Population…A Problem That Most Of The World Simply...

Population…A Problem That Most of the World Simply...
Population...A Problem That Most of the World Simply Disregards There are over Six Billion people
inhabiting the planet earth today and that number is growing. "In the six seconds it takes you to read
this sentence, eighteen more people will be added" (Ehrlich 9). The total population of the World,
projected on October 23, 2001 at 6:28:09 pm GMT was 6,181,600,089 people (U.S. Bureau of the
Census). Each hour there are 11,000 more mouths to feed; each year more than 95 million.
Nevertheless, the world has hundreds of billions fewer tons of topsoil and hundreds of trillions
fewer gallons of groundwater with which to grow food crops than it had in 1968. Millions of people
every year are dying because they are not getting enough ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net
...
They are linked "to food–production statistics, to the prospect of a billion or more deaths from
starvation and disease, and to the possible dissolution of society as we know it" (Ehrlich 11). Our
planet is overcrowded, we have too many people and that affects both our ecosystem, economic
system, and how our society runs. Nature has it's own way of eliminating a problem, and it's
problem is people. We're causing the problem for ourselves. We created global warming because we
emit too many CFC's into the atmosphere by driving gas–guzzling vehicles, and not monitoring our
industrial output. We've created huge holes in our protective ozone, which then cause droughts and
crop failures that may lead to premature deaths of a billion or more people in the next decade. In
addition to more frequent and more severe crop failures, projected consequences of the warming
include coastal flooding, desertification, the creation of as many as 300 million environmental
refugees (Menk 34), alteration of patterns of disease, water shortages, and general stress on natural
ecosystems. AIDS may have existed for thousands of years, but because people are in constant
contact with hundreds of other people, the disease has spread like a wildfire killing hundreds of
millions. Maybe this is nature's way of wiping out our surplus. People need to realize that a more
humane way of reducing our abundance is to use birth control! There are huge numbers of religious
and cultural oppositions
... Get more on HelpWriting.net ...

The Simon Ehrlich Wager Case Summary
The Simon–Ehrlich wager was all about this idea of Malthusian catastrophe (Regis, 1997). The idea
is that because of population growth we are running out of resources and we will eventually exhaust
them all and die out. Julian Simon the so call cornucopian doom slayer challenged the Malthusian
believer Paul Ehrlich to a bet. Simon told Ehrlich that he could pick any–raw material and and any
date in the future. If Simon was correct the eventually price of these resources would decrease or not
change more then inflation and if Ehrlich was correct since we are running out of resources the price
of these metal would increase. Ehrlich selected five assorted metal which included chromium,
copper, nickel, tin and tungsten. In the prices rose Simon ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net
...
I definitely agree with Simon when he talks about the creativity and ingenious of humans. The
innovations we have today in not just the world of food production are absolutely mind blowing.
The machines we use for farming and how we change plants at the genetic level to suit us are some
of the many examples. Granted those inventions can somewhat be debated they are still great
examples of human's ability to problem solve. The part I am less hesitant to agree with is that there
is no problem at all. I think eventually we will reach some sort of semi Malthusian catastrophe. Will
it may not be exactly about food I think it's more likely going to be an issue of land. We only have
so much space on this planet and I think it there is anything that could be used up it would be that.
Also I am not blind to the fact the Simon did somewhat less then problems of species loss. We are
definably losing more then one species a year. Granted when it comes to actual human survival that
may not be an issues but when it comes down to the diversity of life I think that is a problem.
Another issues is that while we can technical always come up for a solution for the growing need for
more food, I think the cost of that is health. Some of the things we are making and doing to feed the
world are not going to always allow for a health existence. Overall, I would say I definitely

Demographic Winter and Its Effects on the Society Essay
Descalzo, Mary Philline T.
September 13, 2013
English 10 WFW1
Concept Paper Final Draft: "Demographic Winter and Its Effect on Society"
For years, people have in mind that the world's population has been increasing annually. While it is
true that a daily increment of 215,060 and yearly growth of 1.10% is happening on our world
population of 7,174,592,903 (United Nations, Department of Economic and Social Affairs
Population Division, population Estimates, and Projections Sections), the demographic trend is
actually changing in contrast to the beliefs of many. Historical events that occurred in the past,
particularly the World Wars, have paved the way for the eradication of a large portion of mankind,
but it also resulted to ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
Russia's birth rate fell from 2.4 in 1990 to 1.17 today – a decline of more than 50% in less than 20
years. Each year, there are more abortions than live births in the Russian Federation (Demographic
Winter).
In U.S. alone, Total Fertility Rate (TFR) is almost 3.5 in the early 1960s, then began declining
sharply –– to below 3.0 in 1965, to about 2.5 (and temporarily holding steady) in the late 1960s, and
down to about 1.8 by the mid–1970s. Hence, the TFR fell by almost half between the early 1960s
and the mid–1970s. After a decade of stability at a level of about 1.8, the total fertility rate rose
slowly after 1986, reaching 2.08 in 1990. It presently stands at a little over 2, just slightly below the
replacement level of 2.11 (Fluctuating Fertility: The Baby Boom and the Baby Bust).
Japan's TFR has continued to fall since dropping below 2.0 in 1975. It slumped to an all–time low of
1.26 in 2005. The number of babies born in the nation in 2012 fell by 13,705 from the previous year
to hit a new low of 1,037,101 (Durden).
With such data on hand, we now ask: "what are the factors that led to demographic winter?"
According to the documentary film Demographic Winter: a Decline of the Human Family, fertility
decline is caused by (1) economic prosperity, (2) sexual revolution, (3) women in the labour force,
(4) Divorce revolution, and (5) inaccurate assumptions.
As developed countries continue to rise in their economic status, a

The Importance Of The Human Population
Throughout time the human species have utilized and relied on the Earth's invaluable natural
resources in order to survive everyday life. As years pass by, the human population is growing at an
alarming rate and resources will become limited if proper steps aren't taken now. During the 1970's
three men, John Holdren, Bary Commoner, and Paul Ehrlich developed a formula which measures
the human impact on the environment. This formula I=PxAxT, refers to human being's impact
equals the product of its population multiplied by affluence and technology. "The world population
is at 6.8 billion. That figure will rise to 9.2 billion by 2050. Meanwhile, climate change is speeding
up alarmingly. So, are there too many of us? And if so, how long before our planet becomes unfit for
purpose?" (Lord 24–26). In this essay, I will attempt to explain my understanding of the IPAT model
and evaluate its current data trends within the human population. Is the IPAT equation an effective
model in determining our detriment to the environment? "Human population growth challenges the
efforts toward sustainability. People who are concerned about the environment, development, and
sustainability are in a position to stress the importance of human population and to encourage people
to choose small family size" (Grossman 1435–1436). Around seventy years ago the average
American family had an estimated 6 children, but in today's time it has diminished to half of that.
Statistically each new birth will

Population Growth Of Human Population
Throughout time the human species have relied upon and utilized the Earth's natural resources in
order to survive everyday life. As years pass by human population is growing at an alarming rate
and resources, in time, can and will become limited if proper steps aren't taken now. During the
1970's three men, John Holdren, Bary Commoner, and Paul Ehrlich developed a formula which
measures the human impact on the environment. This formula I=PxAxT, refers to human being's
impact equals the product of its population multiplied by affluence and technology. "The world
population is at 6.8 billion. That figure will rise to 9.2 billion by 2050. Meanwhile, climate change is
speeding up alarmingly. So, are there too many of us? And if so, how long before our planet
becomes unfit for purpose?" (Lord 24–26). In this essay, I will attempt to explain my understanding
of the IPAT model and evaluate its current data trends within the human population. "Human
population growth challenges the efforts toward sustainability. People who are concerned about the
environment, development, and sustainability are in a position to stress the importance of human
population and to encourage people to choose small family size" (Grossman 1435–1436). Around
seventy years ago the average American family had around 6 children but in today's time it has
diminished to half of that. Statistically each new birth will generate an extra mouth to be fed and the
waste it would produce will contribute to our

