Level 3 Supporting Teaching

Level 3 Supporting Teaching
Unit 311 Support Literacy Development
1.1
Literacy is fundamental to all areas of learning from an early age, as it unlocks access to the wider
curriculum. Being literate increases opportunities for pupils in all aspects of life and lays the
foundations for lifelong learning and work.
Competence and confidence in literacy, including competence in the three major areas, reading,
writing, speaking and listening, are essential for progress in all areas of the curriculum. To broaden
and enhance children's literacy skills, opportunities need to be given by providing them with a wide
range of different contexts in which to use and practice there skills. With reference to the aims of the
Primary Framework for Literacy 'To support and ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
The twelve strands in the National Curriculum for English are:
1. Speaking
2. Listening and responding
3. Group discussion and interaction
4. Drama
5. Word recognition: decoding (reading) and encoding (spelling)
6. Word structure and spelling
7. Understanding and interpreting texts
8. Engaging and responding to texts
9. Creating and shaping texts
10. Text structure and organisation
11. Sentence structure and punctuation
12. Presentation.
Suzanne Glossop Evidence No 10
1.3
The planning for Year 3 Literacy follows the National Primary Literacy Framework. Within my
setting I have prior discussions with the class teachers on what the planned activity is and how I am
going to support the children to achieve the learning objective. All support staff are given plans for
the day/week on certain curriculum subjects that they will be supporting. This will contain the aim
outline what the lesson, or series of lessons, hopes to achieve. Prior knowledge points to relevant
knowledge pupils may already have and also to knowledge which may be necessary in order to
support them in accessing this new topic.
Learning Outcome–outline what a pupil will be able to do, know and understand having completed

the topic. Lists the resources which will be needed in the teaching and learning of a particular topic.
Introducing the topic (in some plans only) outlines an approach to introducing
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Active Learning At The Heart Of Mathematics
ACTIVE LEARNING in practice for Processes in Mathematics in the Primary School. Frank Quinn
Module MCS 3017 8th December 2014 Cockcroft (1982) states that problem–solving ability lies "at
the heart of mathematics" (p.73). The report also identifies in Para 243 the importance of offering
the opportunity to pupils to engage in problem–solving including the application to everyday
situations. This has been further promoted through the importance of the Cross Curricular Skills of
the Revised Northern Ireland Curriculum which promotes using mathematics, using communication
and using information and communications technologies (uICT). The curriculum experience also
requires the development of each pupil in the domains of thinking skills and ... Show more content
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Problem solving stems from a constructivist approach where the children are required to construct
and contextualise their learning around different experiences rather than simply absorb the
knowledge and move onto the next topic. The majority of problems have more than one way of
achieving the solution so therefore they can be approached in a variety of ways. Due to the freedom
of approach, problems can be attempted individually or through peer learning. This active learning
approach can make the learning, and the teaching, more enjoyable, whilst create an environment for
greater cross–curricular learning and understanding whilst promoting a positive attitude toward
numeracy and creativity. Problem solving in mathematics provides a window for the teacher to
obtain a view of the child's understanding of concepts within mathematics as they move through the
childhood concept development sequence (Charlesworth et al, 2011). The assessment of this
information can be gained through observing the child or using effective questions to draw out the
child's cognitive creative thinking as they develop the solutions for the problem. In the Foundation
stage, children discover problems through play–based activities, for example, they use non–standard
units of measurement such as blocks or Lego, to build a desired construct, thus they learn how to
recognise and use informal measurement. As the child grows and develops they

The Job Of Early Years Foundation Stage Class Teacher
It is with great interest and enthusiasm I apply for the job of Early Years Foundation Stage Class
Teacher.
After extensive and varied experience of working throughout St Michaels Catholic Primary School
and Cavendish Primary School, I would like to continue my career as a Foundation Stage, Class
Teacher.
My current position, working as a full time Reception Class Teacher requires excellent
communication with children, other teachers, child–care professionals and parents who often come
from diverse cultural backgrounds.
Patience and sensitivity are vital when communicating with adults and children in the school setting
and these qualities, I believe, are my strengths. My work as a Class Teacher and a Subject Leader
requires the ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
I record both, short and long observations of the children and alongside their drawings and
photographs, collate a learning journal, which is then shared with their parents. This allows me to
plan activities that interest and challenge the children and set the next steps for each child. This also
encourages parents to work in close partnership with the school. I undertake home visits each year.
These visits enable me to participate in the positive development of home–school links. I also work
in close partnership with the school's SENCO and outside agencies, and so I am aware of children's
varying needs – from special education needs to those who may be gifted and talented. I am familiar
with children's IEP's and the reviewing of their targets as I am involved in entering assessments into
Classroom Monitor, the online assessment tool.
Every half term, the children complete a summative assessment task, which I record on Classroom
Monitor and on our half–termly trackers. I then use this data to track the progress of my children
and create an action plan to identify the next steps in learning for children. I use the information
from case studies to inform my future planning for the child. Due to the recent changes in the EYFS
and EY Profile, I summarise the "Best Fit" judgment concerning the age and stage that a child is
working within. This helps me to

Essay about 2301 Final Exam Workbook 2
CHAPTER 1: INTRODUCTION TO PSYCHOLOGY
Objective 1.1
Define psychology.
Key Terms
Psychology– scientific study of behavior and mental processes
Exercises
1. Put a check mark by each statement that is true regarding psychology.
_√____ Psychologists study human behavior.
_√____ Psychologists study animal behavior.
_ √___ Psychologists study emotions and mental processes.
_____ Psychology and "common sense" lead to the same conclusions about behavior and mental
processes.
_____ Psychology is not a science.
Objective 1.2
Define the scientific method, and explain how it is used in psychology.
Key Terms
scientific method
Exercises
1. What is the main purpose of the scientific method?
2. The steps of the scientific method are (1) ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
2. Each bag of M&Ms has candies of several colors. Thus, the three red M&Ms that Barry took out
of his bag (are/are not) a representative sample.

3. Why are researchers concerned about the representativeness of the samples in their studies?
a. They don't want to offend anyone.
b. They hope to generalize the findings of their studies to populations of interest.
c. Representative samples are usually large enough to ensure statistical significance.
d. Scientific journals will not publish a study unless the sample is representative.
Objective 1.6
Describe the experimental method, state its advantages and disadvantages, and distinguish between
independent and dependent variables.
Key Terms
experimental method causal hypothesis independent variable dependent variable experimental group
control group random assignment
Exercises
1. What is the primary advantage of the experimental method?
2. Read the scenario and answer the questions that follow it.
In a laboratory study of sleep deprivation, researchers employed a variety of techniques to keep
volunteers awake for variable amounts of time. One group of participants was kept awake for 24
hours, and the other was kept awake for 48 hours. During periods of forced wakefulness,
participants were required to engage verbal learning tasks such as memorizing the definitions of
obscure English words. At the conclusion of the period of forced wakefulness, participants were
allowed to sleep for as

