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1. Adaptive Network Coding for Broadband Wireless Access Networks
Broadband wireless access (BWA) networks, such as LTE and WiMAX, are inherently lossy due
to wireless medium unreliability. Although the Hybrid Automatic Repeat reQuest (HARQ) error-
control method recovers from packet loss, it has low transmission efficiency and is unsuitable for
delay-sensitive applications. Alternatively, network coding techniques improve the throughput of
wireless networks, but incur significant overhead and ignore network constraints such as
Medium Access Control (MAC) layer transmission opportunities and physical (PHY) layer
channel conditions. The present study provides analysis of Random Network Coding (RNC) and
Systematic Network Coding (SNC) decoding probabilities. Based on the analytical results, SNC
is selected for developing an adaptive network coding scheme designated as Frame-by-frame
Adaptive Systematic Network Coding (FASNC). According to network constraints per frame,
FASNC dynamically utilizes either Modified Systematic Network Coding (M-SNC) or Mixed
Generation Coding (MGC). An analytical model is developed for evaluating the mean decoding
delay and mean goodput of the proposed FASNC scheme. The results derived using this model
agree with those obtained from computer simulations. Simulations show that FASNC results in
both lower decoding delay and reduced buffer requirements compared to MRNC and �-in-1
ReTX, while also yielding higher goodput than HARQ, MRNC, and �-in-1 ReTX.
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