Eightfold Path Of Siddhartha

Eightfold Path Of Siddhartha
Reaching Nirvana through the Eightfold Path The ultimate goal of a Buddhist is to reach Nirvana,
and to come to that truth. A way to achieve Nirvana is through following eight paradigms called the
Eightfold Path, which is based on wisdom, morality, and concentration. In Herman Hesse's novel,
Siddhartha, the protagonist was able to master the Eightfold Path during his communion with the
river. Through the Eightfold Path, it is completely possible to reach Nirvana. Two of the paradigms
in the Eightfold Path are right understanding and right aspiration. When trying to attain right
understanding it is essential for one to ask themselves "Am I seeing what's really there, or what I
want to see?". This is so important to the Eightfold Path to Nirvana because it has to do with our
views of the world. We get caught up in our views as if they're permanent, when they actually are
not. When right understanding is achieved, a person is able to see the world, and himself for what
they really are (Secular Buddhist Association).When trying to attain right aspiration it very
important for one to ask "Am I truly committed to living compassionately?" Having right aspiration
is to deeply think about intentions before speaking or acting. If intentions stem from anger or spite,
it can lead to more suffering (Secular Buddhist Association). These two paradigms are based on
wisdom which Siddhartha talks about in the novel by saying "Wisdom cannot be imparted. Wisdom
that a wise man attempts to
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Differences And Similarities Of The Buddhist And Christian...
A comparative essay, discussing the differences and similarities of the Buddhist and Christian
traditions using the working definition of mysticism.
Mysticism: Buddhism and Christian Traditions, the Differences and Similarities.
Introduction
According to Carmody & Carmody (1996:10) the working definition of mysticism is the direct
experience one has with ultimate reality. In this essay this definition will be dissected and compared
to other definitions, word by word. An attempt will be made to explain how this definition relates to
mysticism from two traditions; Christian and Buddhist. Although mysticism is not confined to
religion, for the purpose of this essay mysticism as in two religious traditions; one eastern and one
western, will be ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
Both mystical traditions seek to overcome and go beyond sin or karma. Both sin and karma relate to
the suffering and evils in the world.
When Buddhists receive enlightenment they are freed from suffering, they are transformed and
exhibit a detachment and compassion. Carmody and Carmody (1996:305) describe it as a
psychosomatic transformation. Christian mystics go through similar psychological processes but the
difference lies in the way sin affects the mystic because it is entails "repentance, conversion or
reconversion, weeping over fidelity and renewing pledges to keep the covenant" (Carmody and
Carmody, 1996:307).
There is one dimension of mysticism, distinguished by Moore (Kruger, et al, 2012:23) that has an
impact on the experiences of both the Christian and Buddhist traditions and that is the setting or
context, in which these mystics seek the ultimate reality. The direct experience of either tradition
cannot not be coloured by the teachings of their respective religions. Despite the claims of the
mystics that the experience goes beyond known consciousness, the transformations that occur still,
on the whole, conform to the tradition from which the mystic operates.
In

Explanation Of The Term 'Cultural Relativism'
Mitchell Taplin
12/2/2016
AP English
Wayman
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Cultural Relativism is a view that all ethics, beliefs, and customs an individual has within their own
social context are relative. It is an idea that is accepted amongst various modern anthropologists. In
fact modern anthropologists believe all cultures are to be observed from a completely neutral
standpoint for all cultures equally express the existence of humans. Since cultures must be observed
neutrally, it is easily seen that "right" and "wrong" are purely decided by culture specific influences.
Is is also then easy to see that culture influences themselves start to become relative. Religion is one
the biggest deciding factors when discussing good and evil within a culture. This is because ... Show
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In an article on comparativerelgion.com they describes Buddhist belief of evil; "Evil is the
perpeturation of illsuion by the facotrs that fuel the cahin of dependent orgination (paticcas–
samuppada). Ignorance in perceiving that the world is impermanent, devoid of a self and in constant
becoming leads to suffering". The Buddha himself spoke of the essence of existence being suffering.
" The Noble Truth of Suffering (dukkha) is this: Birth is suffering; aging is suffering; sickness is
suffering; association with the unpleasant is suffering; dissociation from the pleasant is suffering;
not to get what one wants is suffering – in brief, the five aggregates of attachment are suffering
(Samyutta Nikaya 56,11). Buddha speaks of multiple ways of which humans suffer within existence.
The suffering of existence can only be abolished by relinquishing attachment to the five aggregates;
matter or body (rupa), sensations or feelings (vedana), perceptions (samjna), mental formations
(sankhara), and consciousness

