1. NURSINGTHEORY
-Isthe body of knowledge thatexplainsthe professionof nursing.
TYPES OF NURSINGTHEORIES
I. GRAND NURSINGTHEORIES
II. MID –RANGE NURSINGTHEORIES
III. NURSINGPRACTICETHEORIES
 GRAND NURSINGTHEORIES- the broadestscope andpresentsgeneral conceptsand
propositions.Mayprovide insightsusefulforpractice butare notdesignedforempirical
testing.
 Limitsthe use of grand nursingtheoriesfordirecting,explaining,andpredictingnursingin
particularsituations.
 Are intendedtobe pertinenttoall instancesof nursing
 Consistof conpeptual frameworksdefiningbroadperspectivesforpractice andwaysof
lookingatnursingphenomenabasedonyhe perspectives.
 MID –RANGE NURSINGTHEORIES- narrowerin scope thangrand nursingtheoriesandoffer
an effectivebridge betweengrandnursingtheoryandnursingpractice.
 Presentsconceptsandpropositionsata lowerlevelof abstractionandholdgreatpromise
for increasingtheory –basedresearchandnursingpractice strategies.
NURSINGPRACTICETHEORIES-have the mostlimitedscope andlevelof abstractionand
developedforuse withinaspecificrange of nursingsituations.
 Provide frameworksfornursinginterventions, andpredictsoutcomesandthe impactof nursing
practice.

2. MAJOR NURSINGTHEORIST ANDTHEORIES:
 ANNECASEY- CASEY’S model of nursing
 BETTY NEWMAN- NEWMAN SYSTEM MODEL
 BOYKIN ANDSCHOENHOFER
 CALISTA ROY- Adaptationmodel of nursing
 CARL O. HELVIE- HELVIE ENERGY THEORY
 DOROTHEA OREM- SELF CARE DEFICITNURSING THEORY
 HELEN ERICKSON
 HELDIGARD PEPLAU= THEORY OF INTERPERSONALRELATIONS
 IDA JEAN ORLANDO-(PELLETIER)- NURSINGPROCESSTHEORY
 IMOGENE KING- GOAL ATTAINMENTTHEORY
 ISABEL HOMPTON RODD
 KATHERINEKOLCABA- COMFORTTHEORY
 KATIEERICKSON-
 MADELINE LEININGER-TRANSCULTURALNURSING
 MARGARET A. NEWMAN- Healthas expandingconsciousnesstheory
 MARTHA ROGERS – SCIENCEOF UNITARY HUMAN BEINGS
 PATERSON ANDZDERAD
 RAMONA MERCER – MATERNALROLE ATTAINMENTTHEORY
 ROSEMARIE PARSE- HUMAN BECOMING THEORY
 VIRGINIA HENDERSON-HENDERSONSNEEDTHEORY
 DR. JEAN WATSON- PHILOSOPHYANDCARINGMODEL
 ERICKSON,TOMLIN AND SWAIN- MODELINGAND ROLE MODELING
 MOYRA ALLEN-MCGILL MODEL OF NURSING
 NANCYROPER,WINIFREDW. LOGAN,AND ALISONJ.TIERNEY- ROPER–LOGAN-TIERNEYMODEL
OF NURSING
 PHIL BAKER- TIDAL MODEL
 FLORENCE NIGHTINGALE- ENVIRONMENTALTHEORY
 JOYCE TRAVELBEE- HUMAN TO HUMAN RELATIONSHIPMODEL
 ERNESTINEWEIDENBACH-THE HELPINGACT OF CLINICALNURSING
 LYDIA E. HALL –THE CORE, CARE ANDCURE
 PATRICIA BENNER- FROMNOVICETOEXPERT
 DOROTHY JOHNSON-SYSTEMMODEL
 MARTHA ROGERS-UNITARYHUMAN BEINGS
 FAY ABDELLA- TWENTY ONE NURSINGPROBLEMS


3. FLORENCE NIGHTINGALETHEORY- Environmental theory
 Firstnursingtheorist
 Unsanitaryconditions posedhealthhazard
 5 componentsof environment(ventilation,light,warmth,effluvia,noise)
 External influencescanprevent,suppress,orcontributestodisease ordeath
NIGHTINGALE’CONCEPT
1.PERSON
 Patientwhoisacted onby a nurse
 Affectedby environment
 Has reparative powers
2. ENVIRONMENT
 FOUNDATION OFTHEORY Includedeverything,physical,psychological,and
social
3. HEALTH
 Maintainingwell beingbyusingaperson‘spowers
 Maintainedbycontrol of environment
4. NURSING
[providedfreshair,warmth,cleanliness,gooddiet,quiettofacilitate persons’
reparative process.

4. HILDEGARD PEPLAU- INTERPERSONALRELATIONSMODEL
 Basedon psychodynamicnursing
 Usingan understandingof one’sownbehaviortohelpothers identifytheirdifficulties
 Appliesprinciplesof humanrelationships
 Patienthasa feltneed
PEPLAU’SCONCEPTS
1. PERSON
 An individual developingorganismwhotriestoreduce anxiety causedbyneeds
 Livesininstable equilibrium
2.ENVIRONMENT
 Notdefined
3.HEALTH
 Impliesforwardmovementof the personalityandhumanprocessestoward
creative ,constructive,personal,andcommunityliving
