R is NOT reflexive since (c,c) doesnt belong to R
R is symmetric since for all x is related to y, y is related to x, i.e
(a,a), (a,a) both are present in R,
(b,b), (b,b) both are present in R,
(b,c), (c,b) both are present in R,
(c,b), (b,c) both are present in R,
(d,d), (d,d) both are present in R,
=>
R is Symmetric
R is NOT transitive since
(c,b) and (b,c) belong to R but (c,c) deosnt belong to R
=>
R is only symmetric
Solution
R is NOT reflexive since (c,c) doesnt belong to R
R is symmetric since for all x is related to y, y is related to x, i.e
(a,a), (a,a) both are present in R,
(b,b), (b,b) both are present in R,
(b,c), (c,b) both are present in R,
(c,b), (b,c) both are present in R,
(d,d), (d,d) both are present in R,
=>
R is Symmetric
R is NOT transitive since
(c,b) and (b,c) belong to R but (c,c) deosnt belong to R
=>
R is only symmetric.
Relations and their Properties
CMSC 56 | Discrete Mathematical Structure for Computer Science
November 9, 2018
Instructor: Allyn Joy D. Calcaben
College of Arts & Sciences
University of the Philippines Visayas
Discrete Mathematics - Relations. ... Relations may exist between objects of the same set or between objects of two or more sets. Definition and Properties. A binary relation R from set x to y (written as x R y o r R ( x , y ) ) is a subset of the Cartesian product x × y .
the quick brown the quick brown the quick brown the quick brown the quick brown the quick brown the quick brown the quick brown the quick brown the quick brown the quick brown the quick brown the quick brown the quick brown
Relations and their Properties
CMSC 56 | Discrete Mathematical Structure for Computer Science
November 9, 2018
Instructor: Allyn Joy D. Calcaben
College of Arts & Sciences
University of the Philippines Visayas
Discrete Mathematics - Relations. ... Relations may exist between objects of the same set or between objects of two or more sets. Definition and Properties. A binary relation R from set x to y (written as x R y o r R ( x , y ) ) is a subset of the Cartesian product x × y .
the quick brown the quick brown the quick brown the quick brown the quick brown the quick brown the quick brown the quick brown the quick brown the quick brown the quick brown the quick brown the quick brown the quick brown
The transportation planning is considering a large denstial things l.pdfannamalaicells
The transportation planning is considering a large denstial things like trip generation to its
design, it never shows or followed any single result after the precise evluation. That is due to
following reason-
Transportation helps shape an area’s economic health and quality of life. Not only does the
transportation system provide for the mobility of people and goods, it also influences patterns of
growth and economic activity by providing access to land. The performance of the system affects
public policy concerns like air quality, environmental resource consumption, social equity, land
use, urban growth, economic development, safety, and security. Transportation planning
recognizes the critical links between transportation and other societal goals. The planning
process is more than merely listing highway and transit capital projects. It requires developing
strategies for operating, managing, maintaining, and financing the area’s transportation system in
such a way as to advance the area’s long-term goals. In all the aspects we considered a average
calculation for more betterment.
Air Quality- In it we also calculate the air monitering devices and mobile/area pollution
producers, in order to it we design the next transporting data.
Congestion Management Process (CMP) -Increase the frequency or severity of existing
violations of the standards that is also issue in planning.
Financial Planning and Programming - this is a main factor that influence the planning due to
more negotiation between local bodied.
Freight Movement - More availability to the road and vehicle should be always under
consideration.
Land Use and Transportation- The Right to Way is always a facctor for proper construction.
Performance Measures - duration and durability behaves as a standard.
Planning and Environment Linkages
Public Involvement - how it is useful for public and how much for government body is always a
factor.
Safety - Very neccesary topic in planning purpose.
