Material Handling Objectives and Principles

Objectives of Material Handling
• Reduce Unit Material • Reduce Production
Handling Cost Time
– Eliminate Unnecessary – Minimize Delays of
Material Handling - An Overview Handling Machine Operations
– Handle Material in Batch – Maintain Uniform,
Presented By: Lots Appropriate Movement
Anupam Kumar – Minimize Required of Material
Reader Handling Time – Use Automatic
SMS Varanasi Processing When
– Replace Handling
Email: anupamkr@gmail.com Appropriate
Equipment as
Appropriate – Coordinate All Material
Handling
© Copyright 2013 Anupam Kumar 1 © Copyright 2013 Anupam Kumar 2

Objectives of Material Handling Objectives of Material Handling
• Reduce Overhead • Prevent Accidents
–Minimize Non-Productive Labor – Reduce Physical Load Required
–Prevent Damage to Materials – Insure Handling Equipment is Safe

• Conserve Floor Space • Improve Employee Morale
– Avoid Excessive Stock Storage – Provide Proper Relationship Between Employee &
– Move Materials in a Position to Save Space Work
– Use Equipment Requiring No Floor Space


Principles of Material Handling Principles of Material Handling
There are 10 principles of material handling: Planning Principle Standardization Principle
• Planning Principle • Space Utilization • A material handing plan • Material handling methods,
Principle defines equipment, controls and
• Standardization software should be
– the material (what) and
Principle • System Principle – the moves (when and where); standardized
• Work Principle • Automation Principle together they define • within the limits of
– the method (how and who). achieving overall
• Ergonomic Principle • Environmental Principle
performance objectives and
• Unit Load Principle • Life Cycle Cost Principle
• without sacrificing needed
flexibility , modularity and
throughput.


© Copyright 2013 Anupam Kumar 1

Work Principle Ergonomic Principle Unit Load Principle Space Utilization Principle
• Material handling work • Human capabilities and • A unit load is one that can be • Cluttered and unorganized
stored or moved as a single
should be minimized limitations must be entity at one time, such as a spaces and blocked aisles
– without sacrificing recognized and respected in pallet, container or tote, should be eliminated in
productivity or the design of material regardless of the number of work areas.
individual items that make up
– the level of service required handling tasks and the load. • In storage areas, the
of the operation. equipment to ensure safe • Smaller unit loads are objective of maximizing
and effective operations. consistent with manufacturing
strategies that embrace storage density must be
operating objectives such as balanced against
flexibility, continuous flow and accessibility and selectivity.
just-in-time delivery.


System Principle Automation Principle Environmental Principle Life Cycle Cost Principle
• A system is a collection of • Material handling operations • Environmental impact and • A thorough economic analysis
interacting and/or should be mechanized and/or should account for the entire
energy consumption should life cycle of all material
interdependent entities that automated where feasible be considered as criteria handling equipment and
form a unified whole. – to improve operational when designing or selecting resulting systems.
• Systems integration should efficiency, • Life cycle costs include all cash
alternative equipment and flows that will occur between
encompass the entire – increase responsiveness,
material handling systems. the time the first rupee is
supply chain including – improve consistency and
spent to plan or procure a new
reverse logistics. – predictability, decrease piece of equipment, or to put
• It should include suppliers, operating costs and in place a new method, until
– to eliminate repetitive or that method and/or
manufacturers, distributors equipment is totally replaced.
potentially unsafe manual
and customers. labor.


Material Handling Equipments Fixed Path Equipments
• These may broadly be divided into the • Conveyors • Elevators
following types: – Gravity – Arm
– Belt – Reciprocating
– Fixed Path Equipments
– Chain – Bucket
– Semi-Fixed Path Equipments
– Pneumatic • Lifts
– Variable Path Equipments – Hydraulic – Service Station
– Accessories – Screw – Field Table
– Vibrating – Loading Dock
• Chutes – Railroad Car
• Pipelines / Tubes


Large Conveyors (2 axis)
Conveyors


Lifts Chutes


Fixed Path Material Handling Semi Fixed Path Material Handling
• Advantages: Types Advantage & Disadvantages:
– More economical if large volume of material • Cranes • Advantage
moved to same place – Can cover a wider area
– Jib
– One power supply to drive entire “belt” – more – Bridge • Disadvantage
economical – Still limited to area covered
– Gantry
– Reduction in need for lot identification tags
• Tracks
– Can be used to pace the workers
– Monorail
• Disadvantages
– Industrial Rail
– Less economical if material follows diverse paths


Tracks - Monorail
Cranes


Wide Area (Variable Path) Lift truck
Computer Controlled Truck

• Powered • Manual
– Power Lift Truck – Truck (2 Wheel)
– Fork Lift Truck – Truck (4 Wheel)
– Multiple Trailer – Lift Truck
– Yard Truck – Dolly
– Over the road Truck

• Advantage • Disadvantage
– Flexible – Must have portable
power supply with each
piece of equipment

Accessory Items Accessory Items
• Carriers • Hoist Accessories
– Skids – Chains
– Pallets – Clamps
– Slings
• Containers – Chime Hooks
– Tote Boxes – Spreader Bars
– Baskets
– Pans



Bibliography
• Buffa, E.S. and Sarin, R.K., “Modern Production/Operations Management,” Eighth Edition. Singapore: John
Wiley & Sons (Asia). 1994.
• Martinich, J.S., “Production and Operations Management: An Applied Approach”, Singapore: John Wiley &
Sons (Asia), 2003.
• Badi, R.V. and Badi, N.V., “Production and Operations Management”, Second Edition, New Delhi: Vrinda
For further details / comments ... •
Publication, 2008.
Chary, S.N., “Productions and Operations Management,” Third Edition, New Delhi: Tata McGraw Hill, 2004
• Goel, B.S., “Production Operations Management”, Twenty Second Edition, Meerut, U.P.: Pragati Prakashan,
2010.
• Kachru, U. “Production and Operations Management: Text and Cases,” New Delhi: Excel Books, 2007.
-Contact: • Rama Murthy, P., “Production and Operations Management,” New Delhi: New Age International, 2012.
Anupam Kumar • Chunawalla, S.A., and Patel, D.R., “Production and Operations Management,” Mumbai: Himalaya
Publishing House, 2006.
Reader, • Jauhari, V. and Dutta, K., “Services: Marketing Operations and Management,” New Delhi: Oxford University
School of Management Sciences, Varanasi. Press, 2010.
Email: anupamkr@gmail.com • Verma, H.V., “Services Marketing: Text and Cases,” New Delhi: Dorling Kindersley, Pearson Education, 2009.
• For Images & Clip arts
– clker.com
– blogs.msdn.com
– mysulitizenwebblog.blogspot.com


Material Handling Objectives and Principles

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Material Handling Objectives and Principles