Conversion Experiences Are the Strongest Evidence for the...
Bridging Unit TASK One: Career Plan Career aspirations In the near future I would like to work in
primary education. I originally wanted to go into secondary education with a qualification in
Religion and Theology, however over the course of my first year in A Levels I realised that I had
chosen the wrong subjects and this could be seen in the results that I got. I still wanted to work with
children so I decided to go into Primary education. I had thought about two different ways into how
I could approach my future ambitions, they are as the following, the first route was to complete my
education go to university and complete a degree in Primary education, and my second route was to
quite education and go into an apprenticeships, ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
Personally I believe that I am organised, I always carry round a diary, where I note down important
dates and deadlines, and therefore allowing me to manage my time more efficiently. Another
strength that I have is that I know how to operate a computer and I know how to use a computer
effectively, at GCSE I got a B in my exam in Information and Technology, therefore giving me an
advantage compared to someone who do not know how to use the computer. I also believe that I am
confident, and that I have courage and the ability to speak to new people and adapt myself to a new
environment without feeling uncomfortable. As well as that, I am also able to work in a group,
where I can listen to my members in my group as well as voice my own opinion. Although I have
many strengths, I equally have my weaknesses. One of my major weaknesses is that my revision
techniques aren't as strong as it needs to be, by this I mean that I have the material which is required
for the revision, however I do not know how to revise effectively. Although I can speak in public
without fear, or voice my opinion without having any difficulties, I am unstable when it comes to
writing, I have the basic grammar but because I only moved into England half way through year 4, I

Transition from Early Years Essay
This assignment is based upon my understanding of child development and children's learning,
considering the curriculum for the Early Years and the curriculum for the Early Years Foundation
Stage/Key Stage One. I propose to outline a rationale for effectively continuing children's learning,
from the end of the Early Years Foundation Stage into Year One and include strategies to support
transitions, effective curriculum delivery and links between the EYFS and the National Curriculum.
Throughout the assignment I will refer not only in general but also to how my research has help me
as a practitioner help my setting to effectively continue children's learning.
Looking at Government reports about transition from the Foundation Stage to Key ... Show more
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PSHE and citizenship – PSED. Music, art, drama and creativity – CD and Physical development–
PD.
In addition, simply because a child moves from the Foundation Stage into Key Stage One shouldn't
mean that the curriculum ceases being active. Young children learn best when they are engaged in
worthwhile, hands on experiences. On the same premise, play does not have to end but it needs to
be teacher initiated and led in order to be of much educational value, for instance, children are
unlikely to spell words correctly, if there isn't a teacher to help sound out the letters in the word.
Ros Bayley and Sally Featherstone are writers on teaching and learning have written a book entitled
Smooth Transitions. In it they state 'a three year olds brain is twice as active as an adult brain and
this level of activity continues to the age of 9 or 10. Children develop 50% of their eventual ability
to learn before the age of 4 and another 30% before they are 8. Adult interaction and physical
activity continue to make a massive difference to learning during childhood' When measuring the
difference between boys and girls they found that 'most girls have made sufficient links to their
brains to begin the complex skills of reading and writing by the time they are four and a half while
in most boys it is nearer to six' They also say that research from all over the world

Cross-Curricular Learning Essay
'Making cognitive connections, within subjects and between subjects...' ( Piaget 1977, Cockburn and
Haylock 2008,Rose 2009) is an aspect of cross–curricular learning. Generally speaking, cross–
curricular learning is when skills, knowledge and attitudes of a number of disciplines which are
applied to a single experience, problem, question, theme or idea. In simple terms, it's also known as
a thematic approach. From this point, I'd be exploring the reasons why a thematic approach should
be adopted in the classroom and this approach could deliver the four core subjects in the National
Curriculum in Key Stage 1. On top of that I'd be exploring the issues raised of adopting a cross–
curricular approach and the implications of using a theme–based ... Show more content on
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This form of assessment allows me to find out children's prior learning experiences and interests and
gives me an indication of where they are at, whilst children getting to have a 'voice' in what goes on
in their classroom. On top of that, at the start of the term children would be able to engage in theme
based lessons by inquiring them to suggest themes they'd like to study over the next half term, this
gives children the power to take control of their own learning and supports children's intrinsic
motivation of wanting to learn for themselves.
Again, due to the fact that children's interests and experiences are used to form a platform for
learning, the thematic approach tends to lend itself to be more motivating for pupils in conjunction
with their wider life experiences, as suggested by Barnes (2009). (Mumford. D (2000) Planning a
theme–based unit, Canada: Pacific Edge Publishing Ltd) This kind of assumption asserts that all
children responds positively to the same style of teaching or the same stimulus. However, he
neglects that motivation arises from many sources and children are inspired by different and
unpredictable outputs. It is therefore understood that cross–curricular approach will not suit all
children. But at the same time, as my role as a

2301 Final Exam Workbook Essay
CHAPTER 1: INTRODUCTION TO PSYCHOLOGY
Objective 1.1
Define psychology.
Psychology is defined as the scientific study of behavior and mental processes.
Key Terms
psychology
Exercises
1. Put a check mark by each statement that is true regarding psychology.
___X__ Psychologists study human behavior.
___X__ Psychologists study animal behavior.
___X__ Psychologists study emotions and mental processes.
_____ Psychology and "common sense" lead to the same conclusions about behavior and mental
processes.
_____ Psychology is not a science.
Objective 1.2
Define the scientific method, and explain how it is used in psychology.
Key Terms
Scientific method: The orderly, systematic procedures that researchers follow as they identify a ...
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3. Why does correlation fail to prove causation?
Objective 1.5
Define representative sample and explain why it is important.
Key Terms

sample population representative sample
Exercises
1. Barry reached into his bag of M&Ms and pulled out three pieces of candy, each of which was red.
All of the M&Ms in Barry's bag are the (sample/population) of M&Ms. The three that he took out
are the (sample/population).
2. Each bag of M&Ms has candies of several colors. Thus, the three red M&Ms that Barry took out
of his bag (are/are not) a representative sample.
3. Why are researchers concerned about the representativeness of the samples in their studies?
a. They don't want to offend anyone.
b. They hope to generalize the findings of their studies to populations of interest.
c. Representative samples are usually large enough to ensure statistical significance.
d. Scientific journals will not publish a study unless the sample is representative.
Objective 1.6
Describe the experimental method, state its advantages and disadvantages, and distinguish between
independent and dependent variables.
Key Terms
experimental method causal hypothesis independent variable dependent variable experimental group
control group random assignment
Exercises
1. What is the primary advantage of the experimental method?
2. Read the scenario and answer the questions that follow it.
In a laboratory study of sleep deprivation, researchers employed a variety of techniques to keep

The Value Of Children Engaging With Their Local...
The value of children engaging with their local environment and using real locations provides a
learning experience in a real, known context that engages and motivates. The project, having an
authentic audience, provides a purpose to their learning with outcomes that uses skills and
knowledge learnt in a real context. Rogers suggests that children are leading learning and having
control over it when undertaking a project such as designing a leaflet to improve a local area. He
also suggests that they develop teamwork and collaboration when making the leaflet as a group.
In any locality, there is always opportunity to identify appropriate places, spaces and people to draw
upon for primary geography and the National Curriculum suggests that primary geography should
"inspire a curiosity and fascination about the world and its people...deepen understanding of the
interaction between physical and human processes, and of the formation and use of landscapes and
environments" (DfE, 2013:1). Pupils should be taught locational knowledge as well as place
knowledge and this is essential in ensuring that children have a wider understanding of their local
environment and the wider world. Pupils should experience first–hand observation, enabling them to
enhance their locational awareness. Improving their knowledge and expertise in order to relate to
the topic and dilemmas as well as benefits that will be apparent when completing a project using
geography to improve an area. An example of a

