Copperhead Snakes Research Paper

Copperhead Snakes Research Paper
Copperhead snakes who are female can reproduce asexually as well as sexually. I think that reproducing asexually is best for the species. Asexual
reproduction is when one parent creates an offspring from themselves. There is no mating or mixing of genetics. Generally, there is no variation from
generation to generation in population. Sexual reproduction is when two parents, a male and a female, create an offspring through sexual reproduction.
While producing sexually would mean that they have different DNA from their parents and therefore wouldn't have any diseases or hereditary issues
passed down I still think asexually is more favorable for the copperhead snakes. Copperhead snakes are targeted because they can pose a threat to
humans and therefore could very likely have their ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
Plus, while the 'bad' traits can be passed down through asexual reproducing the 'good' traits are also passed down. If there is a female snake who
has great predatory skills, health and longevity she will pass that on as well. Producing asexually is very time efficient and requires much less
energy of the snake because there is no need to search for a mate which could put both in danger. If there is a need to quickly have more snakes
asexual is the way to go because its completed in a short amount of time as well as generally with multiple births. Asexual is also better than sexual
reproducing because when a snake asexually reproduces there rarely is any mutation in the DNA because it's being exactly copied. If they sexually
reproduce though there is a chance for anything to happen to the DNA. There is a chance however to get diversity through mutations that can
randomly occur. A mistake can be made and passed down if there is a mistake in mitosis. Mitosis is the copying of the DNA. When these mistakes
occur, it means their traits could be changed making for a better
... Get more on HelpWriting.net ...

Explain How Asexual Reproduction Is Different From Sexual...
1. Explain how asexual reproduction is different from sexual reproduction. Asexual reproduction is different from seucal reproduction because it
reproduces through mitosis which clones the cell and results in the new cells being identical to the parent cell. However, sexual reproduction takes
50% (about) of the chromosomes of each parent to create a new diploid (zygote) which creates genetic variation and could be advantageous to
evolving/natural selection. 2. Explain what happens during crossing over and when it occurs in meiosis. Crossing over occurs in prophase I which is
the first prophase of meiosis. Two chromosomes each from one parent can physically connect and share genetic information (creating a chiasma). As a
result, genetic variation increases. 3. How is metaphase I different from metaphase of mitosis? Metaphase I is different from metaphase of mitosis
because in metaphase I homologous pairs are being separated and pulled to the opposite ends of the cell by microtubules. However, in metaphase of
mitosis, sister chromatids are being separated to opposite ends of the cell. 4. Explain why sexual reproduction increases variation among offspring
much more than asexual reproduction does. Sexual reproduction ensures that the offspring will be a combination traits from both the parents. Some
traits from both parents will be present (hopefully advantageous ones) and some traits will be inactive (disadvantageous ones). This increases variation
because no diploid

How Hermaphrodite Children Should Not Have Gender...
Stage 1 Biology
Issues Investigation – Cells and organisms
Hermaphrodite children should not have gender–assignment surgery as an infant but should rather have the choice to do so as an adult.
Introduction: Believe it or not, hermaphrodites are more common than you would think. But at birth, their parents think they're doing their child a
favour by having them undergo surgery to being just one gender rather than both. Is this justified? Are parents and doctors right to do this to the life
of a child? What about the child's say? Should they be able to choose whether or not if they want to be one gender when they're an adult? Or should
they be forced to live a life as a gender that they may not want to be?
Biological background: If you look ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
The ovarian and testicular tissue may be separate, or the two may be combined in what is called an ovotestis. Affected individuals have sex
chromosomes showing male–female mosaicism (where one individual possesses both the male XY and female XX chromosome pairs). Most often,
but not always, the chromosome complement is 46, XX, and in every such individual there also exists evidence of Y chromosomal material on one of
the autosomes (any of the 22 pairs of chromosomes other than the sex chromosomes). Individuals with a 46, XX chromosome complement usually
have ambiguous external genitalia with a sizable phallus and are therefore often reared as males. However, they develop breasts during puberty and
menstruate and in only rare cases actually produce sperm. In 46, XX intersex (female pseudo hermaphroditism), individuals have male external
genitalia but the chromosomal constitution and reproductive organs of a female. In 46, XY (malepseudohermaphroditism), individuals have
ambiguous or female external genitalia but the chromosomal constitution and reproductive organs of a male, though the testes may be malformed or
absent. (The Editors of EncyclopГ¦dia Britannica, 2015) Hermaphrodites are actually quite common; more often being shown through plants and
animals such as worms, snails and barnacles. (The Editors of EncyclopГ¦dia Britannica, 2015) Most fish also have the ability to change gender over a
course of time.
Points of Views:

Living Things
What Is a Living Thing?
Living things are systems or organisms that tend to respond to changes in their environment and inside themselves, in such a way as to promote their
own continuation and longevity. These are the ones that have the ability to breathe or respire, can move or navigate and consequently have the ability
to multiply. These living things include human beings, plants, insects, animals among others. A living thing is defined as using all of these qualities:
movement, respiration, sensitivity, growth, reproduction, excretion, and nutrition. Only living things, and all living things, have these functions. A
living thing is any organism that displays all the characteristics of life. These include being able to grow and ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
(Except for mules, but don't worry about them, they are a bizarre

Relationship Between Leaf Size And Annual Sex Expression
Relationship between leaf size and annual sex expression in Arisaema triphyllum
VICKY NGUYEN
University of Toronto, Scarborough
Summary
Disparity in cost of reproduction has lead sexually reproducing plants to develop different methods of dealing with the cost of reproduction, an example
of this is sequential hermaphroditism, where an individual can change sex at one point in their life. Jack in the pulpit, Arisaema triphyllum, is a sexually
dimorphic plant that exhibits sequential hermaphroditism, this study looks to see if female A. triphyllum will exhibit the largest leaf sizes due to their
need to meet higher costs of reproduction. Forty individuals were surveyed for sex and largest leaf length per area for 7 different locations within
Morningside ravine. Individuals were analyzed for mean leaf length per sex, and means were analyzed for significance with a 1–way ANOVA
followed by a tukey test. All means were found to be significantly different from each other with the mean of females leaves the largest, followed by
males, and asexual individuals were the smallest. Female individuals of A. triphyllum had the largest leaf sizes to compensate for their elevated costs
of reproduction. The size advantage model explains that that female A. triphyllum will have the largest leaves because female individuals are able to
best meet the costs of reproduction at larger sizes.
Keywords: cost of reproduction, perennial forest herb, reproductive success, sequential

