1. The Project Presentation
On
“Detail Hydrogeochemical and Geomorphological Study of Kondeshwar
Miniwatershed”
Guide
Dr.SFR Khadri
Professor and Head
P.G. Dept. of Geology
Submitted By
Ankit G. Deshmukh
(PGDWTM) SEM II
P.G. Department of Geology
Year – 2013-14

2. INTRODUCTION
 Water is essential to all life forms.
 Water is an essential resource for the development of Agriculture, Industries
and living organism
 Salt water in ocean, seas and saline groundwater make up about 97% of it.
Only
2.5–2.75% is fresh water, including 1.75–2% frozen in glaciers, ice and snow.
 0.7–0.8% as fresh groundwater and soil moisture, and less than 0.01% of it
as surface water in lakes, swamps and rivers.
 A watershed is an area of land that drains all the streams and rainfall to a
common outlet such as the outflow of a reservoir, mouth of a bay, or any point
along a stream channel

3. OBJECTIVE OF THE PROJECT
 To study are prevailing geology of an area.
 To study water quality of an area.
 To study morphometric analysis of the basin using GIS Technique.
 To interpret the ground water conditions.
 To study water management of the study area.

4. METHODOLOGY
 To study water quality parameter grab sampling was done.
 Preparation of Drainage map, location map, Digitization etc with the help of
GIS software and toposheet no. 55H/9 & 55H/13.
 Detailed Analysis of water samples collected from wells.
 Collections of literature from various sources (Internet, books, Dissertation)
and study it.
 To analyze and interpret the collected data

5. Title Details
Name of Watershed Kondeshwar River
District Amravati
State Maharashtra
Toposheet No. 55 H/9 & 55 H/13
Latitude 200 54’ N
Longitude 770 38’ E
Total area 464 sq.m
Drainage Dendretic
Kharip crops Cotton, soybean, gram.
Rabbi crops Wheat and Bengal gram
Perennial Crops Orange, Fruits.
Study Area
General Information about Study Area

6. Location Map of study area
Map of India Map of Maharashtra
Map of Amravati city Map of study area

7. HYDROLOGY AND RAINFALL
 Occurrence of Ground Water :-
Basaltic lava flows can still be divided into three possible subunits.
1) Weathered basalt
2) Jointed and fractured basalt
3) Vesicular basalt
 These three are principal water bearing formations found in the area
 Ground Water Condition :-
 Ground water condition good in the southern plain of area the
condition has been further improved because of artificial
recharge by way of nalla bunding, peculation tank, etc
 Depth of well ranges from 12 to 20 mt while diameter ranges from
3.05 to 5 mt.

8. Climate and Rainfall
 The Climate of the study area is characterized by a hot summer and
general dryness throughout the year except during the south-west
monsoon season, i.e. June to September.
 The mean minimum temperature is 15.1°C and means maximum
temperature is 42.2°C.
 The normal annual rainfall over the study area varies from 700
mm to about 1700 mm.
 Ground Water becomes the main sources for domestic as well as for
Irrigation purpose.

9. GEOMORPHOLOGY
 The Kondeshwar Watershed comprises an area about 464 Sq.m.
 It shows dendretic drainage pattern
 The entire basaltic terrain can be classified as Deccan trap plateau.
 The landform of highly dissected plateau occurs in the north-western and
the central part of the area.
 The moderately dissected basaltic plateau landforms are occurs in the
south eastern part of the district.
 The slightly dissected plateau landform is mostly undulating landform
occupying the valley areas and the plains.

10. Contour Map of Study Area

11. Slope map of study area

12. MORPHOMETRIC ANALYSIS
 Morphometry is the measurement and mathematical analysis of the
configuration of the earth's surface, shape and dimension of its landforms.
Stream
Order (U)
Number of
Streams
(Nu)
Total length of
Streams in meter
(Lu)
Bifurcation
Ratio (Rb)
Average stream
Length (m)
1 64 50537 3.55 789.640
2 18 22285 4.5 1238.055
3 4 17222 4 4305.5
4 1 9283 0 9283
Total 87 99327 12.05 15616.195
Total average stream length =1141.68
Mean Bifurcation Ratio = 6.025
Linear aspects of drainage network

13. Drainage map of study area

14. OBSERVATIONS AND RESULTS
Sr. No. Parameter Sample1 Sample2 `Sample3 Sample4
1) Colour Colourless Colourless Colourless Colourless
2) Temperature 270c 230c 230c 230c
3) Turbidity 42NTU 6NTU 8NTU 5NTU
4) pH 6.9 6.8 6.7 7.5
5) Conductivity 579
µmho/cm
633 µmho/cm 4600µmho/c
m
1108
µmho/cm
7) Total dissolved
solids
600 mg/lit 750 mg/lit 2800 mg/lit 1600 mg/lit
8) Dissolve oxygen 8 mg/lit 4.8 mg/lit 0.4 mg/lit 3.2 mg/lit
9) Total alkalinity 448 mg/lit 480 mg/lit 652 mg/lit 424 mg/lit
10) Total hardness 750 mg/lit 364 mg/lit 842 mg/lit 428mg/lit
11) Calcium hardness 262.92 mg/lit 73.74 mg/lit 238.87 mg/lit 96.99 mg/lit
12) Magnesium
hardness
487.08 mg/lit 290.26 mg/lit 603.13 mg/lit 331.01
mg/lit
13) Chlorides 88.04 mg/lit 88.04 mg/lit 1079.2 mg/lit 156.2 mg/lit
14) Sodium 33.3 mg/lit 23.5 mg/lit 23.7mg/lit 18.7 mg/lit
15) Nitrate 30.7 mg/lit 29.1 mg/lit 37.8 mg/lit 23.8 mg/lit
Physico-Chemical parameters of kondeshwar River water sample.

