This PPT is done by Anjali S Rao, a student of 2nd year B.E. Civil, studying in A J Institute of Engineering and Technology, Kottara Chowki, Mangaluru. Contents : 1)Gateway of India 2)Chhatrapati Shivaji Maharaj Terminus 3)The Taj Mahal Palace Hotel

1. MAHARASHTRA
STATE OF INDIA
Anjali S Rao, 2nd Year B.E.
Civil
AJIET, Mangaluru
Motto :
Pratipaccandralēkhēva vardhiṣṇurviśva vanditā mahārāṣṭrasya rājyasya
mudrā bhadrāya rājatē
(The glory of Maharashtra will grow like the first day moon. It will be
worshipped by the world and will shine only for the well-being of its people.)

2. INDEX
INTRODUCTION
MUMBAI, THE CAPITAL CITY OF MAHARASHTRA
GATEWAY OF INDIA
CHHATRAPATI SHIVAJI MAHARAJ TERMINUS
TAJ MAHAL PALACE HOTEL
QUOTE

3. INTRODUCTION
 Maharashtra is a state in the western peninsular region of India occupying a substantial
portion of the Deccan Plateau.
 As the home of the Marathi people, Maharashtra is the second-most populous state in India
as well as the second-most populous country subdivision and it is the third-
largest state by area in India spreading over 118,809 sq mi.
 Maharashtra was formed on 1 May 1960 by splitting the bilingual Bombay State, which
had existed since 1956, into majority Marathi-speaking Maharashtra and Gujarati
speaking Gujarat, respectively.
 The state capital is Mumbai, the most populous urban area in India.
 Marathi is the most widely spoken language and is also the official language of the state.
 Maharashtra is bordered by the Arabian Sea to the west, the Indian states of Karnataka and
Goa to the south, Telangana to the southeast and Chhattisgarh to the east, Gujarat and
Madhya Pradesh to the north, and the Indian union territory of Dadra and Nagar Haveli and
Daman and Diu to the northwest.

4. The state has two international airports,
Chhatrapati Shivaji Maharaj International Airport (Mumbai) and
Dr. Babasaheb Ambedkar International Airport (Nagpur).
The state is home to three railways headquarters viz.
Central Railway (Chhatrapati Shivaji Maharaj
Terminus), Konkan Railway (CBD Belapur) and
Western Railway (Churchgate).
The High Court of the state viz. Bombay High Court is located in
Mumbai.
Prior to Indian Independence, Maharashtra was
chronologically ruled by the Satavahana dynasty, Rashtrakuta
dynasty, Western Chalukyas, Deccan sultanates, Mughals and
Marathas, and the British.
Ruins, monuments, tombs, forts, and places of worship left by
these rulers are dotted around the state.
Maharashtra is the most industrialised state in India while state

5. MUMBAI Mumbai (formely know as Bombay, the official name until
1995) is the capital of the Indian state of Maharashtra.
 Named from Mumbadevi.
 Mumbai lies on the Konkan coast on the west coast of
India and has a deep natural harbour.
 On the Mumbai Harbour waterfront stands the iconic
Gateway of India stone arch, built by the British Raj in
1924.
 Offshore, nearby Elephanta Island holds ancient cave
temples dedicated to the Hindu god Shiva which comes
under UNESCO World Heritage Sites.
 Figure : Top to bottom : South Bombay skyline day and
night

6. GATEWAY OF INDIA
 The Gateway of India is an arch-monument built in the early 20th century
in the city of Mumbai, in the Indian state of Maharashtra.
 It was erected to commemorate the landing in December 1911
at Apollo Bunder, Mumbai (then Bombay) of King-
Emperor George V and Queen-Empress Mary, the first British monarch to
visit India.
 At the time of the royal visit, the gateway was not yet built, and a
cardboard structure greeted the monarch.
 The foundation stone was laid in March 1913 for a monument built
in the Indo-Saracenic style, incorporating elements of 16th-century
Marathi architecture.
 The final design of the monument by architect George Wittet was
sanctioned only in 1914, and construction was completed in 1924.
 The structure is a triumphal arch made of basalt, which is 26 metres (85
feet) high.
Sunrise