Comparing Asexual Vs. Response To Environment
What is life? A question that sounds simple, but in reality is more complex and could be answered in multiple ways. The focus of this will be
comparing asexual versus sexual reproduction. Also, the evolution and adaptation versus response to environment. And lastly, but not any less
important is homeostasis. Sexual versus asexual reproduction both have benefits and disadvantages. Asexual is the development of a new organism
forming from one parent. When an asexual organism has an offspring their offspring has the same exact genetic material. If the parent were to have a
disease the child would automatically get the disease in their lifetime. An sexual organism has to mate to form and offspring. Usually an sexual
organism has to be a male and female together to produce. To produce a new organism the egg and sperm have to meet. The genetic material would be
mixed when the organism is sexual and not ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
Evolution is the concept that one organism can grow into an adult and develop skills in their environment. Adaptation is a feature that is common in a
population. Adaptation can take in different forms. Behavior of predators or temperatures that functions best. The form of an organism has to adapt to
a new lifestyle changing the way the may have been fated to evolve into. Both adaptation and evolution have in common our an organism that grows
mentally and physically or the environment the species is in.
Homeostasis means in greek same and steady. Homeostasis a habit to want be stable equilibrium of an organism. Homeostasis is needed for survival
of all living organisms. For example humans need to stay a temperature around 98 to keep the body temperature in this area it needs homeostasis to
stay stable. Sometimes the body is not stable for instance when the body runs a fever or gets the chills. Without homeostasis bodies would not be able
to function properly and neither would other

Fertility Rates Of Marine Organisms
The ocean is a vast part of our world. It covers more than seventy percent of the world, and yet so little is truly known about it. One major subject that
is unknown is the way in which marine organisms reproduce. Recently though, new information has been discovered in this area. Humans have learned
about more about the fertility rates of marine organisms, more about the mating rituals of marine organism, more about the reproduction strategies of
marine organism, more about the sexual adaptations of marine organism, and more about the types of birth marine organism. All of this has helped
humans learn more about our world and come a little closer to understanding the last frontier.
The fertility rate of these organisms, as with any ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
Garriga). Fish generally have high fertility rates. This, as stated by Fletcher, is because of their large brood numbers.
Fletcher also identified that the large brood numbers could be used as a reproduction strategy by marine organism. Because fish can lay between
one hundred to one thousand eggs in its brood, surly some must survive to adult hood. There are multiple reproduction strategies that fish apply
when reproducing. Some fish will build nest, some will hide their eggs, and some will carry their eggs with (29).The Copeina arnoldi will jump out
of the water to lay its eggs on overhanging leaves, rocks, and branches. The father will constantly splash water on them to ensure that they do not
dry out (Fletcher).The annual fish will bury its eggs in the mud; moreover after the water dries up and the parent die, the eggs remain until the next
rainy season and hatch (Fletcher 53).To ensure that every possible gamete is used marine organism, such as the horse shoe crab, have large mating
orgies. Other organisms such as sea anemones produce clouds of gametes into the ocean, during a period known as blooming. The mouth brooder is
an example of a fish that carries it offspring with it. The mouth brooder allows its offspring to enter into its mouth until they are too large to fit. If
they stay to close for too long, she may eat them, but if they are separated from them to early she will starve herself (Fletcher).

Unsafe Induced Abortion
1.2RESEARCH QUESTIONS
The guiding research questions for this study include the following:What is the knowledge level of adolescent girls about reproductive health issues
generally?
What is their level of awareness concerning the existence of family planning services?
Is there a link between the knowledge level of adolescent girls about reproductive health issues and the incidence of unsafe induced abortion?
Is there a connection between their level of awareness about family planning services and their usage of these services?Is there a link between the
acknowledge of family planning services and unsafe induced abortion?
1.3 GENERAL AIM OF STUDY
The general aim of this study is to assess the association between the sexual and reproductive health knowledge of adolescent girls and induced abortion
in the study area.
1.4 OBJECTIVES OF STUDY
This study therefore has as its objectives the following:
1.To investigate the general knowledge level of adolescent girls about reproductive health issues.
2.To assess their level of awareness concerning the existence of family planning services.
3.To find out the relationship(if any)between the knowledge level of adolescent girls on reproductive health issues and unsafe induced abortion
4.To establish the relationship between their level of awareness about family services and their usage of these services
5.To ascertain the relationship between their knowledge of family planning services and unsafe induced abortion
1.5

Sexual Reproduction And Mating Systems Essay
Hi all, I just wanted to add information to what has been discussed. In topic 11, we learnt about sexuality (Bingham, Paul M., and Souza J. 2009). A
standout amongst the most intriguing parts of human life is the manner by which we pick our mates. Animals likewise pick their mates, in some cases
with a lot of consideration. Mating systems are critical to comprehend in light of the fact that they mirror the consequence of common choice on mate
decision, and eventually on systems for augmenting individual reproductive success. A mating system depicts how guys and females pair while picking
a mate. Males and females vary extraordinarily in the speculation every makes to reproduce, and may along these lines approach mating with
contrasting procedures. At the point when picking mates, animals develop species–regular systems for amplifying their reproductive success – this
outcomes in significant diversity qualities among animal species in their mating patterns. In particular, sexual reproduction frequently includes
evolutionary differentiation of males and females. Females commonly create fundamentally less gametes (eggs) than males and invest heavily in every
one. Then again, males produce numerous gametes (sperm) and put little into every one. These solid contrasts in gamete investment between the
genders prompts reproductive procedures between the genders that, now and again, struggle. Females may spend more care than males selecting a mate
because of the high cost of their

Female And Male Reproductive Systems
The resources available in this course for the week 3 readings of The Female and Male Reproductive Systems were helpful. The resources were
beneficial and in–depth and provided detailed information about the reproduction process for males and females. The three resources I found helpful
this week in learning about the puberty and the reproduction system were the interactive glossary, anatomical images, and the self–care assessments to
check for any unordinary signs or issues. The resources helped to enhance the learning and provided a better understanding of reproduction for both
genders.
The reproductive process is a natural part of life. It signifies that body is in the process of transforming a girl or boy into young women and men and
eventually into adults. The interactive glossary was a great resource to use for multiple reasons. It contained a dictionary for students to type the word
needed defined and view the meanings as well as show where what part of the Human Sexuality book the term originated. The interactive materials
such as anatomical reviews, interactive reviews, flashcards, resources, links, practical quizzes, self–assessments, and web exercises provide in–depth
knowledge on an important topic.
The anatomical images as well as the text explaining the reproduction process was enlightening. The images identified areas affected during the
reproduction process and anatomical positions of the genital areas as well as different parts of it that play a crucial

Analysis Of Nick Lane's Life Ascending : The Ten Great...
Nick Lane's book, Life Ascending; The Ten Great Inventions of Evolution, published in 2009, is an excellent piece that brings together various
elements of life itself, such as, DNA, photosynthesis and complex cells. However this critique will be based on Chapter 5 of his renown book; Sex –
The Greatest Lottery on Earth. Dr Nick Lane is a biochemist who has won several awards for the research of evolutionary science he has
completed and is known as one of the founding members of the UCL Consortium for Mitochondrial Research. Each of his four books released were a
huge success and he is still respected for his work and research. All in all, Lane is considered as a source that is reputable and it is safe to say that his
current book being... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
Despite all this, the question keeps coming back; why is sexual reproduction still the choice of reproduction or even exist? Why can't all species
reproduce asexually?
Without sexual reproduction in humans, offspring would just not be produced as our species have not evolved to reproduce without the crucial two sex
cells from the male and the female. A process known as chiasmata, the switching of genetic material to create new combinations of chromosomes for
the offspring from the mother and father, is very important as it states that through chiasmata, sex produces greater variation as the recombination
hatches a product that contains genetic information unlike any other, making offspring that natural selection can work with instead of against. This
process also removes harmful mutations throughout generations through the 'recombination' of chromosomes. August Weismann and Darwin agree on
this concept but instead of believing that sex benefits purely the individual, Weismann stated that it was a benefit to the population, as the combinations
of good and bad genes would be made evenly and would cancel any benefits for the individual. However, the benefits would only be seen after several
generations when natural selection eventually eliminates the bad combinations. For example, it is beneficial when a large amount of variation exists
within a population