15. SR.
No.
Parameter Sample5 Sample6 Sample7 Sample8
1) Colour Colorless Colorless Colorless Colorless
2) Temperature 220C 230C 230C 230C
3) Turbidity 8NTU 10NTU 6NTU 7NTU
4) pH 9 7.8 9 7.8
5) Conductivity 1956
µmho/cm
1745 µmho/cm 1030
µmho/cm
813 µmho/cm
7) Total dissolved
solids
1840 mg/lit 1560 mg/lit 1200 mg/lit 700 mg/lit
8) Dissolve oxygen 2.8 mg/lit 3.6 mg/lit 4 mg/lit 8.4 mg/lit
9) Total alkalinity 564 mg/lit 544 mg/lit 528 mg/lit 420 mg/lit
10) Total hardness 234.86 mg/lit 530 mg/lit 420 mg/lit 620 mg/lit
11) Calcium hardness 130.66mg/lit 112.22 mg/lit 39.27 mg/lit 34.10 mg/lit
12) Magnesium hardness 104.2 mg/lit 417.78 mg/lit 380.70 mg/lit 280.01 mg/lit
13) Chlorides 315.24mg/lit 227.2 mg/lit 144.84 mg/lit 65.32 mg/lit
14) Sodium 28.5 mg/lit 21.2 mg/lit 22.7 mg/lit 26.5 mg/lit
15) Nitrate 30.5 mg/lit 23.7 mg/lit 23.3 mg/lit 32.2 mg/lit
Physico-Chemical parameters of kondeshwar River water sample.

16. 0
5
10
15
20
25
30
1 2 3 4 5 6 7
27
23 23 23
22
23 23
Temperature0c
Sample No.
Temperature
Variation in Temperature at different sites
0
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8
6.9 6.8 6.7
7.5
9
7.8
9
7.8
Ph
Sample No.
pH
Variation in pH at different sites.

17. 0
500
1000
1500
2000
2500
3000
3500
4000
4500
5000
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8
579 633
4600
1108
1956
1745
1030
813
ElectricalConductivityµmho/cm
Sample No.
Electrical Conductivity
Variation in Electrical conductivity
at different sites.
0
100
200
300
400
500
600
700
800
900
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8
750
364
842
428
234.86
530
420
620
TotalHardnessmg/lit
Sample No.
Total Hardness
Variation in Total Hardness
at different sites

18. 0
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8
8
4.8
0.4
3.2
2.8
3.6
4
8.4
DissolvedOxygenmg/lit
Sample No.
Dissolve oxygen
Variation in Dissolved oxygen
at different sites.
0
100
200
300
400
500
600
700
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8
448
480
652
424
564 544 528
420
TotalAlkalinitymg/lit
Sample No.
Total Alkalinity
Variation in Total Alkalinity
at different sites.

19. 0
500
1000
1500
2000
2500
3000
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8
600
750
2800
1600
1840
1560
1200
700
TotalDissolvedSolidsmg/lit
Sample No.
Total dissolved solids
Variation in Total Dissolved Solids
at different sites
0
100
200
300
400
500
600
700
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8
487.08
290.26
603.13
331.01
104.2
417.78
380.7
280.01
MagnesiumHardnessmg/lit
Sample No.
Magnesium Hardness
Variation in Magnesium Hardness
at Different Sites

20. 0
50
100
150
200
250
300
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8
262.92
73.74
238.87
96.99
130.66
112.22
39.27 34.1
CalciumHardnessmg/lit
Sample No.
Calcium Hardness
Variation in calcium Hardness
at different sites.
0
200
400
600
800
1000
1200
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8
88.04 88.04
1079.2
156.2
315.24
227.2
144.84
65.32
Chloridemg/lit
Sample No.
Chlorides
Variation in Chloride at different sites.

21. 0
5
10
15
20
25
30
35
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8
33.3
23.5 23.7
18.7
28.5
21.2
22.7
26.5
Sodiummg/lit
Sample No.
Sodium
Variation in sodium of water samples at different sites

22. CONCLUSION
 Chemical testing of water showed Ca and Mg hardness above the
permissible limit of drinking water standard which makes the water hard to use it
for domestic purpose.
 Only the well water at katamla village showed higher alkalinity. Overall it can
be
reduce that after removing hardness the water can be safe to use for drinking
purpose.
 Morphometric analysis of drainage basin or channel network plays an importan
role understanding hydrological behaviour of drainage basin.
 Morphometric analysis of Kondeshwar river basin shows the dendretic drainag
pattern.

23.  The analysis has revealed that the total no. and length of stream
segment is maximum in first order streams and decreases as the
stream order increases.
 The result demonstrated the presence of structural, denudation, and
alluvial landforms.
 The area fall under “Over-Exploited” category, the existing dug and
Bore wells may also be used for artificial recharge of ground
water.

24. FIELDS PHOTOS

25. THANK YOU