1) The Arrhenius Theory of acids and bases: Acids are substances which produce hydrogen ions in solution. Bases are substances which produce hydroxide ions in solution. Neutralisation happens because hydrogen ions and hydroxide ions react to produce water. HCl(acid) + NaOH (base) = H2O + NaCl 2) The Bronsted-Lowry Theory of acids and bases An acid is a proton (hydrogen ion) donor. A base is a proton (hydrogen ion) acceptor. H2O (base) + HCl(acid) = H3O^+ + Cl^- 3) The Lewis Theory of acids and bases: An acid is an electron pair acceptor. A base is an electron pair donor. BH3(acid) + NH3(base) = H3B:NH3 (where NH3 donotes one pair of electrons to the empty orbital of BH3 to form H3BNH3 complex.) Solution 1) The Arrhenius Theory of acids and bases: Acids are substances which produce hydrogen ions in solution. Bases are substances which produce hydroxide ions in solution. Neutralisation happens because hydrogen ions and hydroxide ions react to produce water. HCl(acid) + NaOH (base) = H2O + NaCl 2) The Bronsted-Lowry Theory of acids and bases An acid is a proton (hydrogen ion) donor. A base is a proton (hydrogen ion) acceptor. H2O (base) + HCl(acid) = H3O^+ + Cl^- 3) The Lewis Theory of acids and bases: An acid is an electron pair acceptor. A base is an electron pair donor. BH3(acid) + NH3(base) = H3B:NH3 (where NH3 donotes one pair of electrons to the empty orbital of BH3 to form H3BNH3 complex.).

1. 1) The Arrhenius Theory of acids and bases: Acids are substances which produce hydrogen
ions in solution. Bases are substances which produce hydroxide ions in solution. Neutralisation
happens because hydrogen ions and hydroxide ions react to produce water. HCl(acid) + NaOH
(base) = H2O + NaCl 2) The Bronsted-Lowry Theory of acids and bases An acid is a proton
(hydrogen ion) donor. A base is a proton (hydrogen ion) acceptor. H2O (base) + HCl(acid) =
H3O^+ + Cl^- 3) The Lewis Theory of acids and bases: An acid is an electron pair acceptor. A
base is an electron pair donor. BH3(acid) + NH3(base) = H3B:NH3 (where NH3 donotes one
pair of electrons to the empty orbital of BH3 to form H3BNH3 complex.)
Solution
1) The Arrhenius Theory of acids and bases: Acids are substances which produce hydrogen
ions in solution. Bases are substances which produce hydroxide ions in solution. Neutralisation
happens because hydrogen ions and hydroxide ions react to produce water. HCl(acid) + NaOH
(base) = H2O + NaCl 2) The Bronsted-Lowry Theory of acids and bases An acid is a proton
(hydrogen ion) donor. A base is a proton (hydrogen ion) acceptor. H2O (base) + HCl(acid) =
H3O^+ + Cl^- 3) The Lewis Theory of acids and bases: An acid is an electron pair acceptor. A
base is an electron pair donor. BH3(acid) + NH3(base) = H3B:NH3 (where NH3 donotes one
pair of electrons to the empty orbital of BH3 to form H3BNH3 complex.)