Piaget Of A Child 's Brain Development Theory
In today's society, we are constantly learning about new theories and expanding the knowledge on
those that we already know, about the physical and mental development of Children. Through past
and present theorists, we are shown whole new aspects of how a child develops to make up the
being that they become. Through Piaget's 'Congnitive development theory' we are shown the stages
of a child's brain development with a strong focus on the ages newborn – 11 years onwards. Piaget's
main theory is that children are able to construct their own knowledge as they manipulate and
explore their world for themselves. Another theorist I am going to explore in this piece is,
Bronfenbrenner. Bronfenbrenner began his theories soon after Piaget, and took ... Show more
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Bronfenbrenner began his studies in 1870 on the effects of neighbourhood on the development of
children's concepts. He is a well–known chid developmental psychologist and is most commonly
known for his theory on ecological systems and how that effects a child development.
Bronfenbrenner argued that "in order to understand human development, one must consider the
entire ecological system in which growth occurs" (Bronfenbrenner, U. 1994). The system is
inclusive of 5 influencing factors from the environment which he believes to have an impact on
child development such as, school and family, values but he also intertwines his theory with culture
and cultural beliefs by using the 'macrosystem' which is the patterns of culture. He believe that
while all these environmental factors had an effect on child development, culture was/is a huge part
in a childs upbringing which then plays a part on their development. "Much of developmental
psychology is the science of the strange behaviour of children in strange situations with strange
adults" (Bronfenbrenner 2009).
A key idea in Piaget's theory was cognitive development and how it relates to the 4 stages he created
in his theory. Each stage is age related which is a key concept in

The Capability Maturity Model
Comparison between CMM & CMMI
Term– Paper 2015 Abdul Basit Memon under the Supervision of Sugandh Wafai SZABIST
Abstract
Capability Maturity Model (CMM) is used when we talk about or refers a proper process
improvement approach which contain process models. It was developed by the Software
Engineering Institute (SEI). This paper contains a background discussion of CMM. An overview of
the development by using CMM Technique, concluded summary of the models, and a proper
description of the software development process improvement models and the outcomes given by
the software suppliers; this comparison can helps us to understand the usage of CMM or CMMI, its
approach to process improvement; summarizes some of the strengths and weaknesses of the CMM;
it tells the current status of the practice and how much money you can save by investing on software
process improvement; the comparative study of the Capability Maturity Model which shelters the
using of capability maturity model, key process areas, structure of capability maturity model, staged
representation, behaviour at five different characteristics , stages, assistances, profit and difference
between CMMI and CMM. ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
Introduction Capability Maturity Model isn't a process of lifecycle models. It is a way of improving
the software development quality. It was developed by Software Engineering Institute (SEI) of
Carnegie–Mellon University in 1986. II. Purpose of Using CMM The main purposes of using CMM
is to measure the quality of the software development processes of any organization and to measure
maturity of the software outcome and to identify the method of their practices of processing
software, which are required to increase the maturity of these processes. III. Staged Representation
CMM Shown in fig.1; five stages of CMM in which a company can handle its process of software
development, these stages can help to organization & manages its processes in a well–mannered

Building And Evaluating Experiential Learning Mechanisms
Building and evaluating experiential learning mechanisms requires a deep understanding of not only
general learning theory, but also the principal ways in which material can be taught to students.
According to authors of Effective Instruction for Stem Disciplines: From Learning Theory to
College Teaching, there are numerous traditional learning methods that are important for our
background. The first, which they call study–based, is based on student focus on materials, without
a strong active component. For most students, especially those of younger ages, this likely occurs
most at home, where students independently study for traditional examinations. The second
traditional learning method, retrieval, they describe as the conversion of study–based learning into
an active learning method. Retrieval encourages students to practice accessing information–to make
it so regular–that using it in later informational synthesis is already simple. The third traditional
learning method, which they call schema–building, is learning based on situational practice,
ensuring that students can appropriate handle the real–life aspects and applications of a concept
(Mastascusa et al., 2011).
Unfortunately, these traditional methods of learning are not always indicative of modern, dynamic
education. More modern learning techniques provide students with a far more interactive
experience. In one such method, students combine the first and third aforementioned traditional
study methods. Students

My Own Passion For Working With Young Children
Growing up I have been fortunate enough to have been taught by some truly inspirational teachers
and I am well aware of the effect they have had on my life and the choices I have made
subsequently. My own passion for working with young children extends from wanting to emulate
those role models and have the same impact on other children.
I have always known that I wanted to work with children; from the age of eleven I knew that I
wanted to become a primary school teaching. I am still as committed now as I was then of achieving
that goal. If being passionate, nurturing, focused and determinate is what you require then I am most
certainly suited for this position. I am a hardworking, confident and trustworthy person with a keen
desire to become a primary school teacher. Having spent two full terms independently managing a
class, I have gained excellent first–hand experience and an increased confidence in my own
abilities. I consider myself to be a very well organized, reliable and enthusiastic individual who can
not only work extremely well as part of a team but also remain professional under stressful
circumstances. From September 2011 to January 2014 I have worked both voluntarily and paid at
many primary and secondary schools within Nottinghamshire and Derbyshire. This has given me
great experience on how to support the teaching and learning of children right from Key stage 1
through to key stage 3. During this time I worked very closely with many class teachers,

Education And The Childcare Act
Since the government brought Every Child Matters and the Childcare Act 2006, every child between
3 and 4 years old is entitled to have 15 hours of free early yearsâ€TM education, over 38 weeks in
the year. The entitlement is funded by government via local authorities. The idea behind this is to
make sure all children have equal opportunities to education regardless of their social status. Also
their parents donâ€TMt have to pay for that 15 hours a week. Children will be learning through
play. For example, children will be learning to count to 10 through nursery rhyme and role play or
they will be learning the names of the colours through painting. Although there is some literacy
targets included within Early Years Foundation Stage, it is ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net
...
The state schools all follow National Curriculum and are inspected by OFSTED. The differences
between the state schools are in the way they are managed. Although they get government money to
some extent, how they spending it, it depends on what type of school they are. For instance, most
voluntary–aided schools are faith schools and the governing body of faith school is linked to a
particular faith or religion. The building or land of the school might be owned by religious charity or
church. They may also have assemblies in school to promote that particular faith or religious. There
are some types of schools that are not funded by local authorises. These are known as â€
̃independent schoolsâ€TM and â€ ̃academiesâ€TM. Below is the list of different type of schools in
UK: Foundation schools These types of schools have governing body and their admission policy is
agreed with local authority. Their building or land usually owned by governing bode or charitable
foundation. Support services are budgeted for and brought in. Trust schools They are similar to
Foundation schools, but they are different slightly that form a charitable Trust with an outside
partner, like a charity or college. Instead of having their own charitable Trust, they get help from
outsider. Like Foundation schools, support services are brought in school. Community schools This
type of schools are run and owned by local education authority and the support services are
provided by local authority.

