The document discusses definitions and concepts related to tourism. It provides definitions of tourism, tourist, excursionist, and traveler from various academic and organizational sources. It also outlines characteristics of tourism such as it being a service industry, people-oriented, multi-dimensional, and seasonal. Key factors that determine tourist destinations are also summarized such as attractions, amenities, and accessibility.

1. P R I N C I P L E S O F T O U R I S M I B Y A P P L E J A N E C . D A L E S 1

2. P R I N C I P L E S O F T O U R I S M I B Y A P P L E J A N E C . D A L E S 2

3. P R I N C I P L E S O F T O U R I S M I B Y A P P L E J A N E C . D A L E S 3
“ sum of the phenomena and relationships arising from the travel and stay of
non-residents, in so far as they do not lead to permanent residence and are not
connected to any earning activity” – Prof. Hunziker and Krapf of Berne University,
Switzerland
“tourism is the temporary short-term movement of people to
destinations outside places where they normally live and work and
their activities during their stay at these destinations” – Tourism
Society in Britain.
TOURISM
noun tour·ism ˈtu̇ r-ˌi-zəm

4. P R I N C I P L E S O F T O U R I S M I B Y A P P L E J A N E C . D A L E S 4
"traveling to and staying in places outside their usual environment for not
more than one consecutive year for leisure, business and other purposes“ –
WORLD TOURISM ORGANIZATION
In 1994, the United Nations identified three forms of tourism in
its Recommendations on Tourism Statistics:
• Domestic tourism, involving residents of the given country traveling only within
this country
• Inbound tourism, involving non-residents traveling in the given country
• Outbound tourism, involving residents traveling in another country

5. P R I N C I P L E S O F T O U R I S M I B Y A P P L E J A N E C . D A L E S 5

6. P R I N C I P L E S O F T O U R I S M I B Y A P P L E J A N E C . D A L E S 6
Tourists tend to stay in their comfort zones a bit; they may speak only
English instead of trying to learn phrases in the local language; stick to
major cities instead of venturing to smaller towns or off-the-beaten-path
locales; and stay in areas where the amenities are similar to what they
have at home.
Temporary visitors staying at least 24 hours, whose purpose could be
classified as leisure, business, family, mission and meeting.
TOURIST

7. P R I N C I P L E S O F T O U R I S M I B Y A P P L E J A N E C . D A L E S 7
EXCURSIONIST
Temporary visitors staying less than 24 hours in the
destination visited and not making an overnight stay,
including cruise travelers but excluding travelers in transits

8. P R I N C I P L E S O F T O U R I S M I B Y A P P L E J A N E C . D A L E S 8
Generally speaking, someone who considers himself a traveler will
try to immerse himself in the local culture rather than standing out.
If you're a traveler, you may try to explore the less-traveled areas
and explore locations where tourism doesn't drive the economy.
You'll interact with locals. Your goals for a trip will be to learn and
experience new things, rather than to take a relaxing break from
everyday life. A traveler may consider a trip a journey rather than a
vacation.
TRAVELLER

9. P R I N C I P L E S O F T O U R I S M I B Y A P P L E J A N E C . D A L E S 9
Five Characteristics of
Tourism
according to Burkhart and Medlik

10. P R I N C I P L E S O F T O U R I S M I B Y A P P L E J A N E C . D A L E S 10
Because of its complexity, tourism is
a combination of phenomena and
relationships;

11. P R I N C I P L E S O F T O U R I S M I B Y A P P L E J A N E C . D A L E S 11
It has two essential elements: the
dynamic element – the journey and
the static element – the stay

12. P R I N C I P L E S O F T O U R I S M I B Y A P P L E J A N E C . D A L E S 12
The journey and stay are to and from the
destinations outside the place of residence and
work.

13. P R I N C I P L E S O F T O U R I S M I B Y A P P L E J A N E C . D A L E S 13
The movement to destinations is temporary and short –
term with the intention to return within a few days,
weeks or months

14. P R I N C I P L E S O F T O U R I S M I B Y A P P L E J A N E C . D A L E S 14
Destinations are visited for the purposes not
connected with paid work, that is, not to be
employed and not for business or vocational
reasons

15. P R I N C I P L E S O F T O U R I S M I B Y A P P L E J A N E C . D A L E S 15
Elements of Travel
Distance
Length of Stay at a Destination
Purpose of Travel
Nature of the tour

16. P R I N C I P L E S O F T O U R I S M I B Y A P P L E J A N E C . D A L E S 16
The difference between local travel or
traveling within a person’s home community
and non – local travel away from home

17. P R I N C I P L E S O F T O U R I S M I B Y A P P L E J A N E C . D A L E S 17
Tourists
temporary visitors who make at least one overnight stay or 24 hours;
Excursionists
temporary visitors who do not stay at
least 24 hours in a destination

18. P R I N C I P L E S O F T O U R I S M I B Y A P P L E J A N E C . D A L E S 18
The residence or origin of the traveller is the third basic
elements of travel. For research business and research
purposes, it is important to know where people live

19. P R I N C I P L E S O F T O U R I S M I B Y A P P L E J A N E C . D A L E S 19
• Visiting friends and relatives
• Conventions, Seminars and Meetings
• Business
• Outdoor Recreation (e.g. Hunting,
fishing, boating and camping)
• Entertainment (sightseeing, theatre,
sports)
• Personal (family, medical, funeral,
wedding)
• Others