The Effects Of Environment On The Environment
Research Report Humans effect the environment in many ways, some negative and some positive.
While learning about all of the problems people cause, in my opinion that population is the worst
thing that humans are doing to our world, but that population cannot be looked at alone. It really
goes hand in hand with overconsumption. With the population of earth as of 2014 being 7.1 billion
and the United Nations projecting that by 2050 it will hit 8.1 billion we have to figure out a way to
reduce what we are consuming. (Population Division Technical Paper No. 2011/3, n.d.) The effects
on the environment that population causes cannot be looked at the same way for every person in the
world. People in some countries are not going to have the same impact on the environment that
someone who lives in another country would have. None the less population increases at the rate
that it is growing everyone will have to consume less. As the Ehrilich's have stated "Two billion
people, all else being equal, put more greenhouse gases into the atmosphere than one billion people.
Two billion rich people disrupt the climate more than two billion poor people. Three hundred
million Americans consume more petroleum than 1.3 billion Chinese." (Paul R. Ehrlich, 2008) Right
now with population growing at a rate much faster than ever before, on top of a need for more of
everything. We are over consuming and using up our natural resources faster than we can replace
them in most cases. We are using

The Stop Online Piracy Act (SOPA) Essay
In the recent years, there has been a growing conflict between American copyright holders and
website owners, both domestic and foreign, over intellectual property theft. Indeed, these copyright
holders have repeatedly made attempts to block websites from committing or facilitating online
piracy, while websites claim that laws that try to limit the content within websites are encouraging
censorship. With the internet as an international user–controlled domain, it has been a long struggle
for both sides of the conflict.
On October 26, 2011, a new piece of legislation, the Stop Online Piracy Act (SOPA), had been
introduced to the United States House of Representatives and is intended to help law enforcement
agencies and copyright holders ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
In addition, search engines, online service providers, payment network providers, and internet
advertising services, could be ordered by the courts to carry out certain "preventative measures
including withholding services from an infringing site or preventing users located in the United
States from accessing the infringing site" ("Bill summary & status 112th congress (2011 – 2012)
h.r.3261 all information"). The bill further forces these providers to stop services to websites that
endanger public health through the distribution of contaminated medication. Furthermore, it would
also expand the offense of criminal copyright infringement to include public performances of
copyrighted work by digital transmission, and work intended for commercial distribution by making
it available on a computer network. For intellectual property right holders, they can follow a two–
step process in order to stop a site promoted or used for infringement. First they must provide a
written notification to the payment network providers and internet advertising services that are
doing business with the infringing site, which would order them to stop doing business with said site
in a 5 day period. In retaliation, the site's owner, operator,

Response To Paul Ehrlich's Population Bomb
After reading Paul Ehrlich's Population Bomb, I can understand that people were scared about the
news that there will be famine and people are going to die. That type of subject would scare anyone
and definitely cause the public to be in panic about what will happen. It's a serious concern and the
idea makes sense that if food supply is not increasing, but the population is there will be a higher
need for food which could lead to famine(Ehrlich, 1968). I believe at the time they thought that
population was very high and people were concerned about how many people our planet could
support. My opinion on the threat of population growth is that it not a real threat. I believe this
because we are such developed societies and countries and the technology and resources to make
almost any place livable and produce lots of foods. I know that today there are countries and people
around the world that die because of starvation or from diseases because of unclean waters and
living conditions. I believe this is the cause of greed and selfishness because we have the resources
to make the world a better place and feed everyone. The rich control most of the money and care
more about profits and ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
This is a great point because more developed countries consume more wastefully because they are
wealthier, while other countries that are poor barely consume anything. Also resources are not
distributed equally because while the U.S. gets lots of resources that they don't even need other parts
of the world don't even get anything. By reducing the rate we consume and having an equal share of
resources overpopulation shouldn't be a real concern anytime

Overpopulation And Climate Change
Today there are more than seven billion people living on Earth (Kuo 23). One billion of these people
are on the verge of starvation, and even more have absolutely no access to sanitized water (Kuo 23–
24). Some say that this is due to overpopulation. Having more people on earth proves the need for
more food, water, housing, medication, and other necessities (Kuo 24). Though most people who
read this paper will not encounter these problems, they happen all over the world (Cover 444). The
world population has almost doubled since 1965 and is currently growing at a rate of more than 80
million people every year (Ehrlich and Ehrlich 557). This is causing the climate to change and
unemployment to increase. The world is slowly depleting its ... Show more content on
Helpwriting.net ...
Kuo suggests that the amount of resources necessary to sustain the seven billion people on the planet
are greatly polluting our atmosphere (Kuo 25). The global temperature has risen an average of .7
degrees since 1900. Though this may not seem like a great increase, temperature inclines such as
this could be detrimental to the environment (Trevors 113). Warming the Earth is leading to severe
droughts all throughout the world, especially in the equatorial regions. Many of these regions
already have water scarcity (Kuo 25). In addition, the climate change is affecting Earth's animal
populations. In turn, as animal populations decrease, meat and agricultural sources also decrease.
International governing bodies, such as the United Nations, need to implement population control to
save the environment (Ehlrich and Ehlrich 558). China, the most populated country in the world,
implemented a one–child policy in attempts to control population. The Chinese government took
action after witnessing one of the largest famines in world history. They could not produce enough
food to feed their starving people, and more than six million people starved to death (Xiaofei 2).
China has seen a major decrease in population growth since the enactment of its one child policy
(Xiaofei 1). Figure 1 shows the huge decrease in birthrate since the one child policy was introduced
(Matthews 1). Figure 1
China's one–child policy

Analyzing the Pressing Issues Described in Ehrlich's...
"We're all scared. But we must tell the truth about what's happening and challenge people to do
something to prevent it" – Paul Ehrlich. (Leahy,2013) The future of our planet has been a great
concern for the global community for many years. In their article 'Can a Collapse of Global
Civilisation be Avoided?' Paul and Anne Ehrlich explore the current ecological and socio–cultural
trends that they believe, if left untreated, will lead to the inevitable collapse. Unlike past
civilizations, the modern global community has the knowledge, skills and technologies to solve the
several pressing issues Ehrlich presents in this article. So what are those issues? Since the
agricultural revolution, technological developments and advancements have ... Show more content
on Helpwriting.net ...
There are at least two billion people are hungry or malnourished and the Food and Agriculture
Organisation estimates that food production will need to increase by 70% (FAO Report, 2009) to
keep up with the demands of a growing population. Overconsumption also contributes to the
widening gap. In fact, if every person consumed resources at a US level, four to five more earths
would be needed! (Ehrlich, 2013)The article also poses the question of how best to humanely
restrict population growth. It is suggested that women should be provided with access to education
and all sexually active people are provided with contraception and access to abortions, a decision
that would meet much opposition from religious organisations. Finally, Ehrlich discusses the role of
the scientific community and the need for global cooperation if anything is to be done. The need for
better education is greatly emphasised, not only for the public but also for governments and
economists. Collaboration between social scientists and natural scientists is suggested in order to
better understand how to facilitate the 'mobilization' of society that is required to solve these issues
on a global level. Public myths such as the saving powers of technological innovation need to be
broken and an emphasis placed on developing 'foresight intelligence', which Ehrlich claims will
provide the long–term analysis and