Security
System Management and Operations (M&O)
Technology Applications for Planning: Models, GIS, and Visualization
Title VI/Environmental Justice (EJ)
Transportation Asset Management
Other local transpotation link and data
Solution
The transportation planning is considering a large denstial things like trip generation to its
design, it never shows or followed any single result after the precise evluation. That is due to
following reason-
Transportation helps shape an area’s economic health and quality of life. Not only does the
transportation system provide for the mobility of people and goods, it also influences patterns of
growth and economic activity by providing access to land. The performance of the system affects
public policy concerns like air quality, environmental resource consumption, social equity, land
use, urban growth, economic development, safety, and security. Transportation planning
recognizes the critical links between transportation and other societal goals. The planning
process is mo.
the feature that distinguish animals from organisms in other multice.pdfannamalaicells
the feature that distinguish animals from organisms in other multicellular kingdoms is that the
animals are ingestive heterotrophs. Animals ingest food through the mouth and digest it in the
digestive system but other organisms they absorb food through the body walls and digest by
secreting enzymes or acids.
Solution
the feature that distinguish animals from organisms in other multicellular kingdoms is that the
animals are ingestive heterotrophs. Animals ingest food through the mouth and digest it in the
digestive system but other organisms they absorb food through the body walls and digest by
secreting enzymes or acids..
The Roman numeral is used in the Stock system of .pdfannamalaicells
The Roman numeral is used in the Stock system of nomenclature to indicate the
oxidation number of the positive element when the element has more than one positive oxidation
number. For instance, iron always requires a Roman numeral because iron can have two
oxidation numbers, +2 and +3. Not all elements require a Roman numeral in the name. Sodium
does not require a Roman numeral because it has only one oxidation number, +1. Use it when
you have a metal that can have multiple charges(oxidation states). Usually roman numerals are
only used with transition metals which are the metals in the middle of the periodic table like
Iron(Fe), Copper(Cu) etc. Notable exceptions are Silver(Ag), Zinc(Zn) and Cadmium(Cd). Even
though these elements are in the middle of the periodic table we never use roman numerals with
them because Silver is always +1, Zn is always +2 and Cadmium is always +2, so since they
cannot have more than one charge there\'s no need to use roman numerals. Roman numerals are
also used with Lead(Pb), Tin(Sn) and Bismuth(Bi) even though they\'re not in the middle of the
periodic table because they can have more than one charge. The roman numeral indicates the
charge on the metal so Iron(III) means Iron with a +3 charge which is Fe^3+(Fe with a +3
charge). Similarly, Lead(IV) means Pb^4+(Pb with a +4 charge). Note that Mercury(I) is
Hg2^2+(that is Hg2 with a +2 charge). It\'s a weird metal ion. Roman numerals are also used
with some of the inner transition metals which are at the bottom of the periodic table by
themselves but you don\'t encounter those elements too often in chemistry classes unless you\'re
studying nuclear chemistry or some form of advanced chemistry.
Solution
The Roman numeral is used in the Stock system of nomenclature to indicate the
oxidation number of the positive element when the element has more than one positive oxidation
number. For instance, iron always requires a Roman numeral because iron can have two
oxidation numbers, +2 and +3. Not all elements require a Roman numeral in the name. Sodium
does not require a Roman numeral because it has only one oxidation number, +1. Use it when
you have a metal that can have multiple charges(oxidation states). Usually roman numerals are
only used with transition metals which are the metals in the middle of the periodic table like
Iron(Fe), Copper(Cu) etc. Notable exceptions are Silver(Ag), Zinc(Zn) and Cadmium(Cd). Even
though these elements are in the middle of the periodic table we never use roman numerals with
them because Silver is always +1, Zn is always +2 and Cadmium is always +2, so since they
cannot have more than one charge there\'s no need to use roman numerals. Roman numerals are
also used with Lead(Pb), Tin(Sn) and Bismuth(Bi) even though they\'re not in the middle of the
periodic table because they can have more than one charge. The roman numeral indicates the
charge on the metal so Iron(III) means Iron with a +3 charge which is Fe^3+(Fe with a +3
charge). Sim.