Dr. Carl Brucker: Why Reproduction In Cattle Work
INTRODUCTION
Why Reproduction Is Important?
Reproduction is perhaps the most important part of life. Without reproduction no organism would be possible to even exist. With sexual reproduction
there are many advantages. Without being able to reproduce an animal cannot carry on there genetics to offspring ending possibly excellent genetics.
Purpose
The purpose of this report is to give basic knowledge about how the male and female reproductive systems in cattle work.
Target Audience
Primarily the target audience for this report is Dr. Carl Brucker. Secondarily for any person that is interested in learning more aboutreproduction in
cattle.
FEMALE REPRODUCTIVE TRACT
The female is perhaps the more complex reproductive system ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
The bull has what is called a fibroelastic penis unlike us humans the penis does not use blood to become erect. Instead, the fibroelastic uses the
sigmoid flexure which in inside the bull and extends out so the penis comes out of the sheath. The driving force behind the controlling the penises
movement in and out of the sheath is called the retractor muscle. Attached to the base of the penis is an accessory sex gland called the prostate
gland. The prostate gland secretes a fluid that protects sperm and also it provides nourishment to the sperm. Another function of the prostate is to
make sure the sperm is forcefully pushed through the urethra and out of the penis. Right next to the prostate lays the seminal vesicle which is a
tube like structure, this makes up 70 percent of the semen content. The semen is very important for sperm; the semen provides a suitable
environment for the sperm to live in. The vas deferens is connected directly to the seminal vesicle and its job is to transport sperm from the testicle
to the urethra. When an animal gets a vasectomy the vas deferens is the tube that is cut, sterilizing the male. Connected directly to the vas deferens

is the epididymis which is made up of three parts and each part carries out a different function. The first part is the head this is the first place that
new sperm produced from the testes enter. At this stage the sperm are not motile and not fertile. The second part of the epididymis is the body, here
the sperm mature and become somewhat motile and fertile. The third and final part of the epididymis is the tail at this point the sperm is fully
matured and the sperm are stored. On average the tail of the epididymis has hold 5–10

The Medical and Ethical Perspectives of Human Cloning Essay
The Medical and Ethical Perspectives of Human Cloning
In our modern day world, the technology of genetic engineering and human cloning for the use of asexual reproduction has reached a point to where
we must ask ourselves if it is a good practice for medical purposes, or if it presents issues of ethical and moral concern. Human cloning is a very
cmplex process; it is very multilayered in the promises and threats that are suggested by scientists (Kolata 8). In the basic definition, cloning is
accomplished by removing the nucleus of a mature, unfertilized egg and replacing it with a specialized cell from an adult organism. The nucleus taken
contains most of the hereditary material from the original human source, and it ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
And then, on February 24, 1997, newspapers around the world reported the successful cloning of a lamb. This lamb, nown as "Dolly," was cloned by
Ian Wilmut and his fellow scientists at the Roslin Institute near Edinourgh, Scotland (Pence: Flesh ix). Even though scientists ssaid this method of
cloning couldn't be applied to humans yet, Bill Clinton asked The National Bioethics Advisory Commission to study the ethical and legal implications
of human cloning (Biomedical: Roleff, ed. 16). They "recommened a three–to–five–year moratorium on human cloning research to give the public time
to debate and examine the issues involved" (Biomedical: Roleff, ed.16). We are still in the midst of this period, and many people in society have been
writing books, responding to the issue in journal articles, and creating web sites that discuss and debate the pro's and con's of human cloning. The
Council for Secular Humanism has written the "Declaration in Defense of Cloning and the Integrity of Scientific Research," and is broadcasting it on
the Internaet. There are many arguments for and against it. Some interesting arguments revolving around the debate for and against human cloning are
the use of cloning for asexual reproduction, basic human rights, and its use for gene therapy. All of these arguments have a group of people from all
realms in society that use the arguments to support human cloning, and a group of people that use them to show that

Pipefish Sexual Selection
Throughout decades, sexual selection has been acknowledged in the explanation of evolutionary patterns. With research, we have had the opportunity
to study species of animals like the Syngnathidae family. Animals that are included in this category include pipefish, seahorses, and sea dragons. This
species is known for their sex role reversal, meaning that the male fertilizes and carries the eggs during incubation after the female has laid them. When
we look more specifically at the pipefish, it is found that males are left with most of the parenting and care for the offspring. As the male carries its
eggs, it supplies them with nutrients and oxygen through the placenta. During pipefish copulation, the female transfers her eggs through a small ... Show
more content on Helpwriting.net ...
Within the species, water temperature was found as a factor in sexual selection and embryonic development. Rispoli and Wilson (2008) stated that " the
influence of temperature on reproduction is expected to effectively truncate the breeding season and reduce fecundity in cold waters, potentially
enhancing the opportunity for both fecundity and sexual selection" (31). Pipefish were sampled from population in the European coast. Males
were defined as mature when they had developed their brood pouch and females were considered mature when they were able to carry mature
eggs. In comparison to the prior studies mentioned, over fifty percent of males would mate with as many as five males. Females from this area
produced fewer eggs than the ales were able to brood and therefore male would mate with other females to fill their pouch. It was also found that
males had an increased brood size where water temperatures during their breeding season were lower. In colder temperatures, the duration of the
embryo incubation is increased, making it difficult for males to carry a succeeded amount of eggs during a season. It is clear that water temperature
has an effect of

Asexual Reproduction Is Common Among Living Things
Asexual reproduction is a style of reproduction which offspring are formed by a single organism, and inherit the genes of one parent only; unlike
sexual reproduction, which requires the genes from two parent organisms in order to create an offspring, asexual reproduction occurs when a single
organism. This causes the offspring to almost a duplicate of the one parent it inherits its genes from. Asexual reproduction is done externally and it
commonly used by sea creatures like seahorses, Parthenogenesis, Copperheads, coral, sea anemones and starfish. It is also used in some plants like for
example strawberries, potatoes and onions. And it is used by decomposers like fungi and bacteria. Asexual reproduction is common among living
things and takes a variety of forms.
Vegetative propagationDescriptionExamples
LignotuberA starchy, woody swelling of the root crown which some plants have adapted it provides protection against destruction of theplant stem,
such as by fire, it also serves to help contain water for very dry conditions. The crown contains buds from where new stems sprout from, it also acts as a
container which stores of starch, that can support a period of growth in the absence of photosynthesis. It is found commonly in Australian flora, in
resilience to the high possibility of bush fires that occur annually and the high humidity and heat rates.In Australia this feature is found in the eucalyptus
tree, marginata(Jarrah), most mallees, and many Banksia species.