Koonin's Argument Against Climate Change
With the rise of calamitous news regarding extremists groups taking over certain states, countries
threatening to go to war, and viruses spreading throughout the world; the outlook of humanity does
not look good. In addition to these dire headlines is the matter of climate change, which,
unfortunately, is not as alarming to the public eye. Nonetheless, climate change is a pressing matter
as it will impact every facet of society from economy to even human survival. Perhaps the general
public find climate change as a vapid subject because of its nature to react belatedly to human
activity, and how it is often represented with numbers, graphs, and projections; things that are not
compelling to those that do not understand its importance. Even ... Show more content on
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Koonin, who was the undersecretary for science in the Energy Department, a professor of theoretical
physics and provost at Caltech, a chief scientist of BP, and is currently director of the Center for
Urban Science and Progress at New York University. With all those positions, Koonin appears to be
a very credible proponent for delaying climate change. He argues that climate science is not settled
and society should, in turn, hold off in making brash decisions. Koonin states that there are three
challenges to why climate change is not settled: the climate systems variability, the poor
understanding of oceans regarding climate, and the uncertainties regarding positive and negative
feedback loops (2). In other words, Koonin is saying that there are many things we do not know
when we predict the climate. Koonin adds that "although most [computer] models are tuned to
reproduce the gross features of the Earth's climate, the marked differences in their details and
projections reflect" all the things he stated that climate science is not settled on (3). Ergo, he
concludes by saying "any serious discussion of the changing climate must begin by acknowledging
not only the scientific certainties but also the uncertainties, especially in projecting the future" (5).
Koonin is concerned less with the certainties of climate change than with the uncertainties of
climate change. This is troubling because it delays and perhaps halts the general public from
agreeing towards a sensible solution in dealing with climate change. Primarily, all humans fear
uncertainties –– nothing is scarier than not knowing what can happen. So if humans are scared due
to the uncertainty of a situation, they hold off from making decisions which are vital to their future.
Nonetheless, life is filled with uncertainties and that should not prevent society from making
progress on climate change. After all, it would be wiser to

Population Growth in Perspective Essays
Population Growth in Perspective
Introduction
To anyone even remotely acquainted with the situation, the ever–expanding world population can
easily be a cause of grave concern. Indeed, the simple realization that the total world population will
most likely be doubling within the next century may seem to imply catastrophe. Considering the
strain our current huge population puts on the world, is it not natural to presume that two times our
number will spell disaster? While this is the view held by many prominent voices, there also is a
less–noticed group of people who contend that the resiliency of the earth and the ingenuity of its
people will keep the planet a decent place to live.
In this paper, I attempt to critically examine ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
Generally, people have operated under the assumption that the world was (or was on its way to
being) overpopulated.
I began my research in this topic with the same outlook. I initially wanted to research
overpopulation because I was deeply concerned with its implications. I wanted to understand the
causes of population growth and to learn what might be done to ameliorate the problem. Soon into
the research, however, I happened upon pieces of literature opposing the idea of an overpopulation
crisis and immediately respected certain aspects of their arguments. Quickly, I was forced to change
the scope of my question from "what will be the consequences of overpopulation?" to "what exactly
does overpopulation mean?" and "does an overpopulation problem even exist?".
History of Population Crises
The seed of my doubt that an overpopulation crisis was imminent was planted when I began to
examine the historical record of population concerns. As a history major, I have at least some
respect for patterns in history. While I recognize that new things can emerge, often a current event is
a variant on an earlier expressed theme.
Regarding population, the first documented concerns over population size date from a Babylonian
epic from 1600 BC (Cohen, 1995). More writings on the topic across the globe have continued since
then, themselves probably increasing at a rate faster than the

Essay on The Growing Population
A Growing Population: Problem or Excuse? The current worldwide population is around 6.9 billion
and is expected to reach 9 billion by 2050 (Baird). This projected population number is down from
the once predicted 16 billion (Baird) and while some are not concerned others are worried by any
increase in population. Population growth is discussed in the articles "Too Many People?" by
Vanessa Baird; "Population Control: How Can There Possibly Be Too Many of Us?" by Frank
Furedi; and "The Population Bomb Revisited," by Paul R. Ehrlich and Anne H. Ehrlich. Baird and
Furedi concur that the concern over population growth has been around since mathematician
Thomas Malthus, in 1798, warned that overpopulation could lead to "the collapse ... Show more
content on Helpwriting.net ...
While Furedi and Ehrlich and Ehrlich take different sides on the concern for population growth
Baird provides information from UN projections. Baird comments that the world population will
continue to grow and that it will begin to "decline and stabilize." She believes that this should add
"perspective" to the worry over population growth and points out that one factor in our population
growth being "temporary" is a declining fertility rate (Baird). Ehrlich and Ehrlich also acknowledge
a relationship between birth rates and population growth and offer finding ways to reduce the
birthrate as one solution to "the population problem" (68). When discussing population growth the
authors offer their perspectives on population control programs (family planning). Ehrlich and
Ehrlich stay true to the message of their book when acknowledging the positive role of
"government–sponsored programs in education", education for women, and programs making
contraceptives more accessible (65), in reducing the birth rate. Baird comments on Australian
Demographer Peter McDonald pointing out the reason population will not reach 16 billion is due to
the success of family planning. Baird proposes a "chicken and egg" scenario in which education
lowers the fertility rate and a lower fertility rate can equal more education. She explains benefits of a
declining

12 Step Model
Term Paper: 12–Step Approaches
Summary of Modality Theoretical Base Presented in Book
The 12–step model is one of the most used treatment plan for substance abuse clients around the
world, and a strong approach in the United States (Emmelkamp, & Vedel, 2006,). "The model has
several important therapeutic elements, including social support enhancement though group
attendance, strategies for coping with dependence, and promoting the development of spirituality"
(Emmelkamp, & Vedel, 2006, p. 104). Patient who relapse after treatment based on 12–step model,
those who have a greater belief in a higher power had less relapse than those who don't hold these
beliefs (Emmelkamp, & Vedel, 2006,). Sponsorship is a very important component in the model ...
Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
(2016). The role of twelve–step–related spirituality in addiction recovery. Journal of Religion and
Health, 55(2), 510–521. doi:http://dx.doi.org.libproxy.troy.edu/10.1007/s10943–015–0019–4 "The
problem being research the part that spirituality and religiosity (S/R) features in 12–step recovery
between program followed up after substance abuse treatment and those assesse independent of
formal program" (Dermatis, & Galanter, 2016, p. 510). The past research states that spirituality is
the base to Alcoholics Anonymous (AA) as shown in 12–step that members apply in working the
treatment as well as in the traditions that pertain to the process of the AA group (Dermatis, &
Galanter, 2016, p. 511). "The origins of AA can be traced to the influence of the Oxford Group, a
Christion evangelical group which supported self–examination, acknowledgment of character
blemishes, restitution for damage done, and allotment with others (AA World Services 1957)
(Dermatis, & Galanter, 2016, p. 511). The findings or the research presented in the article shown
that "12–step program members, several S/R characteristics have been shown to (1) increase after
followers have accomplished sobriety, (2) associate with specific parts of program participation, (3)
partially mediate the connection among program involvement and drinking–related outcome, and (4)
predict clinical results relevant to risk for relapse" (Dermatis, & Galanter, 2016, p.