20. P R I N C I P L E S O F T O U R I S M I B Y A P P L E J A N E C . D A L E S 20
THE NATURE OF A TOUR
Domestic Tourism
travel taken within the boundaries of ones country
International Tourism
a travel from one territory or country to the other

21. P R I N C I P L E S O F T O U R I S M I B Y A P P L E J A N E C . D A L E S 21
Package tour
tour segments are bought in an all – inclusive price;
individual price of these elements cannot be determined by
the buyer himself
Independent tour
buying tour segments separately from one or more suppliers
THE NATURE OF A TOUR

22. P R I N C I P L E S O F T O U R I S M I B Y A P P L E J A N E C . D A L E S 22
THE TOURIST PRODUCT
It is a service – an
intangible item

23. P R I N C I P L E S O F T O U R I S M I B Y A P P L E J A N E C . D A L E S 23
THE TOURIST PRODUCT
Largely psychological in
its attraction
It is the temporary use of a strange
environment plus the culture and heritage
of the region and other intangible
benefits such as the atmosphere and
hospitality

24. P R I N C I P L E S O F T O U R I S M I B Y A P P L E J A N E C . D A L E S 24
March August
Product tends to vary in standard
and quality over time

25. P R I N C I P L E S O F T O U R I S M I B Y A P P L E J A N E C . D A L E S 25
The supply of the
product is fixed
Peak Lean

26. P R I N C I P L E S O F T O U R I S M I B Y A P P L E J A N E C . D A L E S 26
THE TOURIST DESTINATION
Is a geographical unit which the tourist visits
and stays. It may be a village, a town, a city, a
district, a region, an island, a country or a
continent
THREE BASIC
FACTORS:
1. Attractions
2. Amenities or
Facilities
3. Accessibility

27. P R I N C I P L E S O F T O U R I S M I B Y A P P L E J A N E C . D A L E S 27
ATTRACTIONS
Event
Attractions
Site
Attractions
Tourist are
drawn to the
destination
solely because
of what’s taking
place there
The destination
itself has the
appeal

28. P R I N C I P L E S O F T O U R I S M I B Y A P P L E J A N E C . D A L E S 28
Natural
Attractions
Man-made
Attractions
ATTRACTIONS
Includes mountains,
beaches, climatic
features, such as
sunshine and pure air. Include building of
historical or
architectural interests
such as Fort
Santiago, holiday
camps or theme
parks.

29. P R I N C I P L E S O F T O U R I S M I B Y A P P L E J A N E C . D A L E S 29
Tourist Services

30. P R I N C I P L E S O F T O U R I S M I B Y A P P L E J A N E C . D A L E S 30
CHARACTERISTICS OF TOURISM
In tourism, the product is not bought to the consumer; rather, the
consumer has to travel and go to the product to purchase it.

31. P R I N C I P L E S O F T O U R I S M I B Y A P P L E J A N E C . D A L E S 31
The products of tourism are not used up; thus, they do not
exhaust the country’s natural resources.
CHARACTERISTICS OF TOURISM

32. P R I N C I P L E S O F T O U R I S M I B Y A P P L E J A N E C . D A L E S 32
CHARACTERISTICS OF TOURISM
Tourism is a labour – intensive industry

33. P R I N C I P L E S O F T O U R I S M I B Y A P P L E J A N E C . D A L E S 33
CHARACTERISTICS OF TOURISM
Tourism is people oriented

34. P R I N C I P L E S O F T O U R I S M I B Y A P P L E J A N E C . D A L E S 34
CHARACTERISTICS OF TOURISM
Tourism is multi – dimensional
phenomenon

35. P R I N C I P L E S O F T O U R I S M I B Y A P P L E J A N E C . D A L E S 35

36. P R I N C I P L E S O F T O U R I S M I B Y A P P L E J A N E C . D A L E S 36
• Tourist industry is seasonal
March August
CHARACTERISTICS OF TOURISM

37. P R I N C I P L E S O F T O U R I S M I B Y A P P L E J A N E C . D A L E S 37
CHARACTERISTICS OF TOURISM
• The industry is dynamic
It is characterized by the changing ideas and attitudes of its customers
therefore must be always prepared and willing to adjust to these
changes[ ]

38. P R I N C I P L E S O F T O U R I S M I B Y A P P L E J A N E C . D A L E S 38
Contribution to the balance of payments.

39. P R I N C I P L E S O F T O U R I S M I B Y A P P L E J A N E C . D A L E S 39
• Dispersion of development.

40. P R I N C I P L E S O F T O U R I S M I B Y A P P L E J A N E C . D A L E S 40
• Effect on general economic
development.

41. P R I N C I P L E S O F T O U R I S M I B Y A P P L E J A N E C . D A L E S 41
Employment opportunities.

42. P R I N C I P L E S O F T O U R I S M I B Y A P P L E J A N E C . D A L E S 42
Social benefits.

43. P R I N C I P L E S O F T O U R I S M I B Y A P P L E J A N E C . D A L E S 43
Cultural enrichment.

44. P R I N C I P L E S O F T O U R I S M I B Y A P P L E J A N E C . D A L E S 44
Educational significance.

45. P R I N C I P L E S O F T O U R I S M I B Y A P P L E J A N E C . D A L E S 45
A vital force for peace.

46. P R I N C I P L E S O F T O U R I S M I B Y A P P L E J A N E C . D A L E S 46