The methylene protons in cyclopentadiene are acid.pdfannamalaicells
The methylene protons in cyclopentadiene are acidic enough to be removed by
sodium methoxide providing the cyclopentadienyl anion.
Solution
The methylene protons in cyclopentadiene are acidic enough to be removed by
sodium methoxide providing the cyclopentadienyl anion..
The answer is A When light elements fuse, they g.pdfannamalaicells
The answer is A When light elements fuse, they give off energy due to the change
in forces acting upon them. For heavy elements, the opposite is true.
Solution
The answer is A When light elements fuse, they give off energy due to the change
in forces acting upon them. For heavy elements, the opposite is true..
The bond between C and C is a covalent bond but w.pdfannamalaicells
The bond between C and C is a covalent bond but where as in the case of C and N
is like an ionic bond. Because C and N are different atoms and that too N has more electro -vety
than C. In the C-C bond, the bond is formed in the same atoms and there is no difference in the
elctro-vety between those 2 atoms. The bond is purely covalent bond and the shared pair of
elctrons were shared inbetween those atoms. In the case of C-N bond, the bond is formed in
between 2 different atoms and there is a difference in the elctro-vety between those 2 atoms.
Since N has more electr-vety, it has the capability of attracting the shared pair of electrons
toward it. So the bond is not purely covalent. It has the character of ionic bond. So the bond
between C-N is weeker than the bond between C-C though, the C-C bond length is longer than
C-N bond. this can be explained in terms of degree of covalent vs ionic character of the bonds.
N is more electronegative than C, hence it is able to polarise the electron cloud of C in the C-N
bond, pulling the shared pair of electrons in the bond closer to itself. this results in a higher ionic
character of the bond as opposed to covalent character, hence the bond is weaker compared to a
C-C bond.
Solution
The bond between C and C is a covalent bond but where as in the case of C and N
is like an ionic bond. Because C and N are different atoms and that too N has more electro -vety
than C. In the C-C bond, the bond is formed in the same atoms and there is no difference in the
elctro-vety between those 2 atoms. The bond is purely covalent bond and the shared pair of
elctrons were shared inbetween those atoms. In the case of C-N bond, the bond is formed in
between 2 different atoms and there is a difference in the elctro-vety between those 2 atoms.
Since N has more electr-vety, it has the capability of attracting the shared pair of electrons
toward it. So the bond is not purely covalent. It has the character of ionic bond. So the bond
between C-N is weeker than the bond between C-C though, the C-C bond length is longer than
C-N bond. this can be explained in terms of degree of covalent vs ionic character of the bonds.
N is more electronegative than C, hence it is able to polarise the electron cloud of C in the C-N
bond, pulling the shared pair of electrons in the bond closer to itself. this results in a higher ionic
character of the bond as opposed to covalent character, hence the bond is weaker compared to a
C-C bond..
Methyl group is electron releasing in nature ; it.pdfannamalaicells
Methyl group is electron releasing in nature ; it destabilises the corresponding
phenoxide ion as compared to the phenoxide ion obtained from phenol.
Solution
Methyl group is electron releasing in nature ; it destabilises the corresponding
phenoxide ion as compared to the phenoxide ion obtained from phenol..
Hydronium ion concentration = S then S^2 = [4.07.pdfannamalaicells
Hydronium ion concentration = S then S^2 = [4.07*10^-4]*[1.0*10^-4] s = 2.02
*10^-4 M
Solution
Hydronium ion concentration = S then S^2 = [4.07*10^-4]*[1.0*10^-4] s = 2.02
*10^-4 M.
Due to hydrogen bonding Quinizarin is a orange-re.pdfannamalaicells
Due to hydrogen bonding Quinizarin is a orange-red crystalline compound. It is
soluble in ethanol, diethyl ether, benzene and hot water. It has an only limited solubility in cold
water. Quinizarin can be oxidized to form 1,4,9,10-anthradiquinone by led tetraacetate.