Key West Ehrenreich Character Analysis
According to Ehrenreich, 'no job is truly unskilled" ( Ehrenreich 194). Ehrenreich's three proudest
moments included finishing her tasks fast enough to help others. the breakthrough at Wal–Mart
where she believed she could make $7.75 if she kept quiet, and specifically the day at Woodcrest.
Ehrenreich claimed it was a moment "I'll bask for the rest of my life" where she "fed the locked
Alzheimer's ward" all by herself, all while receiving smiles from others (Ehrenreich 194).
Ehrenreich was proud of her physical ability because of her endurance. She argued "that in a time
period well into my fifties I never collapsed or needed time off to recuperate" (Ehrenreich 195).
Ehrenreich exhibits four essential traits: punctuality, cleanliness, cheerfulness, ... Show more content
on Helpwriting.net ...
Food is inflation–proof, when the economy changes food stays relatively the same, while housing
does not. Rents skyrocket and are not taken into account when calculating poverty. Every city
Ehrenreich worked at was experiencing "labor shortage". Ehrenreich explains the dismissal
perspective of wage gains the past four years. She believes "they have not been sufficient to bring
low–wage workers up to the amounts they were earning twenty–seven years ago" Ehrenreich 203).
Specifically, the poorest workers are the ones who have made the least amount of progress. Workers
do not quit because "at a new job, you have to start all over, clueless and friendless" (Ehrenreich
205). Low–wage workers are also restrained by their immobility. Most of them rely on someone
driving them to work or having to pay for expensive gas, changing jobs would mean having to find a
new way to work. Employers can always count on money taboo. It is the personal communication
among low–wage workers. The National Labor Relations Act of 1935 "makes it illegal to punish
people for revealing their wages to one another" (Ehrenreich

Overpopulation and Environmental Degradation Essay
Jessica Carling 10/28/2010 Tues/Thur. 2:00 – 3:15
Overpopulation and Environmental Degradation The planet on which we live is dying, harsh: yes,
but true. The sustaining capacity of the globe is shrinking a little bit every year and soon, if the
population trend continues at the current rate the sustaining capacity will have reached its peak. The
ignorance of humanity has lead all to believe that the planets resources are infinite well, I'm here to
tell you that research, study, and observation has proven that it is in fact very finite. The population
explosion has its roots in developing countries such as China and India, the two most populous
countries in the ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
They depleted their natural resources faster than they could be replenished. There are plenty of
reasons that our minds can come up with as to how human population can spiral out of control,
including religion and culture; but according to Paul and Anne Ehrlich co–authors of Population
Resources Environment: Issues in Human Ecology one of the main reasons for the spike in human
population over the last century is the rise in birth rate and a sharp decline in the death rate, due to
"cultural advances" (9). The global crude birth rate from 2005–2010 is 20.3 children per 1000
people. Ehrlich put together a chart detailing the estimated population history since 8000 B.C.
According to the chart the estimated human population in 1930 A.D. was 2 billion people, by 1975
"a mere 45 years later" the estimated population was more than double that at around 4 billion
people (6). Arthur McCormack says that "high birth rates and low death rates cannot continue
without causing excessive rates of population growth that are detrimental to the quality of human
life" (9–10). In his view the way to achieve a balance in the global population is to find a way to get
birth rates to be almost if not entirely equal to death rates (10). A feat that is not easy to achieve.
Dodds refers to humans drive to reproduce, in blunt terms; people just want to have sex (118). The
problem is people are not practicing the process of safe sex as much as they

Over The Past Few Decades Problems Have Emerged In Regards
Over the past few decades problems have emerged in regards to the subject of divorce. Most of
these problems focus on the notion that divorce is practically a sin and should be considered
indissoluble. These absurd conclusions are essentially encouraged since "[o]ur divorce laws are
rooted in the protestant concept of marital sin." (Ehrlich, p. 174) However, times have changed and
the horrendous reputation divorce has received should change right along side the changing times.
The thought that all divorces are similar needs to be dropped, and the American people need to rise
above past presumptions and educate themselves on the variety of options divorce has come to offer
to struggling married couples. After all, those who are seeking a ... Show more content on
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Though this is not totally incorrect, there are some flaws with this train of thought. Divorce is a
personal matter, however, States have obligations to their citizens, therefore, States do in fact have
an interest in marriage and divorce to a certain extent. Case in point, minors often fall victim to
hardships when a divorce occurs between their parents. Since these minors do not have the ability to
stand up for themselves in a Court of law, the State in which the married couple and the children
reside in must step up and look out for the well being of the child. Along side this idea comes the
idea that divorce is not an act that affects just the married couple, or even just the married couple
and their children. Divorce affects a couple's family, their friends, and other community members. In
order to ensure that a divorce hurts as few people as possible and is as fair as possible, the State
must intervene and act as a neutral party, even if it is just by means of passing laws to provide
limitations. Said limitations can serve as a double edged sword; they ensuring the best possible
outcome, yet they also serve to prove that marriage is not a game, but instead, it is a serious
commitment. By proving the seriousness of marriage and the impact divorce can have, limitations
also stand to attempt to eliminate gold diggers's ability to work the system and take advantage of
naive, wealthy citizens. As a whole, American's

The Psychology of Terrorism Essay
New York City. Washington D.C. London. Nairobi. Beirut. Yazidi. Beslan. Mumbai. Lockerbie.
These are the locations of some of the world's worst terrorist attacks, resulting in the deaths of
thousands of innocent men, women, and children. The culprits of these attacks were nearly always a
relatively small group of individuals that were labeled as terrorists. It has been said that one man's
terrorist is another man's freedom fighter. This is the problem with understanding terrorism, a word
that means many things to different people. Our different perspectives make it a difficult problem to
define and solve. These incidents have occurred relatively infrequently but their impact has been
long term and far reaching. What could drive human ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
An examination of known terrorists along with much research creates a model of what path may
lead individuals to choose to participate in this activity. This also leaves the question of why the
outliers that do not fit into this model choose to participate. For many, involvement of family and
friends influence their participation. Some may fall under the less popular schools of thought
suggesting that narcissistic rage and even geography can be factors in who becomes a terrorist.
Reaching a clearer understanding is key to at least slowing the frequency and devastation caused by
terrorist attacks.
Literature Review The literature review considers opposing viewpoints on the factors that breed
terrorism in individuals by discussing the following issues:
1. What psychological tendencies, if any, are present among terrorists?
2. Does religion play a role in influencing individuals to commit terroristic acts?
3. What role do politics play in influencing terrorists?
4. Does socioeconomic strife play a role in determining who may feel compelled to commit
terroristic acts?
In his book, "The Anatomy of Terrorism," David Long examines the psychological aspects that lead
an individual to become a terrorist. He claims that the two traits that appear to be disproportionately
prevalent among

Consumer Culture Film Analysis
Marina Souza ICS 392: Consumer Culture – Hildebrand 10/29/2016 Assignment #2: Consumer
Culture Film Analysis – Wall–E In short words, Wall–E is the story of a robot who was designed to
clean up an extremely polluted Planet Earth. This animated movie has a much larger meaning than
expected – it explains what can happen to our planet if we keep consuming the way we do. As
indicated by the movie, big corporations and greedy consumers destroyed our ecosystem. A planet
that was full of nature, water, fuels, animals and vegetation along with many other things simply
vanished because of a society that consumed too much. It is a pretty scary thought to watch this
movie and think about how we are on a process of doing the exact same thing. With a huge market
of major retailers in the world consuming more than necessary is easier and easier each day.
Consumer culture today is thriving – but not necessarily in a good way. As consumer culture thrives,
we have desires for products and services. Consumer spending is a major part of a country's/world's
economy and that makes the economy strong but the aftermath is an unsustainable lifestyle.
Although, Wall–E didn't indicate exactly what caused consumers to destroy the planet and then flee
for the sake of human survival, there are many guesses that can be made as to how it happened. One
of the major points made in class during week eight was the fact that the world is becoming
overpopulated. This major issue can possibly be

