Exercise - word match - for gene pools and evolution

1. Gene Pools and Evolution - Matching Columns.
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1 Allele frequency A All the genes in a population
2 Cline B Mating between relatives
3 Deme C Selection favouring one extreme of a continuously varying
characteristic.
4 Directional Selection D Selection favouring the average and thus resisting change.
5 Disruptive Selection E The proportion of an allele in a gene pool compared with all the
alleles at that locus.
6 Founder Effect F Random changes in allele frequency in small populations due to the
accumulated effects of chance.
7 Gene flow G Period in which a population is reduced to very small numbers,
resulting in inbreeding and the loss of much of its genetic diversity.
8 Gene Pool H Situation in which certain genotypes leave more surviving offspring
than others, thus making a greater contribution to the gene pool.
9 Genetic bottleneck I The occurrence of two or more distinct variants in a population.
10 Genetic drift J Selection favouring the two ends of a continuously varying
characteristic.
11 Inbreeding K Reduction in genetic diversity following the separation of a very small
proportion of an original population. Population of the new gene pool
lacks diversity until numbers build and mutation occurs.
12 Mutation L Movement of genes between gene pools by immigration and
emigration.
13 Natural Selection M A gradual change in the traits of a species over a geographical
gradient.
14 Polymorphism N The ultimate source of variation in a gene pool.
15 Stabilising Selection O A local interbreeding population of a species.
Q 1
Domestication – the breeding of plants and animals with desired traits – is due to artificial selection.
Explain the key differences between artificial selection and natural selection.
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Q 2
Evolution by natural selection is often said to be “Survival of the fittest”. Explain what the term “fittest” means in
a biological context.
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