,reduce tradational requirement of probable cause, and equates telephone and internet communcations . Glimpse of Title II and Electronic Survellance Section 201 and Section 202 : expanded the authority to intercept wire,orla and electronic communication to crimes of terrorism and computer crimes whereas before this in Patriot Act, law enforcement had access to stores electronic communication but not to stored wire communication. Section 206 amended FISA to provide for roving surveillance in situtations where action of the target may thwart the investigation or identification of persons..

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why is it important for macromolecular cellular structures to be flexible? give an example Solution A macromolecule is a very large molecule, that is fored as a result of polymerisation of smaller units, called monomers. Biomacromolecules are Proteins, carbohydrates, nucleic acids and lipids. Macromolecular cellular structures are the plasma membrane composed of phospholipid bilayer and intermittently suppported by fatty acid molecules to maintain flexibility, so that the proteins and other molecules can pass through the lipid bi layer into and between cells. Cholesterol regulates flexibility with variation in temperature and regulate its resistance to stretching and bending. E.g: fertilization of egg by sperms is an example of the flexibility of the macromolecular cellular structures. leading to the genetic material to be transferred from sprerm to egg and forms a zygote..

why is it important for macromolecular cellular structures to be fle.pdf

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Widgets ’R Us (WRU) is a medium-sized firm specializing in the design and manufacturing of quality widgets. The market for widgets has been stable. Historically, WRU has had a functional organization design with four departments: accounting, sales, production, and engineering. This design has served the company well, and it has been able to compete by being the low-priced company in the industry. In the past three years, the demand for widgets has exploded. New widgets are constantly being developed to feed the public’s seemingly insatiable demand. The average life cycle of a newly released widget is 12–15 months. Unfortunately, WRU is finding itself unable to compete successfully in this new, dynamic market. The CEO has noted a number of problems. Products are slow to market. Many new innovations have passed right by WRU because the company was slow to pick up signs from the marketplace that they were coming. Internal communication is very poor. Lots of information gets kicked “upstairs,” and no one seems to know what happens to it. Department heads constantly blame other department heads for the problems. Question: What structural design changes might be undertaken to improve the operations at the company? Solution WRUs need to follow Project Structure instead of the current structure they are using. When using the project structure the information is faster and teams are able to make any necessary adjustments without the bureaucracy of functional structure. Project managers are in charge to make the decisions and take the projects to the correct path. This structure also benefits from a clearly and defined reporting relationships, current functional structure is managed through a coherent top – down approach Project goals are determinate internally not by an external project owner therefore are better suited to meet departmental needs Project managers are usually experts within their project or unit, they usually have superior skills that help make their job easier and this is exactly what WRU needs, when are market signs someone needs to raise a flag and work on the project, lead the project because it’s an expert on it..

Widgets ’R Us (WRU) is a medium-sized firm specializing in the desig.pdf

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Which of the following entities can be homozygous? (there may be more than one answer) Please explain why A. Cat B. Cell C. Gene D. Allele E. Chromosome Solution ANS: D. Allele and E. Chromosome. Homozygous: A homozygous trait is made up of two of the same alleles, both dominant (TT) or both recessive (tt). The Homozygous condition only applicable these two options (D. Allele and E. Chromosome) in the given question. Allele: An allele is any of the alternative forms of a gene that may occurs at a specific locus. A homozygous can possess two copies of the same allele, while a heterozygote possesses two different alleles. Homologus Chromosome may... Homozygous: both have the same alleles Heterozygous: both have the different alleles.

Which of the following entities can be homozygous (there may be mor.pdf

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Where is the lysosomes locales in the cell Where is the lysosomes locales in the cell Solution Lysosomes are found in nearly every animal-like eukaryotic cell. They are so common in animal cells because, when animal cells take in or absorb food, they need the enzymes found in lysosomes in order to digest and use the food for energy. On the other hand, lysosomes are not commonly-found in plant cells. In an animal cell, lysosomes remain scattered in the cytoplasm..

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Which of the following is the most specific of security documents? A. Procedures B. Standards C. Policies D. Baselines Solution A. A procedure is a detailed, in-depth, step-by-step document that lays out exactly what is to be done. It’s a detailed document that is tied to specific technologies and devices. Standards are tactical documents; policies are high-level documents; and baselines are minimum levels of security that a system, network, or device must adhere to..