Planning Matrix
The Decision Stage Analysis and intuition provide a basis for making strategy–formulation
decisions. The matching techniques just discussed reveal feasible alternative strategies. Many of
these strategies will likely have been proposed by managers and employees participating in the
strategy analysis and choice activity. Any additional strategies resulting from the matching analyses
could be discussed and added to the list of feasible alternative options. As indicated earlier in this
chapter, participants could rate these strategies on a 1 to 4 scale so that a prioritized list of the best
strategies could be achieved. The Quantitative Strategic Planning Matrix Quantitative Strategic
Planning Matrix (QSPM) is a high–level ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
Step 6 Compute the Sum Total Attractiveness Score. Add Total Attractiveness Scores in each
strategy column of the QSPM. The Sum Total Attractiveness Scores reveal which strategy is most
attractive in each set of alternatives. Higher scores indicate more attractive strategies, considering
all the relevant external and internal factors that could affect the strategic decisions. The magnitude
of the difference between the Sum Total Attractiveness Scores in a given set of strategic alternatives
indicates the relative desirability of one strategy over another. Limitations of QSPM A limitation of
the QSPM is that it can be only as good as the prerequisite information and matching analyses upon
which it is based. Another limitation is that it requires good judgment in assigning attractiveness
scores. Also, the sum total attractiveness scores can be really close such that a final decision is not
clear. Like all analytical tools however, the QSPM should not dictate decisions but rather should be
developed as input into the owner's final decision. Advantages of QSPM A QSPM provides a
framework to prioritize the strategies, it can be used for comparing strategies at any level such as
corporate, business and functional.The other positive feature of QSPM that it integrate external and
internal factors into decision making process.A QSPM can be developed for small and large scale
profit and

Tda 3.2 1.1entitlement and Provision for Early Years...
As part of the Every Child Matters and Childcare Act 2006 all children aged three and four in
England are entitled to 15 hours per week of early years education for free. The local authority is
provided with government funds to enable that early years education is provided for children for up
to two years of free education over 38 weeks of the year, parents will also have the option to pay for
additional hours if and when they require them. Early years education is about supporting very
young children, children aged 3–5 years old. It is very different from Key Stage 1 as it is based on
learning through play rather than a form of formal education. Although TA's may not always work
in the early years department it is important to ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
The Early Years Foundation Stage (EYFS) is the statutory framework that sets the standards that all
early years providers must meet to ensure that children learn and develop well and are kept healthy
and safe. It promotes teaching and learning to ensure children are ready for school and gives
children the broad range of knowledge and skills t hat provide the right foundation for good future
progress through school and life. The Early years foundation stage was introduced in 2008 and sets
out one standard framework for learning, development and care for all children from birth to the
foundation year. In Scotland there is the Curriculum for Excellence which aims to achieve a
transformation in education by providing a coherent, more flexible and enriched curriculum from 3
to 18. In Northern Ireland pupils in years 1 & 2 are in foundation stage and Key stage 1 consists of
years 3 and 4and Key stage 2 consists of 5 and 6. Early years learning usually runs with adults
working with children on focused activities that have specific concepts such as play involving using
numbers, starting letter formation and language activities. The classroom will usually contain
educational toys/play areas and children will be encouraged to work/play independently and choose
from a wide range of activities. Foundation stage classrooms/areas also have facilities outside the
classroom for outside play. The benefits of

An Investigation into Primary School Physical Education
An Investigation into Primary School Physical Education
This report will provide a concise investigation into the developmental stages of physical education.
Whilst this assignment will provide an overview of the subject in primary schools at present, it will
also go on to investigate into the issue of teaching on a practical basis and also look at how physical
education can develop a child. Using the information gathered from primary and secondary
research, which was conducted whilst attending a primary school as a six week work placement, the
latter stages will provide some critique and offer some recommendations to how physical education
can be improved or ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
through achievement
Develops muscular and respiratory systems, such as developing cardiovascular efficiency, muscle
mass, heart rate, stamina, fitness
Develops key skills such as communication
Moral traits, such as fair play, good sporting behaviour, respect for others, accepting authority
Develops organisational skills
Develop self confidence
Figure 1.Examples of some physiological, sociological and psychological benefits
The government has a major role, and although it is not an intention to delve into the government's
involvement in physical education, it is necessary to mention their ambitions to constantly improve
both the teaching and learning of physical education. This ambition can be represented through the
numerous teaching schemes, courses and initiatives that have also been made available by
organisations such the Physical Education Association (PEA) as reported latter on in the assignment.
Furthermore the government have the responsibility for deciding on the cornerstone set of
guidelines known as the National Curriculum.
Literature Review
The primary school which I worked at consisted of years one to six as well as a reception class. The

reception class gives an early introduction to education to pre–school children, where they are given
a lot of freedom to move and play,

A Rationale of the Outline Scheme of Work for Key Stage 3
A rationale of the outline scheme of work for Key Stage 3
Planning is a key part of teaching. Without a coherent plan lessons may lack structure and direction.
Long and medium term planning are an important part of this and in this rationale I hope to
demonstrate that my planning does indeed have all of these qualities.
The first element to be considered when rationalising this scheme of work is whether or not it meets
the needs of Key Stage 3 pupils. I believe that it does because the attainment focus is all within Key
Stage 3. However, this is only the very simplest level by which we can measure this criterion.
Firstly, we can also measure it by matching the scheme of work to the programme of study. If we
look at this we can see ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
So for example, in the topic about the good life pupils will study Buddhist monks and nuns. In this
way I think the scheme of work as greater coherence and pupils will be able to see clear reasons for
study topics.
At this point I think it would be a good idea to return to some of the philosophy behind the scheme
of work. Mainly it is thematic in approach. This is where religions are sub–divided into categories
and taught like this. For example, festivals, or Holy Books may be used as themes to teach across
the religions. One strength of the thematic approach is that it points to similarities between religions
and I think that this is where most value in RE comes from. However, these similarities are often far
too superficial and can even be slightly arbitrary . For example, some schools may teach 'spring
festivals' when the similarities between these festivals are not the time of year at which they are held
but something far more consequential. If this approach could move past this problem it would be far
more useful. Of course, we must remember that, once again this is only how the approach is used
rather than the approach itself that causes the problem. I have tried to avoid this problem in my
scheme of work by choosing topics that point to deeper similarities such as the idea of duty or the
good life. Another problem that I have tried to avoid is confusing pupils with lots of

Jean Piagets Theory on Child Dvevelopment
jean piagets theory on child developement
Jean Paiget (1896–1980) was biologist who was originally studied molluscs.
He was born in Neuchâtel, Switzerland he passed away September 16th 1980.
Jean Piaget's theory as 4 developmental stages these are,
* The Sensorimotor Stage (birth–2 years)
* The Preoperational Stage (2–7 years)
* The Concrete Operational (7–11 years)
* The Formal Operational Stage (11 years plus)
All of these 4 developmental stages have sub–stages for each age range.
Sensorimotor Sub–stages
Simple reflexes – (birth–1 month old)
At this time the infant uses natural reflexes that they were born with such as, sucking and rooting. In
which they understand the environment purely on these actions. ... Show more content on
Helpwriting.net ...
Operation this is the ability to do things in your head such as, 8x8=64 young children will use their
fingers to do the working out as where adults will do the working out in there head to come up with
the answer.
Schema helps us make sense of information such as, saying all sales men are pushy and because of
this knowledge we react around this to fit the situation presented in front of us.
Stage, this is where children are able to understand more at one stage of their life than another such
as,
A toddler can walk and talk where a baby can not. That's because a baby is not at that developmental
stage yet.
Jean Piagets theory's are model base for schools today teachers are encouraged to not push the child
to far beyond their abilities but yet to give them the experience to see, learn in a safe environment
where they are able to make mistakes and learn from them. This is called 'learning through
experience'
The curriculum came up with ages in stages in child development off of Jean Piaget's theories.
They use this to predict what a child can or can not do on the base of their age and level of

understanding.
www.teachernet.gov.uk www.learning andteachinginfo.com www.simplypsychology.org Jean piaget
wikipedia www.piaget.org/ Jean piaget