Essay Population Growth, Industrialization, and the...
Population Growth, Industrialization, and the Environment
Human population growth was relatively slow for most of human history. Within the past 500 years,
however, the advances made in the industrial, transportation, economic, medical, and agricultural
revolutions have helped foster an exponential, "J–shaped" rise in human population (Southwick,
Figure 15.1, p. 160). The statistics associated with this type of growth are particularly striking:
"Human beings took more than 3 million years to reach a population of 1 billion people...The
second billion came in only 130 years, the third billion in 30 years, the fourth billion in 15 years, the
fifth billion in 12 years..." (Southwick, p. 159). As human population has grown, there has ... Show
more content on Helpwriting.net ...
Though Ehrlich was ultimately incorrect in his hypothesis of mass human starvation, he was correct
to view the necessary increase in food production as problematic. As more and more land is needed
for agricultural purposes, several natural resources are being exhausted. Furthermore, ecosystems
are being systematically destroyed in order to support the growing population. The necessary
minerals that give soil its fertility are constantly under threat of depletion by over–farming, though
new fertilizer technology has lessened this problem somewhat. Difficulties are also occurring as
some farmers search for new agricultural locations. This problem is most evident in the destruction
of tropical rainforests. The large–scale clear cutting of rainforest, practiced in many parts of South
America, has potentially eliminated a significant number of species that depend on the forests for
survival. Humans might be able to reap benefits from these unknown species, such as treating
certain diseases. Unfortunately, these benefits will remain unrealized with the elimination of large
tracts of rainforest. The systematic destruction of large areas of forest can also potentially have
severe climatic effects. Some scholars believe that the burning of large Australian forests by ancient
homo sapiens brought about world climate shifts many thousands of years ago (NPR, 2002). It is
very difficult to understand and predict the entire range of possibilities brought

Thesis Statement On Demography
Abstract
Demography is a social science, but especially is a political science. One of its most common uses is
to arouse fears, revealing a future disaster that can only be avoided if undertaken with urgency
determined demographic policies. I mentioned here the Decline of the West Oswald Spengler, an
outstanding example of how demography was used, a century ago, to predict the decline and
implosion of all Western civilization by the falling birth rate, aging and outside threat. The article
which I now is, instead, one of the best exponents of alarmism other extreme, radically opposed, that
frightens us with excess growth.
Thesis Statement
The problem that environmentalism has as its ally someone of so little scientific expertise is that it is
a weak flank against any attack that has some rigor.
Introduction
Ehrlich has become a benchmark of environmentalism, and there is hardly anyone who can build
discourses on environmental preservation or ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
By then the US dominates the world but is threatened by the spread of communism in Asia, and its
own economists and military analysts warn the government that the explosive population growth is
fodder for the flames of communism. Control world population growth becomes a strategic
objective of national security, and Ehrlich's article is beautifully.
The article is written at the suggestion of David Brower, executive director of the Sierra Club.
Before that Ehrlich has only small publications on insects, and a short article, 1967, in the New
Scientist one magazine rather sensational disclosure, which is already talking about the population
bomb using crude linear projections of any trend. That's the article that makes him a perfect
candidate to write a complete work of propaganda, in article

Rachel Carson Timeline
APES Timeline
Rachel Carson – 1962 Rachel Carson was a marine biologist who spent the 1950s writing books
about ocean life. However, her most famous book Silent Spring was published in 1962, which
exposed the environmental impact of pesticide use in the United States.
Paul R. Ehrlich – 1968 Paul R. Ehrlich was a Stanford University professor who alerted people to
the consequences of human population growth in his novel The Population Bomb, which was
published in 1968.
Garrett Hardin – 1968 Garrett Hardin was an ecologist who recognized the damage that humans
have caused to communal resources, such as ocean waters and the atmosphere, in his 1968 essay
The Tragedy of the Commons.
Aldo Leopold – 1949 Aldo Leopold was an environmentalist, ... Show more content on
Helpwriting.net ...
Over 500,000 people were exposed to toxic gas from a pesticide plant, leading to thousands of
deaths and tens of thousands of injuries.
Love Canal, New York – August 2, 1978 The Hooker Chemical Company had dumped over 21,000
tons of toxic material into the Love Canal site near Niagara Falls and later sold the property to the
local school board for one dollar in 1953. It wasn't until August 2, 1978, that this information
became fully exposed to the public, but the toxins had already caused an unnaturally high number of
birth defects, miscarriages, and other tragedies to the residents in the city.
Accident at Three Mile Island –
March 28,

The Problems with Human Population Essay
The Problems with Human Population
In Chapter III of The Origin of Species, Darwin writes: "Even slow–breeding man has doubled in
twenty–five years, and at this rate, in a few thousand years, there would literally not be standing
room for his progeny." (Darwin 29) Three hundred years ago, the population was only at about 500
million, and during this time the population was at a slow increase. Another factor during this period
of time was the birth and death rates were at much higher levels. Many babies were born, but many
also died. "Living conditions were such that many of the remaining children failed to survive
beyond the age of thirty." (Black 84) The crisis of Over Population should not be a surprise to
anyone, currently if you ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
For decades, humans have fooled themselves into believing that we would never deplete all of
earth's resources, but because we could not control the population this has become almost inevitable.
Not only is the exhaustion of resources a problem we face, but the destruction of these resources is
as well. This destruction includes continued urban growth, degradation of land and water resources,
massive deforestation, and buildup of greenhouse gases. Pollutants such as chlorofluorocarbons
(CFCs), radiation, and pesticides are all physical environmental factors found in air, land, or water
that are damaging the planet. They recognize no political boundaries. Not only are resources
affected but nature and many of its elements are in danger. Populations are being wiped out, species,
and communities of plants, animals, and microorganisms that are working parts of our life–support
systems are being destroyed. These are all partly responsible for the delivery of ecosystem services,
which are the most irreversible of all losses. Just one element of biodiversity, species diversity, is
disappearing at a rate estimated to be 1000 to 10,000 times the "background" rate, which is the more
or less constant extinction rate that biologists presume to occur naturally over

Persuasive Essay On Animal Testing
Observation and experimentation are how we as humans have been able to learn more about
ourselves and the world and universe we live in. One of the most common methods of
experimentation is animal testing. However, there are controversies surrounding animal testing.
There are some that believe animal testing to be cruel and overdone, advocating for the eradication
of the practice and further reliance alternative research methods. Groups like People for the Ethical
Treatment of Animals (PETA) and other animal rights advocates fall in this category. There are
some that believe animal testing to be an invaluable resource and should continue, such as some
scientists and research groups. However, there appears to me to be a consensus that is closer to the
middle: the belief and understanding that while there are benefits to animal testing, there are flaws
in the practice and there should be changes to increase its efficacy while we simultaneously explore
alternate testing methods. Many scientists and the National Institute of Health (NIH) subscribe to
this idea. I aim to explore the benefits, problems, and implications of animal testing in order to reach
a more informed conclusion about a position that is most validated by the information I have used.
The pro position, when backed up and made through informed scientific research, is not so much
about the idea animal testing is so incredibly important and useful that we can neither reasonably
advance in medicine and scientific