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What is the consequence when a chromosome loses its telomeres? Solution Telomeres are DNA-protein complexes that contain short repeat sequences added on to the ends of chromosomes by the enzyme telomerase. Telomeres serve multiple functions, including protecting the ends of chromosomes and preventing chromosome fusion. In humans, telomeres are thought to be maintained in germ line cells, but shorten with age in somatic cells due to the lack of sufficient telomerase activity to compensate for the loss of small amounts of telomeric repeat sequences with each cell division. Telomere shortening in somatic cells is a signal for cell senescence, which involves a permanent cell cycle arrest in G1. Primary human fibroblasts that have lost the ability to senesce continue to show telomere shortening and eventually enter “crisis”, which involves increased chromosome fusion, aneuploidy, and cell death. Usually loss of a telomere is associated with extensive chromosome fusion which can be associated in human epithelial cells failing to senesce and thus entering “agonescence\". Rare cells that survive crisis are invariably those that have regained the ability to maintain their telomeres, either through activation of telomerase or through an alternative mechanism involving recombination. Spontaneous telomere loss has been proposed as an important mechanism for initiating the chromosome instability commonly found in cancer cells. Studies have shown that spontaneous telomere loss in a human cancer cell line initiates breakage/fusion/bridge (B/F/B) cycles that continue for many cell generations, resulting in DNA amplification and translocations on the chromosome that lost its telomere. For a chromosome that lost its telomeres, telomere acquisition during B/F/B cycles occurs mainly through translocations involving either the nonreciprocal transfer or duplication of the arms of other chromosomes. Telomere acquisition also occurs through small duplications involving the sub-telomeric region of the other end of the same chromosome. Although all of these mechanisms stabilized the chromosome that lost its telomere, they differed in their consequences for the stability of the genome as a whole. Loss of a telomere on the donor chromosome due to telomere acquisition also resulted into consequently additional translocations, isochromosome formation, or complete loss of the donor chromosome..

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We usually use when having a conversation with others. left hemisphere right hemisphere both left and right (blank) Solution a. Left hemisphere Humans have two brain hemispheres and these left brain and a right brain are separated into two distinct cerebral hemispheres and are found to be connected by the corpus callosum. But two sides resemble each other and but performs different function and it is the left hemisphere, which is involved in language processing that is the reason why we use left hemisphere while involving in a conversation. So, we can conclude that the left hemisphere deals with the analytical thought (rules, discipline, written, spoken, hearing, logic, abstraction) whereas the right hemisphere will be useful for softer aspects of life (feelings, emotions, visualizing, sensitivity etc).

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The line in the graph shows a relationship between two variables, x and What is the slope of the curve? The slope of the curve is D. the slope is negative, use a minus sign. If the slope is positive, do not use a plus sign. Solution Slope of the curve is tan theeta P/B = -8/2 = -4 Minus sign is used because the line is downward sloping which means when X increases, Y decreases and vice verca i.e. x and y are inversely correlated..

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Radio-frequency identification (RFID) uses electronic tags and labels to identify objects wirelessly over short distances. Discuss. Solution Please follow the data and description : RFID : This is the general abbrevation for the Radio-frequency identification (RFID). This is a regular and the widely used technology to record the presence of an object using radio signals. It is used for inventory control or timing sporting events. This is not a replacement for the process and the detection of the barcoding, but a complement or an substitute for the distant reading of codes apart form the barcoding technique. This technology is used for the automatic detection or an identification of a person, a package or an item based on the context. This is fulfilled with the use of the RFID tags. These are the small transponders that comprises of the combination of a radio receiver and the transmitter as well that will transmit and even used for the identity information over a short distance, when needed. The other piece to make use of RFID tags is an RFID tag reader. An RFID tag is an object that can be applied to or incorporated into a product, animal, or person for the purpose of identification and tracking using radio waves. Some tags can be read from several meters away and beyond the line of sight of the reader. Most tags carry a plain text inscription and a barcode as complements for direct reading and for cases of any failure of radio frequency electronics. Most RFID tags contain at least two parts. One is an integrated circuit for storing and processing information, that is used for the purpose of the modulating and de- modulating a radio-frequency (RF) signal, and other specialized functions. The second is an antenna for receiving and transmitting the signal. Uses : The uses of the tags include the : a) For the use of the objects and the goods in the malls. b) Robbery proof chips to avoid insecure entry for the users. c) Use of the safety products. d) In the stream of the health care. e) Tracking devices. Hope this is helpful..

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psychology! pathology! 1. which of the following is not one of the DSM-5 criteria for defining a psychological disorder? a. cultural \" unexpectedness\" b. personal distress or impairment c. psychological dysfunction d. dysfunction in evolved psychological mechanisms. 2. what was freud\'s view of symptoms? a. symptoms represent distinct neurotic subtypes b. symptoms represent clues to specific psychological disorders c. symptoms represent symbolic expression of conflicts d. non of the above is corret 3. mental states such as creative genius are often neglected aspects of the study of abnormal psychology a. true b. false Solution 1.a. cultural \" unexpectedness\". 2 c. symptoms represent symbolic expression of conflicts . 3.a. true..

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3. What is meant by a differentiated cell? How do cells become differentiated? 4. What are the 3 basic principles of cell theory? Solution 3. What is meant by a differentiated cell? How do cells become differentiated? Differentiation is a process by which an unspecialized cell specializes to do particular function. Example: Cells of bone marrow differentiate into Red blood cells. Generally certain differentiation factors trigger differential gene expression (particular sets of genes are turned on), this provides cell its special characteristics. 4. What are the 3 basic principles of cell theory? All living organisms are composed of one or more cell Cells are the basic unit of structure and organization of all living organisms Cells arise only from previously existing cells, with cells passing copies of their genetic material onto their daughter cells.

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