Cryptography : Aes And Rsa
CRYPTOGRAPHY: AES and RSA
2 AES
The Advanced Encryption Standard (AES) was published by the National Institute of Standards and
Technology (NIST) in 2001. AES is a symmetric block cipher with variable key and fixed data
length. The structure of AES is quite complex and cannot be explained easily compared to RSA. In
an AES, all operations are performed on 8–bit bytes. The cipher takes a plaintext block size of 16
bytes (i.e. 128 bits). The key length can be 16, 24, or 32 bytes. Depending on the key length, the
algorithm is referred to as AES–128, AES–192 or AES–256 respectively. The total number of
rounds N also depends on the key size. The number of rounds is 10, 12 and 14 for 128–bit, 192–bit
and 256–bit key length respectively. The ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
The output of the final round will be the cipher text.
2.1 DETAILED STRUCTURE OF AN AES ALGORITHM
The key expansion works as follows: The initial key is expanded into an array of words. Each word
is four bytes and for a 128–bit key, we will have 44 words (starting from w0 to w43). The initial key
is copied into the first four words of the expanded key. The remaining words of the expanded key
are filled in four words at a time. Each added word wi depends on the previous word wi–1 and the
word four positions back wi–4. A simple XOR is used and the key is therefore expanded into the
remaining words.
The AES algorithm has 4 basic transformations:
2.1.1 SubBytes
In this step, the algorithm uses a look–up table (LUT) or a substitution table/s–box to perform a
byte–by–byte transformation on the state array. The byte s[i, j] becomes s'[i, j] after the substitution
is done using the substitution table. The inverse SubBytes uses the Inverse S–box to perform the
transformation.
2.1.2 ShiftRows
This second step in each rounds is a permutation of rows by circular left shift. The inverse shift row
transformation is the inverse to ShiftRows as it performs the circular shift in the opposite direction.
2.1.3 MixColumns
The third step operates on each column separately. Each byte of a column is mapped into a new
value which is a function of all the four bytes in that column. It is designed as a matrix
multiplication in which each byte is treated as a polynomial in

Essay on Schools as Organisations
TDA 2.5
Schools as Organisations
1.1: Identify the main types of state and independent schools.
1.2: Describe the characteristics of the different types of schools in relation to educational stage(s)
and school governance.
Primary schools – funded by the Government and cover key stages 1 & 2.
Secondary schools – funded by the Government and cover key stages 3 & 4.
Academies – State maintained but independently run and cover key stages 3 & 4.
Nurseries – funded by the Government and cover the EYFS stage.
Colleges – for 16– 18 year olds offering vocational training and A levels.
Grammar Schools – funded by the Government and cover key stages 3 & 4 but pupils are selected
by ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
They will prepare and manage all classroom resources, display and mount all work, help supervise
the children in class and also at playtime on a rota.
Site manager and Assistants – is responsible for the maintenance and security of the school ensuring
it is fit for purpose which will include the use of experts when necessary for repairs. They are also
responsible for the site assistants who clean the school. The assistants clean the school at the end of
the day and also will enter the school in the holidays to do cleaning which cannot be done in term
time.
Kitchen manager and Assistants – They are responsible for the provision of a choice of lunch to all
pupils and staff. They must ensure the management, preparation and cooking of the food meets all
the required food safety standards and that the kitchen meets all the health and safety standards.
Mealtime Assistants – are responsible for the welfare of the children at lunchtime whether that is in

the dining hall, classroom or playground.
Administrator – works in the school office dealing with telephone calls and visitors. They are also
responsible for the registers and updating the attendance records, the collection of any monies for
school trips etc, the administration of medication to children, the contact details and all paperwork
required by the head and deputy head teachers.
2.2: Describe the roles of external professionals who may work with a schools e.g educational

1.2 Explain the main roles and responsibilities of key...
1.2 Explain the main roles and responsibilities of key staff involved in a child's learning Jobs
Governors The Governors are the Head of the school and they are volunteers, that are on a panel.
They are there to give direction, set accountability and act as a critical friend. They also hire staff,
review pay, and look after the curriculum. The head teacher is responsible for all the school, staff
under him and for the pupils, their education and discipline. Academies have greater freedom than
state run schools, as they have freedom from the local authority. They set their own pay and
conditions for staff. The timetable can be changed and days set to what they think is best, and also
the curriculum is not set in stone. Sometimes ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
Website – General information on what is happening at the school and their holiday timetable.
Contacts for the school. Parents Meetings / Evenings– to inform the parent of their child's progress
throughout the school year and where they need to improve. Newsletter – What 's on guide
Meetings – Some subjects need discussion. There are also key stages during a child's schooling that
the parents gets told of. Fronter is a online learning environment Keeping Up With Your Child
Literacy 1. Understand some of the main approaches to teaching literacy 1.1 Describe the currant
approaches to teaching and learning of literacy The approaches are the 3 key areas of reading
writing and speaking and learning. All from literacy mainly and focused upon the use of phonics.
They use CVC words to start with the sounds S,A,T,M,P. Words like sat, pat, map, are used and
blending letters together. 1.2 Give an outline of English in the national curriculum 1.3 Produce a
glossary of common literacy terms used in teaching and learning Differentiation is the task that will
differ for each child Program of study for each child Look, say, cover, write, check. A way of
breaking words up, the use of different colours in the middle sector. 100 high frequency words (the
most used words in the vocabulary)2. Know how to support a child to develop literacy skills 2.
Know how

Early Years Education
Health and Social Care Unit 16 Age Range: 6–8 years Contents Page Introduction on early years
education Page 3 Types of learning Page 6 Techniques of learning Page 7 Assessments Every child
matters Page 9 Birth to three Page 10 Foundation Stage Page 12 National Curriculum Page 14 Topic
1 Page 18 Evaluation Page 24 Topic 2 Page 27 Evaluation Page 33 Theorists and theories Page 36
Bibliography Page 40 Appendix Page 41 Early Years Education Early childhood is a crucial stage of
life in terms of children's physical, intellectual, emotional and social development and of their well–
being. The growth in children is both rapid and differential. A ... Show more content on
Helpwriting.net ...
Maturation can be defended as genetically programmed development. Stages of development
‘switch on' at fairly predictable time during childhood. The changes occur quiet rapidly, and allow
a similar pattern in almost all children. Almost all individuals have a unique genotype. This affects
their aptitudes and intelligence. Certain children have noticeable cognition deflects that limit their
ability to learn. Some of the conditions that lead to such deficits are strongly influences by genetics.
The Role of Learning Learning is the main process by which children acquire behaviour and
understanding from the environment. Children learn in various ways and acquire new ways in
learning, as they get older. Learning probably contributes more to human development has it does in
any other species. This has enabled humans to adapt to living in environments and conditions that
are far different from those present during much of human evolution. The role of a child in learning
Children play an important and active role in their own learning. Most infants display an intense
curiosity about the world. This leads them to make the most of opportunities to learn through play.
Children also make demands on parents on parents in a way that leads to learning opportunities,
although without necessarily realising that this is what they are doing. The tendency of children
from around 3–6 years old to ask a long series of