The Advantages Of Asexual And Sexual Devices
Both asexual and sexual reproduction results in offspring with [think of good topic sentence. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .]. Asexual reproduction results
in offspring with identical genetic information, and sexual reproduction results in offspring with genetic variation.
Asexual reproduction is a type of reproduction that creates uniform offspring. Asexual reproduction occurs mainly in single–celled organisms
(organisms with one cell), and in a few multicellular organisms (an organism with more than one cell). Two examples of single–celled organisms are
bacteria and amoeba. Bacteria is a single–celled organism forming one of the three domains of life. Amoeba is a single–celled animal that catches food
and moves about by extending fingerlike projections of protoplasm. Asexual reproduction requires one parent, and the ... Show more content on
Helpwriting.net ...
One advantage of sexual reproduction is that it creates offspring with a high genetic variability. This will increase the diversity of species and the
ecosystem since the offspring is diverse. For example, female lions give birth to about one to five cubs, and all the cubs are genetically different.
This will increase the diversity of lions. Whereas asexual reproduction produces offspring that has the same genetics as its parent, which lowers the
diversity rate of organisms. Another advantage of sexual reproduction is better agriculture. This is because selective breeding can apply to sexually
produced organisms. Selective breeding when parent organisms are chosen to mate, which produces more desirable and better plants and animals. An
example of selective breeding is corn. Corn used to be much smaller, and had fewer rows of kernels, however, farmers saved kernels from good plants
and planted them to create more desirable plants like corn, leading better agriculture. Asexual organisms don't reproduce sexually, so they can't go
through selective

Pregnancy And Its Effects On Children
abortion annually (Negedu, 2011). pregnancies are either mistimed or unwanted among adolescents. Studies in the past have Indicated that, lack of
adequate sexual and reproductive health knowledge may possibly represent a key factor preventing the complete elimination of unwanted pregnancies,
and unsafe induced abortion among adolescent girls in Nigeria. According to Ipas(2005) unplanned pregnancies are the result of various factors,
including lack of knowledge about menstruation and pregnancy, lack of access to, and knowledge about how to use contraceptives; difficulties in
using contraceptives because of a partner's or family objections; contraceptive failure; and sexual assault. Also, adolescents may more often delay
seeking care for abortion–related complications due to lack of transportation, lack of knowledge about where post abortion care can be obtained, fears
of censure from their parents and health–care providers, fear of legal repercussions, or lack of money to pay for services (Ipas, 2005). This may be
particularly so in rural communities where access to basic in frastructural facilities remain low and inadequate
1.2RESEARCH QUESTIONS
The guiding research questions for this study include the following:What is the knowledge level of adolescent girls about reproductive health issues
generally?
What is their level of awareness concerning the existence of family planning services?
Is there a link between the knowledge level of adolescent girls about

Reflection On Personal Development
When I evaluate my school year, many things come to mind. I think about friend. i think about the highs and lows. I also think about how much I
grew. My 7th grade year at CMS was full of concepts learned, memorable experiences, and personal growth. Some concepts i learned were . In
Mrs.sanchez 5th period class we learned about sexual reproduction with grasshoppers. We learned about the genes and what sexualreproduction means.
Sexual reproduction means a genetic material from 2 parents combined to make a new organism. And also meiosis–sperm an egg during chromosomes
the pairs separate. A fun memory I had these days we're working with my group and they would think it was weird everytime they say sexual
reproduction.we also learned that chromosomes theory of inheritance genes are carried from parents to their offspring on chromosomes. A question
me and my group had was why do they travel in pairs? we never answered it. We also learned about mendel's work. Mendel's work showed that the
dominant alleles don't come up as present when another is present. Each human has 23 chromosomes. And grasshoppers have 24 chromosomes which
is just 12 pair. Some more questions my group had was do other insects have more chromosomes? And can more than half of a parent's chromosomes
go to its offspring? And before we started we had to write down a question and it was what is mendel's work? sutton hypothesize that chromosomes
were the key to understanding how offspring have traits similar to

Aritotle: Thoughts and Philosophies Essays
ARISTOTLE
In 384 BC, Nicomachas and Phaestas experienced the birth of their son, Aristotle, in a small town on the north east coast of the peninsula of Chaldice
called Stagira. Descendent of a medical family, Aristotle would pursue studies in physical science, biology, psychology, chemistry, zoology,botany,
mechanics, mathematics, and many more. You name it, and Aristotle studied it. He was also interested in the search for knowledge. (Aristotle,Barnes
PG. 2). A quote of his states– " the acquisition of wisdom is pleasant; all men feel at home in philosophy and wish to spend time on it, leaving all other
things aside." In this quote Aristotle uses the word Philosophy, not as a means of gathering academic knowledge but as a means to... Show more content
on Helpwriting.net ...
Perceptual observations are the grounds by which our concept of reality exists. Another quote from Aristotle backing this point says, "If we do
not perceive anything, we will not learn or understand anything, and whenever we think of anything we must at the same time think of an idea".
(Aristotle Barnes Pg 58). Man perceives facts. If one looks at a purple object and thinks this is purple he will most often be correct. However, if one
says this is a purple rose, he has a greater chance of being incorrect. The color purple is a particular fact, easy to perceive (with the exception of
those who are color blind), however the flower said to be a rose can be misperceived. Aristotle says a group of similar perceptions, or memories, turn
into experiences, which are close to knowledge. Knowledge is achieved when we understand why the rose is purple or, in another words, why the
experience occurred. (Aristotle Barnes Pg 58 – 60).
Aristotle spent a lot of his time on biology and psychology. He believed that studying one meant studying the other. He was skilled in the art of
dissection, which he probable learned from his father. He dissected over 50 different types of animals. Although he never dissected a human body, he
did dissect human embryos. (Aristotle Ross Pg 113).
Aristotle was the first to collect information from the animal kingdom, and the first to classify them. There are three levels

Asexual Reproduction Vs. Desert Grasslands Whiptail Lizard
Asexual or Sexual Reproduction There are many methods of reproduction, but the two main methods are sexual and asexual, but which one is more
efficient or beneficial. Sexual reproduction is the fusing of two gametes to produce an offspring. This form of reproduction is used by a lot of
organisms, including us. Asexual reproduction is reproduction that only involves one parent. ("Pros and cons of sexual and asexual reproduction"). I
am going to focus on asexual reproduction and the Desert Grassland Whiptail Lizard. This unique lizard uses asexual reproduction. Asexual
reproduction is better for this species of lizards because it only requires one parent, it is less risky, and the population is only female.
The Desert Grasslands Whiptail Lizard