Mesopotamia India And China Dbq
(DI1) Mesopotamia, India, and China governments have strict laws and harsh punishments to keep
social order. (DD1) In Mesopotamia, The Code of Hammurabi has strict laws with equal
punishments so people treat everyone with respect. Law 196 states, "If a man put out the eye of
another man, his eye shall be put out" (Document A). If a man harms another man, he shall be
harmed the same.This consequence is equal for both men. If people see that what they do to
someone will be done right back to them, they will not make foolish actions. (DD2) The Indian
Caste System displays who each class listens to and what punishments they will receive. The Bronze
Age Vedic poem reflects the Indian Caste System. "When they divided the Man... The brahman was
his ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
(DD1) In Mesopotamia, The Hebrew Torah outlines the specific ways for people to live their life to
the fullest. One rule explains, "Honor your father and your mother so that your days may be long in
the land that Yahweh is giving to you" (Document B). If people honor their parents, then they will
somehow be rewarded. If people do not honor their parents, then their days may be cut short as a
way of punishment. This belief is based on respect and proper attitude. (DD2) In India, Samyutta
Nikaya states the eight paths one should follow to have a great life. "Right Views, Right Resolve,
Right Speech, Right Conduct, Right Livelihood, Right Effort, Right Mindfulness, and Right
Concentration" (Document E). If one follows the Eightfold Path, they will end up with a peaceful
life to live. All eight paths, help one know what the right thing to do is. (DD3) In China, Yin–Yang
exhibits that life has equal good and bad and it will all end satisfactory. Together Yin and Yang is
the, "concept of two powers that together represented the natural rhythms of life" (Document F). In
life, there are ups and downs, so Yin–Yang depicts this. People who believe in the Yin–Yang powers
know that the bad will never outweigh the good and the good will never outweigh the bad.
Everything has to be equal to have a substantial life. (CS) People obey their civilizations beliefs

Buddhism Meditation Essay
The philosophy of Buddhism is a way of life, represents the union of the will, spirit and body.
Combining the philosophy of Buddhism, we strive to create a way of life in which we will reach
peace in us and understanding. If we go that spiritual development, we will create one of us better
people. In this section it will be shown the philosophical aspects of Buddhist meditation and
profound significance that has Buddha's path of recollection and attention (satipatthana). Buddhist
meditation and her philosophy of simplest through aspiration for methods that represent the
simplest, most direct and the most effective way of training and development of those parts of the
mind that are necessary for everyday tasks, and problems that face the mind and finding ... Show
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We will see to all the methods in the "time of recollection and attention" that the Teacher called it
"the only road" (ekayano maggo), so that about that time we can call the the bottom line of Buddhist
meditation or "bottom line of all Buddha's teachings (dhamma – hadaya). It represents the heart of
the whole blood that pulses through the body of teaching and learning (dhamma – kaya). The
ancient way of recollection is also very usable today as much as 2500 years ago thousands of, and
his weight is evenly strong influence both on the East and West, in everyday life, as well as monks
lifestyle. The right composure is correctness for a quality life and at any moment, wherever we are
and in what situation. It should be all right for everyone, not just for members of the Buddha's
teachings (dhamma) and is particularly useful for those who want to master their mind and for those
people who want to build skills that they hide inside, and that are not even aware of, to acquire
greater happiness and strength. That's the magic of Buddhist meditation. At the beginning of

Buddhism, Judaism And Christianity : The Rule Of The Three...
Three known monotheistic religions are Buddhism, Judaism and Christianity. Buddhism was
founded by Siddhartha Gautama in the late 6th century, in Nepal. Another monotheistic religion is
Judaism and it was founded in Israel/Middle East by Abraham and Moses in 3500 B.C.E. The last
monotheistic religion is Christianity. Christianity was founded by Jesus and St. Paul in Judea about
33 A.D. Buddhism impacted its followers by showing how they could be a better person and focus
on themselves and not on others. In addition, Judaism impacted its followers by making their
religion the center of their lives and lives their lives righteously by following the Ten
Commandments. Lastly, Christianity impacted its followers by indicating God's care for his
followers through the teachings of Jesus. Buddhism impacted its followers by showing how one can
be a better person by following the Eightfold Path. The first rule of the Eightfold Path is right
understanding. A Buddhist would not have negative thoughts, but would have positive thoughts. For
example, if a Buddhist student failed his/her test, then they would not be miserable for the entire
day. She/he will forget their test grade and carry on with their day. Furthermore, a Buddhist would
never judge a person based on their exterior, they would step into one's shoes first. The second rule
in the eightfold path is right thought. Having a "right thought" means being selfless, care for others
and forgive and forget. One could