Tackling Gender Underachievement in Literacy and Numeracy...
Introduction
In recent years there has been much research into gender learning issues and the apparent learning
disparity between boys and girls.
Such research has included investigations into boys' underachievement in literacy and girls'
underachievement in mathematics. The aim of such research is to recognise key reasons why such
trends are occurring and perhaps more importantly, to address these within the classroom. Since the
introduction of the National Curriculum, national testing and assessment has provided a
comprehensive account of attainment at all key stages, especially in the key areas of numeracy,
literacy and science. However, such results should not be used exclusively when discussing gender
learning ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
Percentage of pupils achieving Level and above in
English tests at Key Stage 2: boys and girls
Year
The Centre for Literacy in Primary Education (CPLE) has extensively studied gender differences in
learning. One such area of their research is the Gender and Literacy project investigating 4
Londonschools and their findings are now being used to tackle the underachievement of boys in
literacy education.
Social stereotyping is believed to play a major part in the child's learning (Head, 1999), and such
role reinforcement will affect that child's attitude and motivation towards classroom education. It is
normal for young children to spontaneously play in single sex groups and this can be considered as
an early introduction into the single sex peer groups that will dominate in later life. Such group play
may be simply due to a common, shared interest, but the need to conform to group dynamics and the
need for group acceptance may reinforce stereotyping. Within the school environment boys tend to
adopt an
"anti swot culture" (Bradford, 1996:P1), Head states that "the swot is derided and one should be
'cool' about school work. Boys cannot be seen as taking this work too seriously." (1999:P65). The
DfES
(Department for Education and Skills) offer advice to teachers as part of the Gender and
Achievement website, of the 25 hints and tips about teaching approaches 18 are dedicated to the
negative aspects of boy

Stage 2.5 Building Construction
2.5 Building approval
Construction method and its various stages of construction help to identify key construction process
involved in various construction methods. During the construction of residential houses various
inspections and certification are required in order to ensure the house is constructed to required
standards as specified by building regulations. Independent building certifiers could carry out these
inspections. Some of the key functions of building certifier are (Department of Local Government
and Planning 2011):
Determines building applications and provides decision on building approvals
Conducts building inspection to ascertain they meet building standards
Informs builder for any incompliance in minimum standard and ... Show more content on
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A typical Timber/steel frame, brick veneer house constructed on slab on ground has five key stages
where Standard Building Regulation 1993 requires inspections (Smith, Smith & Mitchell 2013).
Stage 1– Site: site inspection is done to ensure that everything is according to the approved plans
and services are located according to the council plans. At this stage land surveyor might have
positioned building footprint to ensure set back distances as well.
Stage 2– Footings: At this stage excavation and reinforcement that supports the building are
inspected. This inspection is carried out before the concrete is poured to ensure size and depth of the
footings are correct and right size reinforcements with required spacing is maintained.
Stage 3– Slab: slab inspection is carried out after footings have been poured. At this stage
reinforcement, plastic membrane, compaction of soil, lagging of horizontal plumbing penetration
are inspected.
Stage 4– Frame: At this stage framework will be assessed according to residential timber framed
standards (Australian Standard AS1684.2–2010 – Residential Timber Framed Construction) or
engineer's design for timber or steel frame. Items such as tie downs, bracing, truss installation and
sizes of structural member are

Education As A Large Number Of Qualified Staff
hool as Organisations
Introduction
Education is a massive structure in England. At any one time there are approximately 12 million
children going through the educational system, this is about 1/5 of the population. It is mind
boggling, when you consider that each age group will have their own development requirements,
academic obligations and social needs, all of which are necessary to be met at school. In order to do
this successfully, every school must have a large number of qualified staff, who are knowledgeable
in a variety of fields from teachers to support staff to external professionals that in certain cohorts of
pupils. It is my intention to attempt to explain the systems and the job roles necessary to keep every
school ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
At the age of 5, children go on to primary school.
Primary
Every child has to attend primary school full time. While children are here, they start to study key
stage 1, and then go on to key stage 2. Children have to stay at primary school until they are 11
years of age. To begin with children mainly learn through play, focusing on basic numeracy and
literacy. On a daily basis, a child normally stays in the same classroom with the same teacher. Their
teacher normally delivers the national curriculum, from the core subjects (Maths, English, ICT and
Science) to Non–core foundation subject such as Geography, PE and Art. In year 6, pupils have their
Statutory Assessment Tests (SAT's) to do. Every child has to sit these tests. Their results are often
used when they enter secondary school for putting them in ability groups. Some people disagree
with these tests, an argument is that the tests are unnecessary and course a number of children
considerable stress and trauma. In 2008 this was the last year that year 9 sat their SAT's, but they
still remain for year 6. From then there has been a number of requests from parents and schools that
year 6 SAT's cease.
Secondary
Pupils enter secondary school at the age of 11. Secondary schools are much bigger then primary
school, for example there may be 240 pupils in a single year group at secondary – this may be more
than the entire primary school. Pupils start

Justification of Scheme of Work Essay example
Teaching for learning 2:
Justification for scheme of work
0805064
Angie Newton
Planning as a whole is an essential aspect of teaching and is even more effective when it's a process
that is collaborative with your colleagues and pupils, therefore enhancing the effectiveness of your
teaching (DCFS, 2011, Mawer, 1995). Schemes of work are a long term planning solution, which
identify the learning opportunities across a whole school year (Gower, 2004). The framework is
broad, so to go alongside the scheme of work, units of work are devised (Robinson & Smith, 1995).
The scheme of work should be a broad balance of sporting opportunities for pupils to experience
and participate in different activities.
The scheme of work is for an ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
The pupils would have participated in 2 hours of P.E each week, which supports government
aspirations for pupils to have at least 2 hours per week of high quality P.E undertaken within the
curriculum (QCDA, 2007).
I have presented the scheme like this because can develop their knowledge, skills and understanding
over the 3 years, because they are focusing of different key processes each year. For example in
Year 7 Invasion games the pupils focus on assessing their performance to the criteria on 2.1a/b,
Refining and adapting skills to techniques and developing the range of skill that they use. 2.2a is
selecting and using tactics and strategies in different creative, competitive and challenging contexts.
(QCDA 2007), which fit into the sections of 'developing skills and 'Making and applying decisions,
which is just undertaking the skills, refining it slightly to improve, linking this with acquiring
tactical awareness. (QCDA 2007)
If we move onto year 8 and 9, the key processes that are focused on are 'evaluating and improving.'
For example in Year 8 invasion games the pupils focus on 2.1c, which is developing the precision,
control and fluency of their skills (QCDA, 2007), which is a development on from year 7, so
promotes progression. Progression is important throughout each year of the scheme, so this has to
be

