attainment of millennium development goals

1. Presentation on the Progress of the
Millennium Development Goals
(MDGs) 4 and 7 in Cameroon.
Group 1 MPH students of the FHS, UB:
Buh Amos Wung
 Katte Ivo
Ekenja Betrand
Nasah Judith
Samba Melvis

2. Introduction
• Slow progress towards achievement of MDGs
in Africa
• In SSA progress continues to considerably lag
behind all other regions of the world

3. • The 2008/2009 national human development
report launched in Yaounde on 29 December
2009 shows that Cameroon made progress only
in achieving primary education, promotion of
equality of sexes and reducing poverty. By
contrast, it fared badly in millennium
development goals (MDGs) like maternal
health, infant mortality, fight against AIDS,
access to potable water and rate of
employment.

4. The group will focus on the progress,
Cameroon is making to achieve MDGs 4 and 7
MDG 4: Reduce child mortality
MDG 7: Ensure environmental sustainability

5. MDG 4: Reduce child mortality
• Target: ↓ ⅔ U5MR between 1990 – 2015
• Indicator 4.1: U5MR
• Cameroon has made little progress like most
countries in central African sub region
• 127.2/1000 live births in 2011 compared to
145.2 in 1990 ( 1/3 of 145.2 = 48.4)
• (Figure 10)

7. • African countries north of the Sahara are
performing best in reducing U5MR e.g. Egypt.
• Worst performing are countries in the southern
African region e.g. Botswana, Swaziland,
Zimbabwe etc mostly due to the high prevalence
of HIV/AIDS and undernourishment
• Cameroon falls under slow performing countries
and this is due to high prevalence of malaria,
poor access to basic health services. ( figure 11
progress made by each region).

9. Indicator 4.2: Infant mortality rate
• UNSD data show that there has been no
significant change in IMR in the continent. 82
per 1000 live births.
• Cameroon is not performing well in this
indicator; IMR stands at 79.2 in 2011 as
compared to 89.9 in 1990
• (See UNSD data table)

10. Reasons for IMR
• High maternal mortality
• Poor antenatal care
• Lack of skilled personnel ( midwives,
gynaecologist etc); effect of closure of training
schools for health personnel
• Poor integrated management of childhood
diseases
• Non mastery of management of pediatric
HIV/AIDS
• Inadequate immunization coverage
• Poor access to healthcare delivery ... Etc.

11. Indicator 4.3: Proportion of one-year-
old children immunized against
measles
• Data on immunization against measles has
been increasing since 1990.Measles coverage
79%(2011)
• Cameroon is making some progress though
the expected 90 % coverage have not been
attained. (SEE UNSD DATA)
• Cameroon also carries out supplementation of
infants with Vitamin A

12. MDG 7: Ensure environmental
sustainability
• Target 7a: Integrate the principle of sustainable
development into country policies and programs
and reverse the loss of environmental resources.
• Cameroon needs to put in place policies that will
address climate change and the use of ozone
depleting substances ( explain Data from UNSD)
• Irregular reporting system, importation of 2nd
hand fridges that emit chloroflourocarbons that
deplete the ozone layer ...etc

13. Target 7B: Reduce biodiversity loss and
achieve by 2010 a significant reduction
in the rate of loss
• Indicator 7.6-proportion of terrestrial and marine areas protected
• From UNSD data, Cameroon has made significant progress in this
domain.
• But many environmental challenges still awaits us following:
-Construction of Kribi deep seaport
-Lompaga & Mevele dam project
-Extensive plantation agriculture ;e.g. Herakles farms
-Drilling of petroleum along the coastal shores by Cosmos gas and Oil
Little measures taken to protect and preserve forest and marine life

14. Target 7C: Halve by 2015, the
proportion of people without
sustainable access to safe drinking
water and basic sanitation.
• Indicator 7.7: proportion of population using
an improved drinking water source.
• There has been a progressive increase in the
use of an improved drinking water source.
• Great disparity between urban and rural
population. See UNSD data

15. Actual situation on the ground
• Accessibility to portable water remains a major
problem across the country
• Regular shortages observed frequently in towns
like Buea, Yaounde, Douala etc
• Emergence of water borne diseases like cholera
• This may be due to rapid growth in population,
poor maintenance of water networks, poor
infrastructure, privatization of the only water
company

16. Indicator 7.8: Proportion of people
using an improved sanitation facility
• Very little has been made in this indicator.
• Only 1% achievement since 1990 till date. (
48% in 1990 and 49% in 2011).
• (confer UNSD)

17. Reasons for the poor coverage:
• Closure of sanitary schools
• Poor town planning
• No sewage disposal system
• No universal coverage by HYSACAM

18. Indicator 7.9: proportion of urban
population living in slums
• There are fewer slums today as compared to
what was obtained in the early 90s.
• There is also no consistent data provided over
the years.
• From observation, emerging cities like Buea,
Kumba, Bamenda etc are helping to decongest
slums of the 2 mega cities :D’la & Y’de
• Though an industrialized area like Douala is
still witnessing some degree of slum life.

19. THE WAY FORWARD
• The government should train and employ skilled
personnel who will effectively manage and
control childhood mortality
• There should be inter-sectoral collaboration
between ministries aimed at achieving the
MDGs
• Health care delivery policies should be revisited
and modified to suit the MDGs
• There should be regular surveillance and
reporting of statistics so as to monitor the
progress towards the achievement of the MDGs

20. The Way Forward cont.
• The laws that guide environmental
sustainability should be re-enforced and
community should be actively involved in the
sustainability process.

21. References
• Assessing Progress in Africa toward the
Millennium Development Goals - MDG Report
2009
• United Nations Statistics Division (UNSD):
Millennium Development Goals Indicators, the
official United Nation site for the MDG
indicators (2012 updates)
• Gerald Ndikum (January 08, 2010) Cameroon Is
Doing Little to Achieve MDGs, The RECORDER
Newsline

22. End.
Thank you for your kind attention.