A Comparison between Asexual and Sexual Reproduction
Reproduction Research Assignment Sac 5
PART 1 : Asexual vs. Sexual Reproduction [ 4 marks ]
– Discuss the differences between, and the advantages and disadvantages of sexual and asexual reproduction :
SEXUAL REPRODUCTION
Sexual Reproduction is the formation of a new organism from two parents usually, and involves the joining of gametes [ e.g.sperm, pollen, egg] to form
a single cell called a zygote [ or fertilised egg ]. The offspring are similar, but not identical to the parents. Sexually Reproductive organisms include
mammals, most reptiles, and flowering plants. ADVANTAGES
There is greater genetic variation of the offspring and therefore, greater chance of survival in changing environments. Asexual Reproduction is the
process by ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
The sperm she receives is stored in a little pouch connected to the genital tract and closed off by a muscular valve. Whether or not she chooses to
release the sperm to fertilise her eggs, and create female bees is her choice. Otherwise, only male drones are hatched.
PART 2 : Structure And Function [ 6 marks ]
– This section must include 3 labelled diagrams of the human male reproductive system, female reproductive system and the reproductive system of a
flower.
PARTS OF THE MALE REPRODUCTIVE SYSTEM
TESTIS –
There are two testes situated in a sac called the scrotum. Due to the testes needing an optimum temperature for sperm production, the sac is located
outside the body. This is because the core body temperature is far too warm to keep producing healthy sperm. EPIDIDYMIS–
This stores the large numbers of sperm until they are ejaculated out through the penis. In these two ducts, sperm complete their maturation. SPERM
DUCT/VAS DEFERENS–
The sperm duct, or vas deferens transport sperm from the testes to the urethra. SEMEN–PRODUCING GLANDS –
Semen is the fluid produced to protect the sperm from dehydration and the acidic environment of the female vagina after sexual intercourse. Semen

allows the sperm to swim more easily. URETHRA–
This is the tube that normally carries urine from the urinary bladder. When semen containing sperm is ejaculated, it also travels out through the urethra,
but the

Reproduction In Brave New World
Reproduction Throughout the course of history, reproduction has been a vital part of all living organisms. To most living things, reproduction is the
only purpose of their existence and if they do not reproduce, they have not reached their goal in life. Humans are the first animal to break this rule. In
reality, humans live to be successful and happy and this defines their life instead of reproduction. In the novel Brave New World by Aldous Huxley, the
author portrays reproduction as something that is prohibited and something that will only happen in a laboratory. In the story, people are being
produced with the "Bokanovsky's Process". This process is done by splitting one egg into different 96 different eggs essentially creating 96 different ...
Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
It is also stated in the story that viviparous birth is strictly prohibited and should not ever be performed. Huxley is trying to make a statement that
people are slowly neglecting the importance of reproduction and in the future there will be less of viviparous birth and more artificial birth. Huxley is
also making a statement that technology is changing the way humanity functions. The intelligence of humanity is backfiring causing people to decline
in their awareness in the world. Technology is so advanced that it is changing how humanity functions. Huxley makes a statement of where the future
of humanity is going if it keeps going do the same path. As stated in the previous paragraph, all living organisms in existence reproduce. From the
smallest single–celled organisms to the largest mammals on Earth, the goal of living things has been to reproduce. Humans have violated this rule.
Reproduction is important and should be kept as a human trait unlike what Huxley is portraying reproduction to be in the future. Initially, reproduction
is what keeps humans an animal if reproduction was like it was portrayed in the novel, than there is nothing that defines humans as human. Humanity
will no longer have the traits of humanity because

Disadvantages Of Exotic Animals
Owning a pet is a very good thing. They can make you happy when you're down or keep you company on lonely nights. There are several benefits
of owning a pet, but what about animals that not your usual dog or house cat, and instead are animals ranging from tigers, to bears, to primates, and
even elephants. Keeping an exotic/wild animal as a pet can be harmful to both the pet and the owner. Exotic animals are difficult to care for; some
require large areas to live in, which the average person doesn't have and they can have very big appetites. If the animal gets free, it could harm and
even kill its owner and others in the house. Owners might not be able to get the right food for them, the animals can bring new diseases into the area.
If set free,... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
While this does make sense it can still be very dangerous, because if something bad happens there might not be anyone around that help. Also,
even if they care for the animal's needs, if the animal gets sick, there is a very small chance that any local veterinarian will be able to help. The
only place that exotic animals should be in captivity is in a zoo or other institutions that have the right people to care for the animals. These places
have several professionals that are experts on caring for these animals and have protocols in place if anything bad happens. Owning an exotic
animal as a pet is a very bad idea and is not something that people should do. They can be extremely difficult to care for because of their diet,
environmental needs, and social structure. When they grow up they become more aggressive and dangerous. If they escape or are released into the
wild they can pose a serious threat to humans and themselves. Moreover, they can wreak havoc and cause irreversible damage to the ecosystem if
they don't have any animals that hunt them. They are wild animals and belong in to be left in the wild, or in a zoo where they can be given the proper

Animal Cloning : A Major Form Of Assisted Animal Reproduction
Animal cloning has recently become a major form of assisted animal reproduction. Cloning is used on farms to reproduce the healthiest animals in an
effort to increase production of healthy foods. In 1986, Steen Malte Willadsen was the first to publish details about the first mammal born through
nuclear transfer cloning. Scientists support this because they believe that the use of cloning is evolutionary and is leaving a positive impact on the
world. Although discoveries are still being made with this process, it continues to raise many questions in the public, causing it to become a highly
controversial topic. There are many that question the ethics of this practice, and wonder how the laws come into play with its legality. By presenting
the facts regarding animal cloning, one can decide how they feel about the topic in terms of science, ethics, and laws. The first argument being made is
in support of animal cloning for scientific purposes. "Application possibilities of cloning in research, industry and agriculture are theoretically almost
limitless" (Vajta, 2006). As a whole, the technology used in scientific research is constantly improving and furthering possibilities. Currently, there are
two categories of animal cloning: biomedical and agricultural. From a scientist's perspective, biomedical cloning could improve the understanding of
biological expression of genes during development and differentiation, which could benefit the reproduction of human species later on in

Reflection On Child Development
When i evaluate my school year many things come to mind i think about friends,i think about the highs and lows, i also think about how much i grew.
my 7th grade year at cms was full of concepts learned,memorable experiences, and personal growth.
Concepts learned. In mrs.sanchez 5th period class we learned about sexual reproduction with grasshoppers. We learned about the genes and what sexual
reproduction means. Sexual reproduction means a genetic material from 2 parents combined to make a new organism. And also meiosis–sperm an egg
during chromosomes the pairs separate. A fun memory i had these days we're working with my group and they would think it was weird everytime
they say sexual reproduction.we also learned that chromosomes theory of inheritance genes are carried from parents to their offspring on
chromosomes. A question me and my group had was why do they travel in pairs? we never answered it. We also learned about mendel's work.
Mendel's work showed that the dominant alleles don't come up as present when another is present. Each human has 23 chromosomes. And
grasshoppers have 24 chromosomes which is just 12 pair. Some more questions my group had was do other insects have more chromosomes? And can
more than half of a parent's chromosomes go to its offspring? And before we started we had to write down a question and it was what is mendel's
work? sutton hypothesize that chromosomes were the key to understanding how offspring have traits similar to those of the