Analysis Of The Book ' Light Of Reservation '
In light of reservation...the Milinda Pañha (Question of King Milinda)–having recorded an episodes
about king Milinda enquires about the Buddha's omniscience. And venerable Nāgasena reply: "The
omniscience of the Blessed One dependent on reflection. By reflection he knew whatever he wanted
to know." See actual discourse and how it also explains on the way the Buddha's brain/mind work.
The Book Introduction to the Science of Religion by F. Max Muller, explains the Buddha himself
appeals only to what we should call the inner light. When the Buddha first preached the Four Noble
Truths he said, "'Mendicants, for attainment of these previously unknown doctrines, the eye, the
knowledge, the wisdom, the clear perception, the light were developed ... Show more content on
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The Buddha disclaims the knowing that was perceived by him all times, such as while walking,
sleeping and so forth. Further, Upadhyaya Kashi Nath says that early Buddhism defined the concept
of omniscience with reservation. In the book, Buddhist Philosophy David J. Kaluphana's analysis
says that the development of the extrasensory perception is always looked upon as a causal
occurrence. Moreover, it was the realization of limitations of all sources of knowledge that
prompted the Buddha to deny the kind of omniscience, which was claimed by others. Instead, the
Buddha claimed the threefold knowledge. Dharmacari Naagapriya's article Was the Buddha
Omniscient make reference to an account recorded in the Samyutta Nikaya, where the Buddha went
into retreat by himself. During this period, a number of Bhikkhus committed suicide. When the
Buddha came out at the end of his retreat, he saw there was less monks than before, the Buddha asks
Ananda why there are fewer monks and Ananda tells him what happened. From this account, it is
obvious that the Buddha was not omniscient! He was unaware of what had happened in the Sangha.
Hence, the claim made by his disciple that the Buddha's omniscience is based only on reflection
might have some basis.
Further, some suttas show that there are times that the Buddha remains silent to questions. Is it
because the Buddha does not know the answer to these metaphysical questions, or he does know but
just ignores

Essay on Comparing Hinduism and Buddhism
Comparing Hinduism and Buddhism
Hinduism and Buddhism have different similarities and are in some ways connected to each other.
Some of the practices of the two religions are similar in various ways and there are several examples
to show this.
Hinduism first started in India around 1500 BC. The word Hindu comes from the Sanskrit word
sindhu, or river. The Hindu community define themselves as "those who believe in the Vedas", or
also "those who follow the way, or dharma, of the four classes and the stages of life. The four
classes being the varnas and the stages of life being the ashramas.
Like Hinduism, Buddhism also started in India. It is based on the teachings of Siddhartha Gautama,
who is called the Buddha or ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
These are the Sutra Pitaka, which is a collection of discourses, the Vinaya Pitaka, which is the code
of the monastic discipline, and the Abhidharma Pitaka, which contains all different philosophical,
psychological, and doctrinal discussions and different classifications.
The Sutra Pitaka is made up of dialogues between the Buddha and his people and consists of five
different texts. The first is the Digha Nikaya, then the Mijjhima Nikaya, the Samyutta Nikaya,
Anguttara Nikaya and the Khuddaka Nikaya.
The Vinaya Pitaka has over 225 rules of conduct for the Buddhist monks and nuns, each which ha a
story to explain. The Abhidharma Pitaka has seven separate works, which include "detailed
classifications of the psychological phenomena, metaphysical analysis, and a thesaurus of technical
vocabulary."
Hinduism also has many texts but the most important of all is the Vedas. The oldest is the Rig–Veda,
which was developed in an ancient form of the Sanskrit language in northeast India. It consists of
1028 hymns to many gods. Two other Vedas were added to the Rig–Veda, the Yajur–Veda which is a
book for sacrifice, and the Sama–Veda which I the hymnal. A fourth book added around 900 BC,
which is a collection of magic spells, is called the Atharva–Veda. The Brahmans, long Sanskrit texts,
were also composed around this time and the Upanishads were composed around 600 BC. These
Vedas and writings are considered revealed canon or