7. FEATURES
 Type : Triumphal arch
 Architectural style : Gujarat Sultanate's
architecture
 Cost : 21 lakhs
 Owner : Archaeological Survey of
India
 Height : 26 m (85 ft)
 Diameter : 15 metres (49 feet)
 Architect : George Wittet

8. CHHATRAPATI SHIVAJI
MAHARAJ TERMINUS
 Chhatrapati Shivaji Terminus (officially Chhatrapati Shivaji Maharaj Terminus),
also known by its former name Victoria Terminus, is a historic terminal train station
and UNESCO World Heritage Site in Mumbai, Maharashtra, India.
 The terminus was designed by British born architectural engineer Frederick William
Stevens, in an exuberant Italian Gothic style.
 Its construction began in 1878, in a location south of
the old Bori Bunder railway station, and was completed in 1887, the year marking 50
years of Queen Victoria's rule, the building being renamed, Victoria Terminus.
 In March 1996 the station's name was changed to "Chhatrapati Shivaji Terminus"
after Shivaji, the 17th-century warrior chieftain who employed guerilla tactics to
contest the declining Mughal Empire and found a new state in the western Marathi-
speaking regions of the Deccan Plateau.
 Shivaji's name is often preceded by "Chhatrapati", a title with literal meaning, "a
king dignified by the emblem of a parasol; a great king."
 In 2017, the station was again renamed "Chhatrapati Shivaji Maharaj Terminus,
where the title Maharaj has literal meaning, "Great king; emperor."
 The terminus is the headquarters of India's Central Railway.
 It is one of the busiest railway stations in India, serving as a terminal for both long-
distance and suburban trains.

9. STRUCTURE The station building is designed in the High Victorian Gothic style of architecture.
 The building exhibits a fusion of influences from Victorian Italianate Gothic Revival architecture and
classical Indian architecture.
 The skyline, turrets, pointed arches, and eccentric ground plan are close to classical Indian
palace architecture.
 Externally, the wood carving, tiles, ornamental iron and brass railings, grills for the ticket
offices, the balustrades for the grand staircases and other ornaments were the work of students at
the Sir Jamsetjee Jeejobhoy School of Art.
 The station stands as an example of 19th-century railway architectural marvels for its advanced structural
and technical solutions.
 The CSMT was constructed using a high level of engineering both in terms of railway and civil engineering.
 It is one of the first and finest products of the use of industrial technology, merged with the Gothic Revival
style in India.
 The centrally domed office structure has a 330-foot-long platform connected to a 1,200-foot-long train
shed, and its outline provides the skeleton plan for the building.

10. An evening view
The symbol of Progress, featured on the top of the dome, is often
mistaken for that of Queen Victoria

11. FEATURES
 The interior of the building was conceived as a series of large rooms with high ceilings.
 It is a utilitarian building and has had various changes required by the users, not always
sympathetic.
 It has a C-shaped plan which is symmetrical on an east–west axis.
 All the sides of the building are given equal value in the design.
 It is crowned by a high central dome, which acts as the focal point.
 The dome is an octagonal ribbed structure with a colossal female figure symbolizing
Progress, holding a torch pointing upwards in her right hand and a spoked wheel in
her left hand.
 The side wings enclose the courtyard, which opens on to the street.
 The wings are anchored by monumental turrets at each of their four corners, which
balance and frame the central dome.

13.  The facades present the appearance of well-proportioned rows of windows and arches.
 The ornamentation in the form of statuary, bas-reliefs, and friezes is exuberant yet well controlled.
 The columns of the entrance gates are crowned by figures of a lion (representing Great Britain) and
a tiger (representing India).
 The main structure is built from a blend of India sandstone and limestone, while high-quality
Italian marble was used for the key decorative elements.
 The main interiors are also decorated: the ground floor of the North Wing, known as the Star
Chamber, which is still used as the booking office, is embellished with Italian marble and polished
Indian blue stone.
 The stone arches are covered with carved foliage and grotesques.
 Internally, the ceiling of the booking hall was originally painted blue, gold and strong red on a
ground of rich blue with gold stars. Its walls were lined with glazed tiles made by Maw & Co of
Britain.
 Outside, there are statues representing Commerce, Agriculture, Engineering and Science, with a
statue representing Progress on the central dome of the station.