The Wisdom Of Repugnance : Why We Should Ban Essay
Thesis Statement I will argue against the three main reasons Kass labels cloning as a perversity in his article "The Wisdom of Repugnance". I will be
demonstrating that strong moral feelings do not necessarily indicate whether an action is right or wrong.
An Argument Against Kass's "The Wisdom of Repugnance: Why We Should Ban theCloning of Humans"
Society has much to gain from the science of cloning. It is a way to extend reproductive rights so that a parent can have any child of their choosing.
Also, it will free women from having to have a sexual partner to have a child, provide infertile couples a way to reproduce, allow parents affected by
the death of a child to reproduce, and allow homosexual men and women a way to reproduce without involving the opposite sex. Cloning will also
provide a way to enhance the health of our society, understand the causes of spontaneous abortion, create new ideas for contraceptives, and minimize
the risk of genetic diseases that comes with sex (Stefan 7–8). It is a way to replace a loved one that has passed away and a way to obtain organs and
tissues needed for transplantation. Cloning will also provide the opportunity to replicate people with much talent (Kass 686).
In his paper, Kass claims that cloning would cause an "utter confusion of social identity and kinship ties" for both clones and non–clones. For example,
with kinship ties, if a man was cloned and considered the child to be his "son" it is possible that the "son" would want to

Sordaria Finicola Lab Report
Genetic Variation in Sordaria Finicola
Introduction:
The purpose of the Sordaria Lab was to explore the affects of genetic variation caused by meiosis and to record how sexual reproduction] affects
the amount of crossing over in certain strains of Sordaria Fimicola. These organisms are ascomycetes and are also known as sac fungi. This is
because the shape of their asci is in the form of a sac; inside each sac there are structures called ascospores. It is these structures, ascospores, where
genetic variation that arises from crossing over is easily seen (Davidson). The organism Sordaria Fimicola is a good example of this process because it
is easy to grow on agar plates and because they are easy to be seen when looked at through a ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
Record the two strains that the group is given in your notebook.
* * * * * * * * * * *
After the agar plate is set up it should look like Figure 3 below. This is an example of the Tan and Wild Type set up. The Gray and Wild type set up will
look the same. Figure 3 (Sordaria Genetics...).
After two weeks of incubating, we followed the steps below to examine the Perithecium Squashes (Sordaria Genetics...).
The prepared squashes looked like the figure below when looked at under the microscope.
Figure 4 (Sordaria Genetics...):
Each group member is expected to locate and count twenty asci and record their data in the tables. All the data will be gathered together from all the
students in the course. This data will then be used to calculate the cross over frequencies between the two types. This can be calculated by using the
formula Type B or C/Total number of asci. Then the frequency of recombination will be calculated from the data using the formula ((Type B+ Type C)
/total number of asci). And finally the map distance will be calculated for both the tan spore and the gray spore by using the formula (Percent Cross over
/2).
Results:

Table 1: Combined Course Data (Tan Spore Color)
Number of Type A Asci (4:4)| Number of Type B Asci (2:4:2)| Number of Type C Asci (2:2:2:2)| Total Number of Asci| 5669| 4301| 3976| 13946|
Table

Differences And Characteristics: The Evolution Of...
The Evolution of Hermaphroditism
The diversity of animals is astounding, with different characteristics exhibited across extant species. Despite the vast differences, all animals share a
fundamental similarity, and that is the need to reproduce to ensure perpetuation of their own kind, albeit with different methods of reproduction.
Animals that diverged early from other groups, namely sponges from Phylum Porifera, are mostly hermaphroditic with individuals having both male
and female reproductive organs. As animals increase in complexity and evolutionary trends lean towards cephalisation, most bilaterians develop a head
where sensory organs are concentrated (Solomon et al., 2010). This allows active searching for suitable mating partners by facilitating locomotion and
a greater awareness of their surrounding ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
Hence, gonochoric bilaterians with separate sexes in different individuals eventually became more ubiquitous than hermaphroditic bilaterians. Yet,
hermaphroditism still occurs in certain bilaterians as this condition provides them with a higher chance of reproduction and passing on genes to their
offspring before death, especially if finding suitable mates could pose a challenge due to population density, size and mobility constraints, and
environmental conditions of their habitats. Thus, this essay aims to discuss three reasons for the occurrence of the hermaphroditic condition amongst
certain bilaterians (using examples of animals from phyla Mollusca, Annelida and Platyhelminthes), and explain with evaluation the possible roles that
hermaphroditism provides. Table 1 gives a brief description on the hermaphroditic reproduction process amongst the bilateria, and would be referred to
in

A Sexual Reproduction
ASEXUAL REPRODUCTION
Asexual reproduction is a mode of reproduction by which offspring arise from a single parent, and inherit the genes of that parent only; it is
reproduction which does not involve meiosis, ploidy reduction, or fertilization. The offspring will be exact genetic copies of the parent. A more
stringent definition is agamogenesis which is reproduction without the fusion of gametes. Asexual reproduction is the primary form of reproduction for
single–celled organisms such as the archaea,bacteria, and protists. Many plants and fungi reproduce asexually as well.
While all prokaryotes reproduce asexually (without the formation and fusion of gametes), mechanisms for lateral gene transfer such as conjugation,
transformation and ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
Plants that reproduce vegetatively may form a clonal colony, where all the individuals are clones, and the clones may cover a large area.
SPORE FORMATION
Many multicellular organisms form spores during their biological life cycle in a process called sporogenesis. Exceptions are animals and some
protists, who undergo gametic meiosisimmediately followed by fertilization. Plants and many algae on the other hand undergo sporic meiosis where
meiosis leads to the formation of haploid spores rather than gametes.
FRAGMENTATION
Fragmentation is a form of asexual reproduction where a new organism grows from a fragment of the parent. Each fragment develops into a mature,
fully grown individual. Fragmentation is seen in many organisms such as animals (some annelid worms, turbellarians and sea stars), fungi, and plants.
Some plants have specialized structures for reproduction via fragmentation, such asgemmae in liverworts.
AGAMOGENESIS
Agamogenesis is any form of reproduction that does not involve a male gamete. Examples are parthenogenesis and apomixis. Parthenogenesis is a
form of agamogenesis in which an unfertilized egg develops into a new individual. Parthenogenesis occurs naturally in many plants, invertebrates (e.g.
water fleas, rotifers, aphids, stick insects, some ants, bees and parasitic wasps), and vertebrates (e.g. some reptiles, amphibians, fish, very rarely birds).

REGENERATION
In biology, regeneration is the process of renewal,

The Dilemma Of The Chicken And Egg Dilemma
The chicken and egg dilemma
Many of you will be aware of the famous dilemma of the chicken and the egg – which came first? For those of you who aren't aware, essentially this
has been a question in philosophical thought for many centuries. The question asks, how can the first chicken have come from an egg when that egg
would have had to have been laid by a chicken, and how can the first egg have come from a chicken when that chicken would have had to have been
hatched from an egg? Thus, the dilemma of which came first, the chicken or the egg? Evolutionary theory believes it has answered this question. It
surmises that the foetuses in eggs laid by previous ancestors of the chicken would have undergone the necessary mutations in order to eventually ...
Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
The intermediate (morphologically significantly different) creatures between species are listed as the number variants on Figure 11. For example, in
the dog species we could hypothetically consider the first dog as creature d1 and the American Bulldog (one of the most recent dog breeds to come
into existence) as d5 which is then going to go on to develop a new species e (obviously this has not happened [yet?!]). The higher the number, the
closer the creature is to becoming the next species. For example, creature b7 is close to becoming a new species (species c). Remember, this is only a
hypothetical depiction for explanation purposes – in evolutionary theory it is presumed there would be many, many more intermediate creatures
between the two distinct species, but for purposes of our explanation, this makes no difference. Now, species differentiation can be clearly separated by
an objective and binary measurement, namely the ability to reproduce. Either you can reproduce with another creature or you cannot – there is no
in–between whereby you can partially reproduce with them. If you are the same species, you can reproduce; if you are different species, you
cannot reproduce. Obviously, it is clear to see that creature b7 is still a member of the b species and therefore technically should be able to
reproduce with any member of the b species all the way down to creature b1. However, the morphological differences between b1 and b7 are going
to be much greater than that between b7 and c1, meaning it makes no sense why b1 and b7 can reproduce but b7 and c1 cannot. You cannot say the
theoretical ability to reproduce gradually reduces as species get more advanced and get closer to becoming the next species – this would be
non–sensical. Similarly, we cannot say that creature b7 can reproduce with creature c1 as this would defy the principal that different species cannot
reproduce. So, there is this strange