The Pali Canon and The Theravada Buddhism
The Pali Canon is a collection of texts central to the teachings of Theravada Buddhism. The Pali
Canon addresses the rules of conduct and regulations within the monastic order of Buddhism, the
discourses spoken by the Buddha and his disciples, and scholastic interpretation of the teachings of
the Buddha (Fronsdal 2005). We will first focus on the discourses spoken by the Buddha to further
our understanding of the Buddhist religion. [Buddha:] "What do you think monks: Is form
permanent or impermanent?" "Impermanent sir." "And is the impermanent suffering or happiness?"
"Suffering sir." "And with respect to what is impermanent, suffering, naturally unstable, is it proper
to perceive it in this way: "This is mine; I am this; this ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
The Zen sect of Buddhism is prominent in Japan and can be seen as a convergence of Taoism and
Buddhism. It's main influence is said to be found in the Buddha's flower sermon, where instead of
speaking, he held up a golden lotus flower. This sermon is key to understanding Zen Buddhism
because it's followers use koans to reach clear minds and insight. The Zen Buddhist's try to clear
their minds of concepts much like the lotus flower cleans itself of dirt. Koans can be described as
questions that have no clear answer, and cause the mind to be agitated to a point where one
abandons logic. This will eventually lead the mind to let go of its concepts so that one can
experience the world with a clarity. Vajrayana is a sect of Buddhism that is primarily found in Tibet
and is known for it's use of tantras. The Vajrayana's believe that the use of sounds, sights, and
movement can help empower an individual during meditation, and believe that pleasures can be
sought after you have a pure mind. They use mantras to during meditation and try to envision deities
in order to enhance their spiritual power (Smith 1994). Overall, we find that the Vajrayana and Zen
Buddhist's are mystical sects, and concentrate on experiences rather than scriptures to reach
enlightenment.
Modern Convergence of Belief The Buddha preached that change was inevitable and that everything
is impermanent. This idea is relevant when

Eco-Buddhism
Sustainable development and Religion.
Buddhism and the Climate–Energy Emergency Statue of Buddha Sakyamuni, Bodh Gaya, India
It is in this way that we must train ourselves: by liberation of the self through love. We will develop
love, we will practice it, we will make it both a way and a basis, take our stand upon it, store it up,
and thoroughly set it going.
The Buddha, Samyutta Nikaya
Environmental and social breakdown is now vast and global in scale. Technological advances have
provided the basis for a new kind of social evolution, beyond cultural, religious or spiritual
boundaries. Technology, however, is not ultimately directed by reason, but by ... Show more content
on Helpwriting.net ...
If we ask why our social evolution has become so maladaptive, we come immediately upon the key
influence of mass advertising. From an early age, we are bombarded by powerful imagery, deployed
through a hypnotic medium, television, that bypasses conscious filters to directly influence our
subconscious mind. The vivid imagery of television and movies create a seamless virtual reality that
programs our collective nervous system. From America to China, consumerism has become an
organizing principle for billions of peoples' lives.
Zen Buddhist philosopher David R. Loy states:
Consumerism requires and develops a sense of our own impoverishment. By manipulating the
gnawing sense of lack that haunts our insecure sense of self, the attention economy insinuates its
basic message deep into our awareness: the solution to any discomfort we might have is
consumption. Needless to say, this all–pervasive conditioning is incompatible with the liberative
path of Buddhism.
Consumption has replaced religion and citizenship as the way we participate in society. It is one of 4
Megaphenomena that have 'spiked' in intensity over the last century, combining to create
unprecedented danger for the biosphere. Population growth, carbon gas emissions and species
extinctions are the other three megaphenomena.
Fossil fuels will be exhausted within this century. The production