Environmental Problems: Improving the Quality of...
Improving the Quality of International Agreements
Human production and development systems have increasingly made use of the earth's resources,
gradually leading to what can now be described as environmental crisis. Without immediate and
future concern for the ways humans treat the planet and surrounding atmosphere, humans could be
the creators of their own destruction. Economic, social, and political systems have all added to the
degradation of the environment, such as mineral resource extraction, wars, political boundaries, and
policy for actions taken within those boundaries. In order to attack the root causes of environmental
destruction, we must first confront the reasons behind human actions, and develop ways to
overcome the ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
Canada's position internationally should be to promote significant environmental and social values
and concerns. Canada must respect and employ the most appropriate actions and efforts of other
nations in the facilitation of environmental concern, while promoting its own ideas and knowledge.
Facilitate International Co–operation
A primary requirement in the global effort to promote environmental concerns and raise awareness
of environmental problems is increased co–operation between nations. Canada's position at the
Earth Summit should be to promote the ability of nations to co–operate, emphasising improved
diplomacy and interaction. Environmental degradation is presently occurring throughout the world,
and is the result of international social, political, and economic processes and movements. The
environment is an open system, and the causes and effects of pollution are not constrained to any
anthropocentric boundaries. If we are to improve our situation world–wide, Canada must work
together with other nations to incorporate international concerns, knowledge, and action.
Many attempted efforts to promote international agreements in the past have been acknowledged,
but many have failed to gain overarching support and complete dedication from the majority of
involved nations. The Kyoto protocol, for example,

The View on Overpopulation: Looking Deeper into the...
Introduction
"One would have thought that it was even more necessary to limit population than property...The
neglect of this subject, which in existing states is so common, is a never–failing cause of poverty
among the citizens; and poverty is the parent of both revolution and crime." This quote did not come
from any professional doomsayer or modern writer, or even an ecologist or a historian. Aristotle said
this, though he lived in a time where the population was four percent of what it is today. People have
been worried about overpopulation since the period before Christ. This makes you wonder how
something as serious as overpopulation got so far out of hand. So out of control, in fact, that
overpopulation could be the biggest threat to ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
The taboo was named after the famous demographer Garrett Hardin, best known for The Tragedy of
the Commons. He wrote extensively on the topic of overpopulation; he also wrote Stalking the Wild
Taboo. Those who can't look at the world ecology without optimism do not like what Hardin had to
say about the world's problems. That is what the Hardinian taboo is, broken down. Hardin was very
curt that animals are not the only ones who suffer from overpopulation. He used a lot of
straightforward talking to get his point across as bluntly as possible. "In an uncrowded world there
may be no ethical need for the ecological concept of the carrying capacity. But ours is a crowded
world."(315 Hardin) Hardin expresses his own dislike of the situation our world is in right now, but
he refuses to ignore the issue just to be politically correct. Hardin proposes the concern with this
existing condition is, "...that taboo inhibits the discussion of many issues that, if carried far enough,
might lead to acceptable solutions"(345 Hardin). Brilliant scientists are solving the problems that are
the dependent variables, but refuse to tackle the root of all troubles. This is because of the political
incorrectness of population control that is a looming shadow over a very critical topic.
Publications Avoid Demographic Entrapment
The Hardinian taboo is so deeply seeded in the minds of those

Relationship Between Vaccination And Autism
Your essay should explicitly answer the following question: Is there any scientific or biological
validity to the supposed link between vaccinations and autism?
Sonita Mohammadi
1003633758
Plagiarism quiz code: fossey*3285
The number of children diagnosed with autism is on the rise, the Center for disease control (CDC)
reported one out of every 68 children are identified with autism (Centers for Disease Control and
Prevention [CDC], 2016). Autism is a neurological disorder that appears within the first few years of
life. those affected by autism have difficulties with motor, speech and communication. Autism was
first described and recorded by a psychiatrist in 1943 ( "autism | developmental disorder", 2016).
Since then, the scientists, doctors ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
E., Swerdfeger, A. L., & Eslick, G. D., 2014).
Correlation does not necessarily mean causation; other environmental triggers could also aid in a
perceived increase in the number of autism cases observed. Moreover, the data reveals Thimerasol's
preservative in vaccine shows no link to autism. Thimerasol's primary ingredient is ethyl mercury,
which is a neurotoxin and is known to have harmful affects.
Another study published in 2001, looked at potential biological links between vaccines and autism
and found them to be only theoretical. The study looked specifically at the MMR vaccine (measles,
mumps, and rubella). This study observed five large studies in the United States, United Kingdom,
Denmark, and Sweden, it found no link between MMR vaccine and autism (Meadows, M., 2004).
Vaccine is proven to

Overpopulation Poverty And Conflict Essay
Overpopulation, Overcrowding, Poverty and Conflict
At present, there are 6.5 billion people in the world and the number continues to multiply. In
contrast, there are only a limited number of natural resources. On a global basis, the human
population has shown a J–shaped pattern of growth over the past two thousand years, while the
availability of natural resources mandatory for human survival is in slow decline. The implications
of this are not limited to mass starvation, poverty and overcrowding of poorly sanitized cities. In
fact, the current stress created by the imbalance between a burgeoning population and a finite
number of resources are also one of the main factors contributing to the rise of violent inter–group
conflict. ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
Southwick also reminds us that although the situation we have set up for ourselves in the future
might be highly regrettable, we are already reaping the bad seed that we sowed in some parts of the
world. We often forget that a greater part of the developing world is suffering at the hand of this
incredible discrepancy between burgeoning population and environmental scarcity. As of 1992, –
One out of every five people in the world, including one out of three children under the age of five
is hungry or malnourished.
–17 million are refugees, stateless, landless and often homeless.
–One out of three people have poor health care and not enough fuel to cook food or keep warm.
–Over a billion people are seriously ill with preventable diseases, including malaria, tuberculosis,
schistosomiasis, trypanosomiasis, and filariasis.
(Miller)
According to Southwick, scientists estimate that the optimum global population is no more than 2
billion people. They believe that somewhere between 1 and 2 billion people could be supported in
relative prosperity. (161) Compare this with the current gl0bal human population of 6.5 Billion.
Clearly, a problem is at hand. Some pessimistic although perhaps realistic scientists even view the
current human population growth as a carcinogenic or cancer–like growth with the potential of
destroying the global ecosystem. (Southwick161) In simple terms, the problem of the rapid growth
in

Overpopulation Of Indi India Is The Third Most Populated...
Overpopulation in India
Did you know that India is the second most populated country in the world? India's population rate
went up to 1.2 billion in past few years, which has a negative impact on the quality of life, lived in
India. The resources cannot sufficiently support the growing population. For example: as population
grows, we put much more demands on our resources to grow food and provide energy, but currently
energy production requires fossil fuels which contributes to pollution and global warming. This in
turn makes it harder to grow enough food to feed the growing population, which leads general
public of India to reduce their quality of life. In 2000 the Prime Minister of India is also giving a
statement relates to overpopulation, "If the present rate of growth of our population remains
unchecked", Said India's Prime Minister Atal Behari Vajpayee, "India will become the world's most
populous country by the mid–dle of this century and essential requirement like drinking water,
shelter, and health will difficult to meet". Another problem, due the overpopulation, many people in
India go to sleep on the roads with an empty stomach. It happened because these people can't afford
the food and land prices, which caused by the overpopulation. For example, take a glance at Paul R.
Ehrlich reading, "The population Bomb" where he argued that a growing number of population
placed escalating strains on all aspects of the natural world. "If population growth