Sexual Swellings And Reproduction Of Female Baboon
Sexual Swellings/Reproduction The female baboon has a menstrual cycle just like human females have (Alberts et al., 2015; Altmann et al., 2015;
Fitzpatrick, 2015). While the human menstrual cycle lasts for 5–7 days, the baboon's menstrual cycle will last up to 35 days (Alberts et al., 2015;
Altmann et al., 2015; Fitzpatrick, 2015). When estrus approaches, the female baboon will develop large swellings on or near the vulva, perineum, and
anus (Alberts et al., 2015; Altmann et al., 2015; Fitzpatrick, 2015). These swellings attract males, and plenty of baboon males will compete for that
female (Alberts et al., 2015; Altmann et al., 2015; Fitzpatrick, 2015). This competition can become very violent, and whoever wins the competition,
reproduction will begin between him and that female (Alberts et al., 2015; Altmann et al., 2015; Fitzpatrick, 2015).
The most dominant male will mate with most estrous females (Alberts et al., 2015; Altmann et al., 2015; Fitzpatrick, 2015). After ovulation is over,
the female's swellings rapidly decrease (Alberts et al., 2015; Altmann et al., 2015; Fitzpatrick, 2015). That female will no longer be attracted to
males, and will care for herself and her young (Alberts et al., 2015; Altmann et al., 2015; Fitzpatrick, 2015). After six months, one infant is born
(Alberts et al., 2015; Altmann et al., 2015; Fitzpatrick, 2015). The young baboons are mainly black in color (Alberts et al., 2015; Altmann et al., 2015;
Fitzpatrick, 2015).
Birth and Breeding

Textbook Answers: The Cost Of Sexual Production
Textbook Answers 1.The cost of sexual production; a. Asexually reproducing populations grow at twice the rate of sexually reproducing
populations. This is because every asexual organism has a potential of giving birth however, in sexual populations the male gender cannot reproduce.
b. There can be a genetic cost; by reproducing sexually, successful combinations of genes have to divide. c. Sexual requires courtship and mating;
spending energy searching for a partner increases the risk of injury or death. This can be in the form of physical conflict with competition or a
predator. d. There is a possibility of sexually transmitted diseases. The benefits of sexual production; a. Sexual populations can evolve faster, however
asexual populations

The Pros And Cons Of Reproduction Of Art
Reproduction
Reproduction of art is something that has been done throughout history. As technology advances, so does the way that people reproduce art. From
early ages to current times the reproduction of art has had a varying opinion as to whether it should or should not be done. Some groups believe that
art should be kept in a small elite community. They are the ones who believe art should not be reproduced and spread throughout the world. On the
other hand, there are those who believe art is meant to be seen by everyone. This group believes art should be reproduced so that the masses have an
equal opportunity. Time has improved technology, which has aided the ability to reproduce art.
Art has been recreated in many ways over the ages. In the past, the main means of recreating would have been to be in front of the original and
then to attempt to make an identical copy. The downside is that there would always be some flaw or difference. On the positive side, this would still
allow far more people to view it. Overtime as technology advanced we have developed new ways to reproduce art. The next major jump in
technology lead us to the invention of the camera. The camera allowed someone to take a picture of the original, which was far more accurate version of
reproduction. The camera also allowed people to create multiple prints of the photo, meaning a greater amount of people could to view the image.
Berger did not care for what the camera has done for art as he suggests "The uniqueness of every painting was once part of the uniqueness of the
place where it resided." (Berger,114) Technology has advanced even further since John wrote this literature, but I believe he would be even more
disgusted by digital media. With digital media, we are capable of spreading an image across the world in seconds, and anyone can view it.
John Berger makes a numerous amount of remarks in 'Ways of Seeing' towards what the reproduction of art has done to the art community. As Berger
expresses his opinion in his essay, he states "What the modern means of reproduction have done is to destroy the authority of art and to remove it."
(Berger, page 126) This makes it clear that Berger is against the reproduction of art. This connects him

The Role of Hermaphrodites in Society Essays
The Role of Hermaphrodites in Society
In Ruth Gilbert's At the Border's of the Human, she discusses society's interest in hermaphrodites in terms of "people's desire to examine, scrutinize,
and display objects which are alien, strange and other" (6). The anomalous and bizarre spectacle of the hermaphroditic body has drawn the focus of
scientists since the early sixteenth century. Hermaphrodites have long evoked a "mixture of disgust and desire, and fear and fascination"(Gilbert 150)
that has led to their position as objects of scientific scrutiny. As defined by Random House Webster's College Dictionary, a hermaphrodite is "an
individual in which reproductive organs of both sexes are present". Besides hermaphrodites challenging ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
In an attempt to give the abnormality of a hermaphrodite a reason, or cause for existence, the Myth of Hermaphroditus was created. In Book IV of
The Metamorphoses as told by Ovid, the son of Hermes and Aphrodite travels to a wonderfully beautiful lake in Caria. There heencounters the nymph
of the lake, Salmacis, who falls desperately in love with him. To her dismay, she is rejected after an attempt to capture his love. The next day, as
Hermaphroditus is swimming in the lake, Salmacis dives in and clings to his body, praying to the gods that their bodies never be separated again.
Granting her wish, the gods join their bodies into a single being as they sink to the bottom of the lake (Brisson 42). Thus, the name Hermaphrodite is
given to persons with both sex organs.
In Third sex, Third Gender, Gilbert Herdt states that the criteria of a hermaphrodite defines "a symbolic niche and a social pathway of development
into later adult life distinctly different from the cultural life plan set out by a model based on male/female duality" (68). He insists that hermaphrodites
defy the norm of society in not just a physical way, but culturally. The impact of this gender differentiation is a "victory of nature over culture" and a
"triumph of the third sex" (Herdt 68). To illustrate the torment and humiliation hermaphrodites faced prior to their societal acceptance, is the following
story of a