15. LINKS
 https://youtu.be/IpZoLnjqTzY (History of Mumbai Local)
 https://youtu.be/s41MH0IvuAE (Mumbai's iconic CSMT)

16. TAJ MAHAL PALACE HOTEL
 The Taj Mahal Palace Hotel, is a heritage, five-star, luxury hotel built in the
Saracenic Revival style in the Colaba region of Mumbai, Maharashtra, India,
situated next to the Gateway of India.
 Historically it was known as the "Taj Mahal Hotel" or simply "the Taj".
 The hotel is considered one of the finest hotels in the East since the time
of the British Raj.
 It was one of the main sites targeted in the 2008 Mumbai attacks.
 Part of the Taj Hotels Resorts and Palaces, this hotel with its 560 rooms and
44 suites is considered the flagship property of the group; it
employs some 1,600 staff.
 The hotel is made up of two different buildings: the Taj Mahal Palace and
the Tower, which are historically and architecturally distinct from each other
(the Taj Mahal Palace was built at the start of the twentieth century: the
Tower was opened in 1973).
 During World War I, the hotel was converted into a military hospital with
600 beds.
 In 2017, the Taj Mahal Palace Hotel acquired an image trademark, the
first building in the century to secure intellectual-property-right protection
for its architectural design.

17.  Originally the main entrance was on the other side, where now the pool exists, and the ocean was at the
back, although it is now always viewed and photographed from the ocean side.
 When it opened in 1903, the hotel was the first in India to have: electricity, American fans, German
elevators, Turkish baths and English butlers.
 Later it also had the city's first licensed bar, India's first all-day restaurant, and India's first discotheque,
Blow Up.
 The hotel received extensive international exposure in 2008 during a terrorist attack and reopened after
extensive repairs.
​A view of the hotel with the Gateway
of India, as seen from the Arabian Sea

19. FEATURES
 Opening : 16 December 1903
 Owner : Indian Hotels Company Ltd.
 Floor count : 6 floors in the Taj Mahal Palace, 20 floors in the Taj Mahal
Tower
 Architect : Sitaram Khanderao Vaidya & D.N. Mirza
 Number of rooms : 560
 Number of suites : 44
 Number of restaurants : 9

20. 2008 MUMBAI ATTACKS
A view of hotel with
smoke during the attack
 Taj Mahal Palace Hotel was specifically chosen by Lashkar-e-Taiba,
a terror group who attacked multiple targets, for an attack so that it will
be "striking a blow against a symbol of Indian wealth and progress".
 The hotel was attacked on 26 November 2008, during which material
damage occurred, including the destruction of the hotel's roof in the
hours following.
 At least 31 died at the Taj. Approximately 450 people were staying in the
Taj Mahal Palace and Hotel at the time of the seizure.
 The less-damaged sections of the Taj Mahal Palace and Tower hotel
reopened on 21 December 2008. It took several months to rebuild the
popular heritage section of the Taj Mahal Palace Hotel.
 On 15 August 2010, India's Independence Day, the Taj Mahal Palace was
reopened after restoration. The cost of the restoration of the hotel so far
has been 1.75 billion rupees. The palace wing has been restored and
offers new hotel services.
 On 6 November 2010, U.S. President Barack Obama became the first
foreign head of state to stay at the Taj Mahal Palace after the attacks. In a
speech from the terrace of the hotel, Obama said that "the Taj has been

21. QUOTE
"IF YOU THINK
PRESENTATIONS CANNOT
ENCHANT PEOPLE,
THEN YOU HAVE NEVER
SEEN A REALLY GOOD ONE."