Speech on Capital Punishment Should Not Be Abolished
The Death Penalty Should Not Be Abolished
Criminal Justice , 2009 David B. Muhlhausen, "The Death Penalty Deters Crime and Saves Lives,"
Heritage Foundation, August 28, 2007. www.heritage.org. Reproduced by permission of the author.
"Capital punishment produces a strong deterrent effect that saves lives." In the following viewpoint,
David B. Muhlhausen argues that capital punishment should not be abandoned because it deters
crimes, saves lives, and the majority of American citizens support its use. Additionally, he maintains
that evidence does not support claims that racial discrimination results in a disproportionate number
of African Americans incarcerated on death row. David B. Muhlhausen is a senior policy analyst in
the area of ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
How capital punishment affects murder rates can be explained through general deterrence theory,
which supposes that increasing the risk of apprehension and punishment for crime deters individuals
from committing crime. Nobel laureate Gary S. Becker's seminal 1968 study of the economics of
crime assumed that individuals respond to the costs and benefits of committing crime. According to
deterrence theory, criminals are no different from law–abiding people. Criminals [economist Paul H.
Rubin writes] "rationally maximize their own self–interest (utility) subject to constraints (prices,
incomes) that they face in the marketplace and elsewhere." Individuals make their decisions based
on the net costs and benefits of each alternative. Thus, deterrence theory provides a basis for
analyzing how capital punishment should influence murder rates. Over the years, several studies
have demonstrated a link between executions and decreases in murder rates. In fact, studies done in
recent years, using sophisticated panel data methods, consistently demonstrate a strong link between
executions and reduced murder incidents.
The rigorous examination of the deterrent effect of capital punishment began with research in the
1970s by Isaac Ehrlich, currently a University of Buffalo Distinguished Professor of Economics.
Professor Ehrlich's research found that the death penalty had a strong deterrent effect. While his
research was debated by other scholars,

De-Extinction Cloning
Should Research on De–extinction and Cloning be continued?
Have you ever imagined how it would feel when extinct species, like woolly mammoths and
passenger pigeons, are brought back to the Earth? How would it be like to revive long dead species?
Obviously, many would imagine it to be amusing and fascinating. There are numerous discussions
ongoing that address the prospect as well as the impacts of de–extinction and cloning. I believe that
de–extinction and cloning, though seem fascinating at first, are not really worth millions of dollars
and hundreds of hours being spent for them. First, we should be protecting the endangered species
so that they do not get extinct, rather than reviving those that are already extinct. Second, there are
numerous problems with de–extinction like tiny market, ethical issues, and some more technical
such as the complexity of resurrecting extinct genes, and then interspecies cloning. Moreover, we
have heard about several scandals and cases of misusing genetic technology and cloning, due to
which it has been a topic of constant public debate. As the saying goes 'prevention is better than
cure', instead of spending limited resources for the research on reviving a few species wiped away
by humans, conservationists should focus on preserving the endangered ones.
To begin with, spending limited resources just to resurrect a few species does not seem wise to me.
Research projects like de–extinction require a huge amount of funding, and if we

Future On Mars Research Paper
A Future on Mars
Overpopulation and sustainability are growing concerns for the future of Earth. Time is running out
on Earth as population continually increases. Such a large population will put a strain on Earth's
resources and environment. Fortunately, there are many ways in which people are working to lessen
and slow these issues on Earth. Despite their efforts, it is still evident that a future on Earth will be a
precarious one, so alternate options are being explored. Elon Musk, founder of Space X, has
proposed a plan to colonize Earth's neighboring planet, Mars. NASA, Mars One, and several other
corporations have also expressed similar interest in colonizing this planet. Mars would not be a
replacement for earth, but instead it would ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
What will this future Martian colony be like? At this point, so much is still subject to change;
however, there are several ideas for the colony regarding structure and government. NASA has
released their plans for what the colony might entail: "an astrobiology lab, a food growing facility, a
place for spare parts, all docked together. At the end, there's a small village for future Mars
explorers, ready as a home base for exploring the deep mysteries of the planet" (Wenz). This plan
reveals that the future of Mars is going to be about everyone working together as a whole. It has
been suggested by many that this idea of oneness should also carry over into how the government on
Mars will be run, with decisions being made collectively and requiring unanimity (Mars One). Jacob
Haqq–Misra, an astrobiologist at the Blue Marble Space Institute of Science, believes that the future
Mars colony should be completely independent of Earth, "I propose that we liberate Mars from any
controlling interests of Earth and allow Martian settlements to develop into a second independent
instance of human civilization". Cultural independence could help Martians think differently enough
to solve problems that the people of Earth continue to struggle with–such as working together to
fight global environmental problems, or making long–term plans of humanity. Overall, the future for
the Martian colony, even though it is not yet concrete, has quite an optimistic

The Impact of Chemical DDT on Human Health.
Introduction:
As of 2013, there were 97 countries with sustained malaria transmission, and 7 countries in
prevention of the reintroduction phase, making a total of 104 countries where malaria is presently
considered endemic 1,3,10,15,24. It is estimated that 3.4 billion people are at risk of malaria and
WHO estimates that 207 million cases of malaria occurred globally with 627,000 deaths in
20121,3,10,15,24. 80% of cases occurred in Africa and most deaths (77%) occurred in children
under the age of 5 3,7,10,15,23,24. The burden faced in Sub–Saharan Africa continues to be a
challenge for national governments. Increasing resistance to drugs and pesticides, the lack of
capacity to implement programs effectively and low public education about malaria are only a few
of the many complications that African governments must address to effectively combat malaria
1,3,7,10,15,18,20,23. In order to reduce malaria incidence, some African countries are moving back
towards dichlorodiphenyltrichloroethane (DDT), an insecticide once widely used throughout the
world for agricultural and public health purposes1, 3,10,15,16,23.
Dr. Paul Müller discovered chemical DDT effectiveness on insects just prior to World War II. His
work received the Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine in 1948 1,9. During World War II the
Allied forces used DDT to combat typhus and malaria vectors 15. After the war they used the
chemical to control the vector and agricultural pests, helping to successfully

De-Extinction Research Paper
Imagine a world where one extinct animal causes chaos. It eats all the plants and invades other
animals territory. Animals are dropping like flies due to one extinct, no longer existing, animal being
brought into the world once again this time by humans. Humans also can be the cause of extinction
hunting, destroying an animal's home, pollution, and introduction of alien species are just a few
ways that we can cause extinction of an animal. Extinction can also occur naturally when disease is
spread, or an invasive species takes over. I believe that we should not bring back extinct creatures
for three distinct reasons. De– extinction could hinder conservation efforts,de–extinction attempts
have failed, and finally bringing back extinct ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
John Wiens, an evolutionary biologist at Stony Brook University in New York says, "There is a
terrible urgency to saving threatened species and habitats." He continues in saying "As far as I can
see, there is little urgency for bringing back extinct ones. Why invest millions of dollars in bring a
handful of species back from the dead, when there are millions still waiting to be discovered,
described, and protected?" This is a problem for many scientists and Paul R. Ehrlich states in his
article, The Case of De– Extinction:It is a Fascinating but Dumb Idea, says that "It is much more
sensible to put all the limited resources for science and conservation into preventing extinctions, by
tackling the causes of demise...." This is proving that de–extinction is a bad idea because of the facts
that it is more important to put money and research into conservation efforts. By focusing on de–
extinction. We are tearing away our focus on these efforts and putting it into something that may or
may not work. Something never tested that could possibly hurt not help the environment. Paul R
Ehrlich also states that "De–extinction seems far– fetched, financially problematic, and extremely
unlikely to succeed." With de– extinction hindering conservation efforts and being unlikely to
succeed it is clear that we should not even attempt de–extinction. However hindering conservation
efforts is only one way that de–extinction is a bad