Solution
Due to hydrogen bonding Quinizarin is a orange-red crystalline compound. It is
soluble in ethanol, diethyl ether, benzene and hot water. It has an only limited solubility in cold
water. Quinizarin can be oxidized to form 1,4,9,10-anthradiquinone by led tetraacetate..
covalent radius increases from top to bottom and .pdfannamalaicells
covalent radius increases from top to bottom and from right toleft. (Fr has the
largest radius). N < C < B < P < Si N has the smallest covalent radius.
Solution
covalent radius increases from top to bottom and from right toleft. (Fr has the
largest radius). N < C < B < P < Si N has the smallest covalent radius..
Nasal cavity. Its mucus moistens the incoming air and traps dust. It.pdfannamalaicells
Nasal cavity. Its mucus moistens the incoming air and traps dust. It also has cilia which remove
out the particles trapped in mucus.
Solution
Nasal cavity. Its mucus moistens the incoming air and traps dust. It also has cilia which remove
out the particles trapped in mucus..
Geometry is one of the earliest branches of Mathematics to be discus.pdfannamalaicells
Geometry is one of the earliest branches of Mathematics to be discussed. Its beginnings can be
traced in ancient Egypt or early or before 1700 B.C. Due to necessity, every time the Nile River
inundated and deposited fertile soil along the bank, the early Egyptian had to solve the problem
of size and boundaries of land along the Nile River. Changes happened in the contour of the land
had caused confusion among landowners. So a system of making boundaries, measuring lengths
and areas had to be discovered. From this circumstance the name
Solution
Geometry is one of the earliest branches of Mathematics to be discussed. Its beginnings can be
traced in ancient Egypt or early or before 1700 B.C. Due to necessity, every time the Nile River
inundated and deposited fertile soil along the bank, the early Egyptian had to solve the problem
of size and boundaries of land along the Nile River. Changes happened in the contour of the land
had caused confusion among landowners. So a system of making boundaries, measuring lengths
and areas had to be discovered. From this circumstance the name.
4) the union of egg and sperm forma a zygote which is singled celled.pdfannamalaicells
4) the union of egg and sperm forma a zygote which is singled celled diploid fertilized egg.
5) The site of the fetal development is the uterus.
6) The normal pH of urine in the morning is slightly acidic as no food is consumed while
sleeping which range from 4.5-7.0. by evening the urine becomes slightly alkaline.
7) During the fifth week of pregnancy or the third week after the conception fetal development
begins. this is known as the embryonis period
8) The tubular fluid moving into the collecting tubule is known as urine.
Solution
4) the union of egg and sperm forma a zygote which is singled celled diploid fertilized egg.
5) The site of the fetal development is the uterus.
6) The normal pH of urine in the morning is slightly acidic as no food is consumed while
sleeping which range from 4.5-7.0. by evening the urine becomes slightly alkaline.
7) During the fifth week of pregnancy or the third week after the conception fetal development
begins. this is known as the embryonis period
8) The tubular fluid moving into the collecting tubule is known as urine..
The Indian economy is classified into different sectors to simplify the analysis and understanding of economic activities. For Class 10, it's essential to grasp the sectors of the Indian economy, understand their characteristics, and recognize their importance. This guide will provide detailed notes on the Sectors of the Indian Economy Class 10, using specific long-tail keywords to enhance comprehension.
For more information, visit-www.vavaclasses.com
Unit 8 - Information and Communication Technology (Paper I).pdfThiyagu K
This slides describes the basic concepts of ICT, basics of Email, Emerging Technology and Digital Initiatives in Education. This presentations aligns with the UGC Paper I syllabus.
Model Attribute Check Company Auto PropertyCeline George
In Odoo, the multi-company feature allows you to manage multiple companies within a single Odoo database instance. Each company can have its own configurations while still sharing common resources such as products, customers, and suppliers.