Essay on Shintoism and Buddhism
Shintoism and Buddhism
The Japanese religions, including Shintosim and Buddhism, are rich and complex, and it contains
many condradictory trends which may puzzle a Westerner. In the center of the tradition is Shinto, the
"natural" religion of Japan. Also in the center is Buddhism, the Indian religion that was brought to
Japan in the sixth century from Korea and China. Throughout the history of Japan, it has been these
two religions that have contributed most to the Japanese understanding of themselves and their
surroundings, and also to many important events.
Shinto, meaning "the way of the gods", is the indigenous faith of the Japanese people. It began
around 2,500–3,000 years ago. It has thirteen sects, each with a ... Show more content on
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These shrines are usually simple buildings surrounded by trees. Here is an example of one:
Before they would arrive at the shrines, the Shintoists would "purify" themselves by washing their
hands and rinsing their mouth. They will bow twice deeply, clap their hands twice, bow once more
and then, they would offer gifts, such as food, to the Kami. Then, they say a short prayer. The prayer
usually urges the Kami to withhold bad weather. The people did not want bad weather, because it
would destroy their crop. Shintoists also pray for good fortune and to avoid evil spirits, especially
before a special event, such as the opening of a business, a test or exam in school, or something else
that is important. They will then offer the Kami a choice offering if the crop is spared. But the
Japanese do not fear the Kami.
The Buddhist rituals are performed by Shinto priests, private people who can marry and have
children. There are even female priests. The priests are supported by the Miko, young ladies in white
kimonos. They must be unmarried, and are often the preist's daughters. Also, in contrast to the
Western religions, there are no absolutes, although there is a goddess, Amaterasu Omikami, the Sun
goddess. An absolute is an object of worship that is always present, such as a God. But, a certain
kind of weather is not an absolute, because the weather can change at any moment.
Shinto is a very optimistic faith. It is thought by it's followers that all

3 Baskets Of The Buddha
A few hours into conversation with the Buddhist nun was still not enough to grasp and comprehend
every teaching of the Buddha. She just came to America and the dialogue was strictly in
Vietnamese. I had a hard time trying to understand Vietnamese Buddhist terminology. She discussed
Buddha teachings regarding the Samsara, the Eightfold Path, and the Five Precepts. She particularly
emphasized on the Tripitaka (Sanskrit for "three baskets"; "Tipitaka" in Pali). The Tripitaka/Tipitaka
consists of three sections/baskets of the Buddha's Teachings. They are the Vinaya Pitaka/Discipline
Basket, the Sutra Pitaka/Basket of Discourses, and the Abhidharma Pitaka/ Basket of Discourses. I
went home and searched for the English version of these Baskets and read about it for a deeper
understanding of her sharing. I learned that the first basket the Vinaya Pitaka/Discipline basket
contains hundreds of monastic rules for monks and nuns. It consists of five books: Parajika Pali, the
Major Offences; Pacittiya Pali, the Minor Offences; Mahavagga Pali , the Creater Section;
Cullavagga Pali, the Smaller Section; Parivara Pali, the Epitome of the Vinaya. ... Show more
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The Sutra Pitaka/Basket of Discourses is separated into five Nikayas/collections: Digha Nikaya, the
Collection of Long Discourses; Majjhima Nikaya, the Collection of Middle–length Discourses;
Samyutta Nikaya, the Collection of Kindred Sayings; Anguttara Nikaya, the Collection of
Discourses arranged in accordance with number; and the Khuddaka Nikaya, the Smaller Collection.
This fifth collection is divided into the following fifteen books: Khuddaka Patha, Dhammapada,
Udana, Iti Vuttaka, Sutta Nipata, Vimana Vatthu, Peta Vatthu, Theragatha, Therigatha, Jataka,
Niddesa, Patisambhida, Apadana, eBuddhavamsa, and Cariya

Conditioned Arising
After setting the Wheel of Dharma in motion in a Deer Park near Benares (Varanasi), the Buddha
began his sermon by teaching his disciples the universality of dukkha. As the Buddha stated, "birth
is dukkha, decay is dukkha, disease is dukkha, death is dukkha...the five aggregates of attachment
are dukkha" (Willaims & Tribe, 2010, p. 42). In this sense, 'dukkha' which is translated as suffering,
pain, dissatisfaction, or unease, permeates reality. It is birth. Giving birth, coming–forth, the
appearance of the aggregates (Bodhi, 1980). This is dukkha. Similarly, what is considered ageing,
death, sorrow, despair and even happiness are all dukkha. To understand this teaching, it is important
to recognise the Buddhist idea of anicca, which is expressed in the maxim: sarvam duhkham,
sarvam anityam (all is suffering, all is ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
The importance of recognising the sequence of Conditioned Arising as "a rich and multifaceted
analysis of existence" (Harvey, 1995, p. 134) is demonstrated when Sariputta, a chief disciple of the
Buddha notes, "who sees Conditioned Genesis sees Dhamma; who sees Dhamma sees Conditioned
Genesis" (M.I.191 in Conze, 1954, p. 65). As well as forming the core of Buddhist teachings, this
suggests that like the reality of dukkha, by not understanding Conditioned Arising as an actuality,
mankind fails to "extricate itself from punishment, suffering, perdition, rebirth" (Warren, 1987, p.
203). The essence of this teaching is illustrated in the Samyutta–nikaya II when it is stated, "If this is
that comes to be; from the arising of this that arises; if this is not that does not come to be; from the
stopping of this that is stopped" (Conze, 1954, p. 66). In other words, all beings and objects are in a
constant state of flux. The existence of these beings and objects are conditioned. Once these
conditions stop, beings and objects cease to