Essay on The Trouble With Ambiguous Genitalia
The Trouble With Ambiguous Genitalia
In trying to decide what to write this last Bio paper on, I solicited the help of some of the girls I eat with in Erdman. They twirled their forks on their
plates, bit their lips, scratched their heads. "How about hermaphrodites?" someone chimed in. I lit up. Sure, I thought. Hermaphrodites. That will be
interesting. And then: Wait. What's ahermaphrodite again?
In beginning my research, more so at that point to figure out for myself what a hermaphrodite actually was than to begin researching my paper, I had a
hard time turning anything up. I talked aloud to myself, to my computer, and to the hermaphrodites of the world. Where are you guys? I wondered.
And then I found them. ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
As the ethicist Dr. Alice Dreger points out, "one quickly runs into a problem. . .when trying to define 'key' or 'essential' feminine and masculine
anatomy. In fact, any close study of sexual anatomy results in a loss of faith that there is a simple, 'natural' sex distinction that will not break down in
the face of certain anatomical, behavioral, or philosophical challenges" (3).
Because of the difficulty in defining what it means to be intersexed, it is difficult to produce accurate statistics. It has been approximated, however,
that one in one hundred people are born with bodies which "differ from standard male or female" bodies (3). Furthermore, the number of individuals
receiving "normalizing" surgery on the genitalia is approximated to be one or two in every one thousand births.
To go even deeper into the problem of representation, it is nearly impossible to produce accurate statistics or even accurate studies on intersexed
people because of the secrecy surrounding their conditions. Many people are kept in the dark as to their "ambiguous genitalia." The Intersex Society
of North America has deemed this secrecy a "conspiracy of silence," and have begun to make moves towards revolutionizing the treatment of intersexed
babies. Rather than immediately perform plastic surgery on a child's "ambiguous" sex organs, the Intersex Society of

Echinodermata Research Paper
The primary form of reproduction for all Echinodermata is sexual reproduction. Sexual reproduction is achieved by the fertilization of a female egg by
male spermatozoa. The interesting thing is, echinoderm male and females expel their eggs and spermatozoa into water, a process known as spawning,
rather than the human and animal form of sexual reproduction. Once an egg is fertilized by a sperm and an embryo develops, the echinoderm could
take several different paths on its way to develop into its juvenile state. Eggs that are small and lack yolk will go through a stage in which it spends
time as free–swimming larvae that becomes part of the plankton. These echinoderms will begin their life actively feeding on small organisms until
they reach their juvenile stage and begin living on the seafloor. This track of development is known as indirect development. Embryos that develop
from large eggs may develop into a larval, which is planktonic, but it would live off of its own yolk rather than feeding off of small organisms before
the juvenile stage. This is known ad direct development of echinoderms. ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
In Antarctic, Arctic, and deep–sea echinoderms, brood protection is well developed. Brood protection can be explained as having the young
echinoderm inside the body of the female, or it can be attached to the outer surface of the female's body. In the Antarctic, Arctic, and deep–sea species,
many young echinoderms will stay inside the mouth of the female parent, or it will latch to the underside of its mother's body. In indirect
development, the fertilized egg will divide many times, forming a blastula, or a hollow ball of cells. The cells will continue to divide and form a
gastrula, or a double–layered

Advantages And Disadvantages Of Sexual Reproduction
#1 Sex is a mode of reproduction and a way for a large number of organisms to reproduce. But is sexual reproduction really advantageous? There are
advantages and disadvantages to sexual reproduction. Some disadvantages of sexual reproduction are as follows. Sexual reproduction cannot be done
without a mate. Females want to mate with the best males who are strong and on top of the hierarchy. This can take lots of time and effort to find. It
can even take years for an offspring to come out of mating for the female. The successful genes of an individual are being split up into a combined
form with another individual's and it is not always guaranteed that the offspring of these two successful organisms will come out successful. Sexual
reproduction is less reliable since fifty percent of these new combinations end up failing. When organisms mate, they are distracted by the pleasure
they are giving to each other. All the ruckus and noises will attract predators and is also a disadvantage. In contrast, when two individuals mate, the
cells go through cell division or meiosis. This allows four daughter cells to produce from the original first cell. Since the offspring has genes and traits
from both parents, the offspring will be unique. This is advantageous for evolutionary changes. Since each offspring is unique in their genetic material,
some won't be affected by a disease, such as HIV, AIDS, and viruses, as others might. This allows these offspring to survive. The

Disadvantages Of Sexual Reproduction
Reproduction is divided into two categories: Sexual and Asexual reproduction. Sexual reproduction is the combination of two sex cells while asexual
reproduction is the division of the cell into smaller genetically identical copies.Sexual reproduction is vital process of life. Although it has many
advantages, it also has some disadvantages. "Life Ascending: The Ten Great Invention ofEvolution" by Nick Lane, a British biochemist explains the
path of evolution.This work received the Royal Society Prize for Science Books prize in 2010. The author has a PHD in biochemistry and was an
honorary researcher for the University College London. This suggests that he is reliable as he has the highest possible qualification in his field, the
PHD. The purpose of this critique is analyze the theories about the importance of sexual reproduction and the advantages and disadvantages of both
forms of reproduction.
Sexual reproduction also has some disadvantages. For example, it causes harmful mutations such as diseases, illnesses and birth defects. (Lane,N,
2009). STDs or Sexually Transmitted Diseases are a massive risk to sexually reproducing populations as the mating process is the ideal time for the
transmittance of parasites and pathogens. Another disadvantage is that the birthing and rearing process is lengthy. Additionally, the process of finding
a mate is difficult.(Lane,N, 2009).Furthermore, pregnancy is not guaranteed after the mating process. This causes the 2:1 demography disadvantage
where only 50% of the sexual population can produce offspring. Similarly, only 50% of the parent's genes are passed on as during the combination of
genes, half of the successful genes are disrupted. If a sexually reproducing species expands an unsustainable rate, it would wreak havoc on the
ecosystem and it food chain. As a result, this may result in the extinction of that species. This phenomenon is called by the J which is the point where
the population of a species may be decimated unexpectedly after reaching its population cap. Furthermore although the males of some species go to
great lengths to attract a mate, it also has the unfortunate effect of drawing attention to them from predators. An example is the peacock. It has a

The Differences And Disadvantages Of Asexual Reproduction?
Hello, today I will be talking about the differences between asexual and sexual reproduction. This will include a detailed explanation of each, the
advantages and disadvantages of each type of reproduction and one organism that use a type of reproduction.
Asexual reproduction is the creation of an offspring without using gametes. The offspring are clones of their parent and there is no genetic variation.
This type of reproduction is common in fungi, bacteria and plants. It can occur in some animals though. Asexual reproduction involves mitosis to
produce an identical daughter cell. It's very common in unicellular organism because of the lack of reproductive organs, yet in a multicellular organism
that offspring grows from a somatic cell.
There are many types of asexual reproduction they are budding, fission, fragmentation, spore formation, parthenogenesis and vegetative reproduction.
Budding is the outgrowth on a parent that grows into the offspring. Fission is when a parent divides into two making two individual organisms.
Fragmentation is when an organism breaks into smaller parts and those parts regenerate a whole new body, spore formation is an offspring that is a
protective coating, parthenogenesis is the development of eggs without being fertilised, and vegetative reproduction is when plant tissue grows into a
new plant.
The main advantages of asexual reproduction are that it uses less time and energy because you don't have to wait as long for the offspring to

Copperhead Snakes Research Paper

Recommended

Recommended

More Related Content

More from April Wbnd

More from April Wbnd (14)

Recently uploaded

Recently uploaded (20)

Copperhead Snakes Research Paper