Ethical and Religious Article Reviews
Seow, C. L. Homosexuality and Christian Community. Louisville, Ky: Westminster John Knox
Press, 1996.
In his article "Relations Natural and Unnatural," Richard B. Hays states that after deciding what
Paul thought concerning homosexuality, we should still decide "how to construe the authority of his
opinion in the present time." There are many open questions about how the bible functions as an
authority for normative ethical judgments. We cannot ease ourselves of the obligation for moral
decision by engaging to the plain sense of single proof text, but on the flip side, should we feel
constrained to pressure Paul, through exegetical scowls, to verbalize what we cerebrate he ought to
have verbalized. We must let the text have its verbally express, and then we must choose what
obedience to God requires. Also the article express how the heated debate triggers questions that are
concerning the possible misuse of the biblical teachings as in the edifications that are used in later
historical settings.
Pence, Gregory E. Classic Cases in Medical Ethics: Accounts of Cases That Have Shaped Medical
Ethics, with Philosophical, Legal, and Historical Bacgrounds. Boston, Mass: McGraw–Hill, 2004.
EHRLICH, PAUL R. 2003. "Bioethics: Are Our Priorities Right&Quest". BioScience. 53, no. 12:
1207–1216.
This article expresses how neither biologists nor non biologists in today's society square measure
paying adequate attention to the escalating moral problems raised by the human quandary, and

Proteus Research Paper
In 1885, a German pathologist and bacteriologist name Gustav Hauser was credit for discovering the
genus Proteus. He also discovered and named its three species Proteus vulgaris, Proteus mirabilis
and Proteus zenkeri. Hauser was born in July 1856 in the town of Nordlingen, Germany. In the
University of Nuremberg in Bavaria, he became an assistant to Friedrich A. Zenker in the pathology
department. Friedrich A. Zenker, a well known pathologist and physician, He was renowned for his
discovery of trichinosis, a parasitic disease caused by roundworms. This disease can cause diarrhea,
abdominal pain or vomiting. Trichinosis is largely caused by eating undercooked meat that enclose
encysted larval. These larval of the roundworm will migrate into the muscle tissue and cause edema,
muscle pains, rashes, fever, and muscles weakness. The human stomach contain hydrochloric acid
and pepsin will release the larvae from their cysts after you ate the undercooked meat. They then
start to invade the wall of the small intestine. Hauser was also an ... Show more content on
Helpwriting.net ...
In the tale, Proteus was sea–god and a herdsman of the seals for Poseidon. The name Proteus
suggest that Proteus was the first born son of Poseidon. He was one of the several deities whom
Homer calls the "Old Man of the Sea". Proteus had the gift of wisdom and the ability to foretell the
future. Some have called him the god of "elusive sea change". This is because he have the ability to
constantly changing the nature and quality of water. He can also change his form to escape from
enemies by transforming himself into a serpent, a lion, a leopard, a boar, a tree and even water to
avoid others. For this amazing ability and characteristics of Proteus, Gustav Hauser name his newly
found genus after this Greek sea god. This is because of Proteus's morphologic changeability that
Hauser found the name Proteus a fitting

Surviving Progress
While the Earth has provided u1s with all we need, humanity has taken advantage of these scarce
resources for very selfish purposes. It appears that humans seem to only care about "the now" and
because of that, our future is in jeopardy. In the films "Home" and "Surviving Progress," the effects
of human activity on our planet is explored and discussed. Further, in the article Can a Collapse of
Global Civilization be Avoided, Paul R. Ehrlich and Anne H. Ehrlich examine how overexploitation
has been detrimental to Earth's resources. We as human–beings must take action and protect
civilization from collapsing. While our world may be divided by different countries and nations, this
planet belongs to all of us and it is our duty to sustain it. ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
In the film "Home," the narrator discusses how human–beings' primary concern is to feed
themselves, thus leading to agriculture becoming the "first great revolution" ("HOME"). Because "in
nature, everything is linked" the expansion of cultivated land and sing–crop farming "encouraged
the development of parasites" ("HOME"). As a result, pesticides were used to exterminate these
parasites ("HOME"). Unfortunately, these "toxic pesticides seeped into the air, soil, plants, animals,
rivers and oceans" ("HOME"). Then fertilizers came and "produced unprecedented results"
("HOME") on land which has been thus far ignored. Since crops adjusted to soils, three–quarters of
the varieties developed by farmers over thousands of years have been wiped out in the last century.
It is evident that humans are to blame for the modernization of agriculture which "results in
increasing uniformity landscapes and consequential reduction of habitats and landscapes" ("Mr.
Kousen Is..."). This results in the loss of wildlife which causes the extinction of plant populations as
well (Ehrlich). Further, "in many cases of collapse, the main cause is overexploitation of the
environment" (Ehrlich). This overexploitation is so dangerous to our planet as everything on Earth is

Overpopulation and Environmental Problems
Overpopulation is becoming a leading environmental problem in which resources are becoming
depleted faster than are being created. Hoevel explains, "Overpopulation occurs when a population's
density exceeds the capacity of the environment to supply the health requirements of an individual"
(Hoevel 1). This means that after a population has overused the resources in an area, the
environment will no longer be able to support them, and there lies the problem with overpopulation.
Wenner explains, "Sustainability involves living within the limits of the resources of earth,
understanding the distribution of resources and opportunities" (Wenner 2). Understanding the earth's
resources and learning how to distribute them is crucial for people to ... Show more content on
Helpwriting.net ...
This could become very bad, especially in poorer countries. Hoevel continues, "This creates a mixed
bag of concerns that include susceptibility of young urban populations in poor countries with weak
governments to recruitment for terrorism and conditions of instability" (Hoevel 2). If the population
growth continues at this rate, war and terrorism could become a frequent event. This war and
terrorism would ultimately lead to even greater resource use. Because of the equal growth rates and
the continuously growing population, poorer countries may not be able to sustain their people with
their limited amounts of resources. Wenner explains, "Undeveloped countries with large populations
also put a strain on the local environment and the limited resources that they have" (Wenner 2).
Because there are so many people to sustain in larger populations eventually, the resources in that
area will run out or become extremely difficult to find. Once these resources become too difficult to
gather, more power and energy will be needed in order to extract those same resources. Alcoforado
states, "In the last 45 years, the demand for earth's natural resources has doubled due to rising living
standards in rich and emerging countries and increasing world population" (Alcoforado 1). With the
rise in population in the last 45 years, Wenner's beliefs are found to be true. With a

A Great Matter Of Concern Today Or Just A Bust?
A Great Matter of Concern Today or Just a Bust?
Marvin Patani
Communications Essentials – COMM1016–41
Professor Mark Dorsey
Wednesday, October 29, 2014
A Great Matter of Concern Today or Just a Bust? While India is on the verge of being the most
populated country. While the third world countries are deprived of their resources rapidly. People in
the United States have to say that the problem of over population has been curbed and infant
production rate controlled.
Recently, one of the commentators in prominent U.S. publication declared that the population boom
is a bust. Whether it is actually a bust now or is it still standing as a matter of great concern? "The
greatest shortcoming ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
The matter of overpopulation is exceedingly complex, comprehensive and most importantly, not
chiselled. The impact of overpopulation on sociology, families, religions, philosophy and especially
on environment, is generally irreversible. To some extent, it can be said that overpopulation control
can harm the individual rights as well.
"The Population bomb is ticking" (Khan, 2010). The main cause behind all the economic issues like
inflation, illiteracy, poverty, terrorism etc. is overpopulation. In simple words, one can draw a
conclusion that the main reason of overpopulation is when a country has shortage of resources to
supply its growing number of population. The advancements in the medical field and the technology
involved in it has led to a steep slope in the graph of death rate. In other words, one can jump to a
conclusion that a decline in death rate has also led to the problem of overpopulation. The impact of
human activity on the environment and the nature is undoubtedly highly destructive. (Human
Overpopulation, 2008)To add to that destruction is the increasing number of people that make up the
world's population (Human Overpopulation, 2008). It is a condition when, the ratio of birth rate to
the amount of space and resources the earth can provide is too high (Human Overpopulation, 2008).
In complex terms, we can say that, the per capita ecological

Population…A Problem That Most Of The World Simply...

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