Reasons For Pe Being An Important Part Of The National...
The foundation subjects in the national curriculum comprise of history, geography, modern foreign
languages, physical education (PE), religious education, art and design, citizenship, computing,
design and technology and music (DFE 2013, p7).
All the foundation subjects have a place on the National Curriculum; however, for the purposes of
this essay we will be focussing on the reasons for PE being an important part of the National
Curriculum.
The National Curriculum (DFE 2013, p5) states that "every state–funded school must offer a
curriculum which is balanced and broadly based and which promotes the spiritual, moral, cultural,
mental and physical development of pupils at the school and of society and, prepares pupils at the
school for opportunities, responsibilities and experiences of later life".
It aims to "give children the knowledge that that they need to be educated citizens and gives an
outline of the core knowledge around which teachers can develop exciting and creative lessons to
promote pupils' knowledge, understanding and skills as part of the wider school curriculum" (DFE
2013, p6).
The key aims of PE on the national curriculum focusses on a healthy lifestyle developing
competence across several physical activity areas and for children to be active for sustained periods
of time and encouraging children to engage in competitive activities and sports (Smith 2014. P213).
At Key Stage 1 the national curriculum states that pupils should develop fundamental

Project Of A Commercial Environment- Hpro4004 Procurement...
Projects in a commercial environment– HPRO4004–Procurement
By Georgina Grant –1611161
Executive summary
In this assignment I will be writing a formal report that will explain a typical procurement process, I
will outline a variety of methods of supplier reimbursement and contract relationships; I will also
outline the pros and cons of each contract type. As well as this, I will explain a typical supplier
selection process through the use of Carters 10 C's and a typical selection process model.
Table of contents
Introduction .................................................................................................. Page 1
The procurement process ........................................................................ Page 2–4
Supplier Reimbursement and Contract Relationships ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
The procurement process
The procurement life cycle can be made up into 13 key stages. The stages I am going to follow the
CIPS stages of procurement and supply management. (Cips.org, 2017)
(Cips.org, 2017)
Stage 1
The first stage of the process is to understand and define the buyer's needs. This is where the
procurement department need to recognize that a product is needed in order to purchase it. This
needs to be done with a high level specification which can be achieved by using a variety of
stakeholders. This stage is where all the requirements for the product need be identified.
Stage 2
The second stage is market/commodity this needs to be taken place after the buyer has got the buyer
needs to a high specification to ensure that at this stage the right product is chosen. At this stage the
procurement department need to research all options available within the market. By getting an
estimate of what is on the current market, it enables the buyer to pick out potential suppliers also
familiarising the buyer with the competition in the market. This is also the stage where the
procurement department would be able to look into conducting an analysis on how they are going to
achieve the product i.e. make or purchase it/ utilize the service. By conducting market research it
gives stakeholders a clear picture of the market.
Stage 3
The third stage is developing the plan. Once the specification has been

How The Military Health System Will Provide A New...
This November the nation will elect a new President and the present Defense Secretary Ash Carter
may no longer keep his position. As a member of the Defense Secretary's advisory team, part of
your responsibilities is to make sure that the rules and policies stay in tact and that the many details
that remain unclear get implemented. One of the main issues addressed should be "how the military
health system will provide care to transgender troops, to include medical support for gender
transitions." You should include some discussion about 1) appropriating funding; 2) key
stakeholders; 3) programmatic and or agency accountability and 4) expected and projected outcome.
The statistics have shown from the Palm Center's Report of the Transgender Military Service
Commission, that transgender Americans have serviced in the military for years. In addition,
transgender are three times more likely to serve in the military than non–transgender. If that is the
case, why are transgender people currently prohibited from serving openly, without the fear of
disclosures and discharge, as well as, feeling they are treated unequally. Even though, the Defense
Secretary Ash Carter announced new rules and policy for transgender troops serving in the military
after a year of contentious debate inside the Pentagon because, some senior military leaders
questioned the impact on readiness. Therefore, the objective of the Defense Secretary's advisory
team is to make sure that all health–care

My Engagement With Teach First Leadership Development Program
This portfolio seeks to critically reflect on my engagement with the Teach First Leadership
Development Program (TFLDP) and how the Continuous Professional Development (CPD) offered
as part of the program has influenced my current and future classroom practice. The TFLDP is the
official title given to the training program that all Teach First participants are expected to complete.
The program is two years in duration, throughout which, participants are offered various forms
CPD, all of which falls under three broad headings; Leading Self, Leading People and Leading
Learning. In this assignment, I will focus on how, in conjunction with Teach First support staff and
CPD opportunities, I have addressed two of the three key strands; Leading Learning and Leading
people. The first strand I will focus on is Leading Learning. I will describe how I worked with my
Leadership Development Officer and Educational Consultant to engage passive learners by
introducing cooperative learning into the classroom, I will critically reflect on the progress we made
towards the vision I created. Secondly, I will focus on how a session forced me to address the wider
issues facing my students outside of the classroom and the work that I have done with the East
Midlands Action Network (EMAN) to make progress towards providing Socio–economically
disadvantaged children with enriching experiences.
School Context
For the purposes of this assignment all names including that of the school, school staff and

Key Requirements For A Successful Vm Implementation Essay
There are several important additional requirements for a successful VM implementation ( Jaapar,.
et al. 2012). First, unwavering and visible support from top management is an absolute prerequisite
for the success of a VM program. Second, it is imperative that all stakeholders (investors, end users,
project team, the owner, constructors/manufacturers, designers, specialist suppliers, etc.) be
involved in the process, especially during the VP and VE stages. The extent of their involvement
depends on the level and stage of the value management process, as well as the person responsible
for VM procedures. Third, in larger or more complex projects, an independent/external value
manager is needed, as well as an external team with relevant design and technical expertise. Projects
that are highly complex are simply too challenging or massively complex to enable one individual
to conduct all VM analyses herself. It is important to ensure that when a value manager is appointed
to oversee a project, he is afforded the cooperation of all stakeholders. In the case of smaller
projects, VM might be undertaken by the sponsor's professional adviser or project manager and, in
some cases, an external professional. However, when establishing a structure for dealing with value
for money on projects, there may be a need for expert assistance, particularly at the ''review'' stages.
Fourth, because each project is different, there is no single correct approach to VM. However, there
are a

Verizon Performance Summary
Verizon Communications, Inc. (NYSE: VZ), is the second largest wireless cellular provider in the
United States, following AT&T, Inc. (NYSE: T), and ahead of Sprint Corporation (NYSE: S), and
T–Mobile US, Inc. (NYSE: TMUS) (Media and communications: Corporations, 2014). Verizon also
provides cable television and landline telephone services in certain areas of the country. Earlier this
year Verizon bought out its partner in Verizon Wireless, Vodafone Group plc (Nasdaq: VOD)
(Verizon Communications Inc., 2014a, p. 6). Verizon ranks third among world telecommunications
companies, behind AT&T, Inc. (NYSE: T) and Japan's Nippon Telegraph & Telephone Corporation
(NYSE: NTT). While Verizon provides cellular and home (wireline) phone service, and ... Show
more content on Helpwriting.net ...
Two key areas for improvement are revenue, through customer base and equipment sales increases,
and margin improvements. Private labeling, which Verizon has attempted before with the cable
television industry (Bode, 2013), is one key area that Verizon's competitors excel (Sprint , 2014),
but Verizon is not presently utilizing. Additionally, expansion of the Edge program, whereby
customers can acquire a new smart phone every year will improve customer retention and growth
and improve margins, since customers pay full price for the equipment instead of deply discounted
or free phones. The combination of revenue increases and margin improvement is projected to
increase the bottom line by 17 percent (Aooendix

