1.) If phi is thrival, kernal will be one to one. And |kern | = 9 2.) As phi is one to one, kernal will be trivial. And |ker| = 9 And for c, kernel is also neither. Solution 1.) If phi is thrival, kernal will be one to one. And |kern | = 9 2.) As phi is one to one, kernal will be trivial. And |ker| = 9 And for c, kernel is also neither..