Problem of Evil
The Problem Of Evil
There are many events throughout the world that occur, that we cannot explain. The evils that exist
are moral and non–moral evils. The moral evils that exist are poverty, oppression, persecution, war
and injustice. The non–moral evils that occur frequently but not usually on a daily basis are
earthquakes, hurricanes, storms, flood, drought, and blight (philosophy. Lander.edu/intro/hick.stml).
These evils happen with thousands of people dying daily for no reason. The problem of evil is a
touchstone of any religion. The direct confrontation with evil results in suffering, and thus endless
questions about the meaning of life. That is why all religions have to give a proper answer regarding
the origin, nature and end ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
The angels that rebelled against God had a choice, under free will, to obey or to disobey God's word.
When Lucifer and the other demons chose under free will to disobey God's order and were casted
from heaven, this established the origin of evil in the universe. "Therefore, evil is not created by
God, but is a perversion of his creation, a result of using free will against the very purpose it was
created for, against free–willed obedience to God in a communion relation based on love."
(www.comparativreligion.com/evil.html). This allows for people to choose freely and why God
allows the moral and non–moral evils to happen.
The epistemic question posed by evil is whether the world contains undesirable states of affairs that
provide the basis for an argument that makes it unreasonable for anyone to believe in the existence
of God. (http://plato.stanford.edu/entries/evil/). There are people that do not believe in God because
they cannot physically see or touch him. Many people want to be able to do this before they can
fully and truly believe in his existence. The evils that occur within the world that are seen as
pointless evils but in fact they have a purpose to bring about good. A person may not understand the
reason for these evils but God has a purpose for these evils. According to Christianity, evil entered
our world as a result of Satan's fall, so it has a personal character.

Buddhism And Confucianism Similarities
Comparing Buddhism, Confucianism, and Taoism
4. Compare and contrast Buddhism, Confucianism, and Taoism. How are they similar? How are
they different?
–Question 4.
Buddhism
Has over 300 million members, and was founded around 2, 500 years ago in India. The founder is
Gautama Siddhartha, the Buddha, or referred to as the "Enlightened One."
Their major scripture are The Triptaka, Anguttara–Nikaya, Dhammapada, Sutta–Nipata, Samyutta–
Nikaya and many others. Buddhism today is divided into three main sects: Theravada, or Hinayana
(Sri Lanka, Thailand, Burma, Cambodia), Mahayana (China, Japan, Vietnam, Korea), and Vajrayana
(Tibet, Mongolia and Japan).
Their Life goal is Nirvana (A place of great condition, or complete ... Show more content on
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Understand his relationship to the heavens and earth. Beginning as early as the prehistoric age, it is
evident from cave paintings that religious rites may have been used to ensure the success of hunting,
fertility, and harvests.
Confucianism began about 2,500 years ago in China. The founder Supreme Sage K'ung–fu–tsu
(Confucius) and Secong Sage Meng–tzu (Mencius).
Its, Doctrine of the Mean, Great Learning and Mencius.
Confucianism has been for over 25 centuries, the dominant philosophical system in China and the
guiding light in almost every aspect of Chinese life. Confucius and his followers traveled throughout
the many feudal states of the Chinese empire, persuading rulers to adopt his social reforms. They did
not offer a point–by–point program, but stressed instead the "Way," or "One Thread," Jen, which is
(translated as "humanity or love") that runs through all Confucius' teachings. They urged individuals
to strive for perfect virtue, righteousness (called Yi) and improvement of character. They taught the
importance of harmony in the family, order in the state and peace in the empire, which they saw as
inherently interdependent. Teachings emphasize a code of conduct, self–cultivation and propriety –
and thus the attainment of social and national order. Stress is more on human duty and the ideal of
the "superior man" than on a divine or supramundane Reality. Still, Confucius fasted, worshiped

Eightfold Path Of Siddhartha

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