How to Split Bills in the Odoo 17 POS ModuleCeline George
Bills have a main role in point of sale procedure. It will help to track sales, handling payments and giving receipts to customers. Bill splitting also has an important role in POS. For example, If some friends come together for dinner and if they want to divide the bill then it is possible by POS bill splitting. This slide will show how to split bills in odoo 17 POS.
Synthetic Fiber Construction in lab .pptxPavel ( NSTU)
Synthetic fiber production is a fascinating and complex field that blends chemistry, engineering, and environmental science. By understanding these aspects, students can gain a comprehensive view of synthetic fiber production, its impact on society and the environment, and the potential for future innovations. Synthetic fibers play a crucial role in modern society, impacting various aspects of daily life, industry, and the environment. ynthetic fibers are integral to modern life, offering a range of benefits from cost-effectiveness and versatility to innovative applications and performance characteristics. While they pose environmental challenges, ongoing research and development aim to create more sustainable and eco-friendly alternatives. Understanding the importance of synthetic fibers helps in appreciating their role in the economy, industry, and daily life, while also emphasizing the need for sustainable practices and innovation.
The French Revolution, which began in 1789, was a period of radical social and political upheaval in France. It marked the decline of absolute monarchies, the rise of secular and democratic republics, and the eventual rise of Napoleon Bonaparte. This revolutionary period is crucial in understanding the transition from feudalism to modernity in Europe.
For more information, visit-www.vavaclasses.com
This is a presentation by Dada Robert in a Your Skill Boost masterclass organised by the Excellence Foundation for South Sudan (EFSS) on Saturday, the 25th and Sunday, the 26th of May 2024.
He discussed the concept of quality improvement, emphasizing its applicability to various aspects of life, including personal, project, and program improvements. He defined quality as doing the right thing at the right time in the right way to achieve the best possible results and discussed the concept of the "gap" between what we know and what we do, and how this gap represents the areas we need to improve. He explained the scientific approach to quality improvement, which involves systematic performance analysis, testing and learning, and implementing change ideas. He also highlighted the importance of client focus and a team approach to quality improvement.
Operation “Blue Star” is the only event in the history of Independent India where the state went into war with its own people. Even after about 40 years it is not clear if it was culmination of states anger over people of the region, a political game of power or start of dictatorial chapter in the democratic setup.
The people of Punjab felt alienated from main stream due to denial of their just demands during a long democratic struggle since independence. As it happen all over the word, it led to militant struggle with great loss of lives of military, police and civilian personnel. Killing of Indira Gandhi and massacre of innocent Sikhs in Delhi and other India cities was also associated with this movement.
Read| The latest issue of The Challenger is here! We are thrilled to announce that our school paper has qualified for the NATIONAL SCHOOLS PRESS CONFERENCE (NSPC) 2024. Thank you for your unwavering support and trust. Dive into the stories that made us stand out!
R is NOT reflexive since (c,c) doesnt belong to RR is symmetric si.pdf
1. R is NOT reflexive since (c,c) doesnt belong to R
R is symmetric since for all x is related to y, y is related to x, i.e
(a,a), (a,a) both are present in R,
(b,b), (b,b) both are present in R,
(b,c), (c,b) both are present in R,
(c,b), (b,c) both are present in R,
(d,d), (d,d) both are present in R,
=>
R is Symmetric
R is NOT transitive since
(c,b) and (b,c) belong to R but (c,c) deosnt belong to R
=>
R is only symmetric
Solution
R is NOT reflexive since (c,c) doesnt belong to R
R is symmetric since for all x is related to y, y is related to x, i.e
(a,a), (a,a) both are present in R,
(b,b), (b,b) both are present in R,
(b,c), (c,b) both are present in R,
(c,b), (b,c) both are present in R,
(d,d), (d,d) both are present in R,
=>
R is Symmetric
R is NOT transitive since
(c,b) and (b,c) belong to R but (c,c) deosnt belong to R
=>
R is only symmetric