Inclusion of Games in National Education Curriculum Essay
Inclusion of Games in National Education Curriculum
The inclusion of games in the national curriculum for physical education, provide children with a
wide range of benefits, which can lead to increased physical and mental development through sport.
Team games have recently been emphasised in the national curriculum, with a privileged status for
games establishing within the activity based framework of the national curriculum (Williams, 2000).
It is a common fact that sport can provide children with positive and enjoyable experiences, and
through the appropriate teaching and learning of games, these experiences can be developed to
provide children with the ability to realise his/her physical ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net
...
Key stage 1 states that pupils should be taught that regular exercise improves health and how one
feels. In order to encourage children to further participate in physical activity, the child's experience
must be an enjoyable one. It is no use taking a large group of children and have them running
around a gym with no real aim or objective. This is reflected in key stage 2 when it states that
children should be taught that exercise can be fun and sociable. Williams (2000), states that P.E
experiences need to be fun, exciting, challenging and rewarding. Games can provide children with a
variety of enjoyable and challenging experiences, including working as a team member, appropriate
competition and a variety of different game situations. There is the argument however that time
allocation for physical education in schools is not enough to improve the physical fitness of a child.
Siedentop (1994) states that time is always limited, and students should get as much successful
experience as possible. Although time scale is restricted, if the experience is enjoyable, then it may
lead to children seeking further opportunities in sport.
As well as developing and encouraging a physically active lifestyle, games is

A Critical Analysis of the National Numeracy Strategy Essay
A Critical Analysis of the National Numeracy Strategy.
The National Numeracy Strategy was implemented in September 1999, setting a target for 75% of
all pupils reaching at least level four in mathematics by 2002. This essay will focus on the findings
since the implementation of the strategy for both pupils and teachers. In order to do this I will
examine the Numeracy Strategy Framework guidelines, which state how the teaching of
mathematics should be carried out in primary education and evaluate some of the main criticisms
since the implementation.
Since the implementation of the Numeracy Strategy, a maths lesson should occur on a daily basis in
every class from reception to year six. According to the Framework of the Strategy, each ... Show
more content on Helpwriting.net ...
When working with individuals or pairs, teachers need to ensure that the rest of the class is working
on related tasks and exercises.
The last stage of the lesson consists of a plenary session, which lasts between ten to fifteen minutes
and brings the whole class together in order to summarise what they have learnt. This stage of the
lesson should be a time to sort out any problems that children may have had, make links with other
work and to set homework.
Some plenary sessions may last longer than others depending on the outcomes for e.g. more time
may be needed for explanation and discussion to identify errors and misunderstandings. It is
important to iron out any problems at this stage before moving onto another task.
Although this is just a brief description of a typical lesson from the Framework guidelines of the
Numeracy Strategy, it is clear that the importance of mathematics is stressed over and over again.
This is evident where the Framework continually stresses the importance of linking mathematics
wherever possible. The Framework suggests that children should identify between mathematics and
other subject areas for e.g. in geography map reading will require calculations of measures and
angles etc. Teachers are encouraged to bring to the attention of their pupils where these links can be

The Structure of Education from Early Years to...
The structure of education from early years to post–compulsory education Entitlement &
provision for early years education. As part of the every child matters agenda and the Childcare Act
2006 every child aged 3 & 4 is entitled to receive part time early years education of up to 12.5
hours per week for 38 weeks of the year to ensure that they receive up to 2 years free education
before reaching school age. The characteristics of schools & school governance. All schools are
seeking to enforce expectations in terms of meeting the national curriculum. Under the National
Curriculum there are four Key Stages to education: Foundation 4 year olds Key Stage 1 5 to 7 year
olds Key Stage 2 7 to 11 year olds ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
These may include learning disabilities or physical disabilities. Some special schools are funded by
the local education authority. These could be community, voluntary–aided or controlled, or
foundation special schools. Some special schools are independent. Faith schools Faith schools are
mostly run in the same way as other state schools. However, their faith status may be reflected in
their religious education curriculum, admissions criteria & staffing policies. Grammar schools
Grammar schools select all or most of their pupils based on academic ability. Maintained boarding
schools Maintained boarding schools offer free tuition, but charge fees for board & lodging.
Independent schools An independent school (also referred to as a private school, or in England as a
public school) is a school that is not financed through the taxation system by local or national
government and is instead funded by private sources, predominantly in the form of tuition charges,
gifts and long–term charitable endowments, and so is not subject to the conditions imposed by
accepting state financing. Free schools Free Schools are normally brand–new schools set up by
teachers, charities, community or faith groups, universities and groups of parents where there is
parental demand. They will be set up as Academies and will be funded in the same way, directly
from central government. They also share with Academies a greater control over their

Early Years Education Essay
Early Years Education is the provision of an education environment for children between the ages of
0 and 5. Children between the ages of 4 and 5 will then start school in the reception class. The
environments that education can be provided in include the following:
– Nursery Schools: Nurseries schools provide early learning for children between the ages of 3 and
five. The nursery may be linked to/ adjoining a school. Some nurseries are also extending their
provision to include 2 year olds.
– Play groups and pre–schools: Often run voluntarily, they usually take children between 3 and 5
although may have a provision for 2 year olds.
– Day Nursery: A day nursery is a childcare centre that caters mainly for working parents (whether
full–time or part–time) and this means that they are usually open for extended ... Show more content
on Helpwriting.net ...
They can look after no more than three children under the age of 5. They can look after up to six
children under the age of 8.
– Nannies: Nannies (or other home–based carers) are childcare providers who work in the
childâ€TMs own home, able to look after children of any age.
Although not compulsory, free early years education is available to all 3 and 4 year olds throughout
the UK if their parents wish for them to attend. It is also being extended to some two year olds.
This free education covers nurseries and childminders. All 3 and 4 year olds are entitled to 15 hours
of free Early Years Education per week, for up to 38 weeks of the year. In nurseries this is usually
taken as 3 hours per day (either a morning place or an afternoon place attending 5 days a week).
Childminders will be flexible to the needs of the parents and provision may depend on their
availability. All free early education must be within an approved setting for it to be provided free of
charge. There is now also a provision of free education including nursery and childminders

Tda 2.5: Schools as Organisations Essay
1.1. Identify the main types of state and independent schools.
Primary schools
Secondary schools
Academies
Nurseries
Colleges
Grammar schools
Free schools
Faith schools
Foundation schools
Private schools
Private nurseries
Special needs schools
1.2 Describe the characteristics of the different types of schools in relation to educational stage(s)
and school governance.
Primary schools – Funded by the Government and cover key stages 1 & 2.
Secondary schools – Funded by the Government and cover key stages 3 & 4. Academies – State
maintained but independently run and cover ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
Teaching Assistants support classroom management and assist with general administration. They
help manage pupil behaviour and support pupils' health, safety and emotional/social development.
Teaching assistants establish relationships with learners and help pupils to access the curriculum.
They support the development and effectiveness of work teams, work with other professionals and
liaise effectively with parents.
2.2 Describe the roles of externals professionals who may work with a school e.g. educational
psychologist.
Educational psychologist Educational psychologists apply knowledge and understanding to help
parents, teachers and other adults working with young children. Each school has a link educational
psychologist who visits regularly.
Educational psychologists work with children who have a range of difficulties. Their roles consist of
them;–
Meeting people who know the child best (parents/carers and practitioners)
Assessing the child at home and in the setting/school

Reviewing the child's progress over time
Liaising with other agencies after consultation with parents/carers
Considering what specialist help would be beneficial to the child and discuss options with
parents/carers
Helping to plan arrangements for the child going to

Level 3 Supporting Teaching

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