The document discusses open data trends and how they relate to island and small communities. It describes challenges small, remote communities face in accessing and using open data due to lack of skills, resources, and control over their own data representation. The document advocates for empowering communities to both produce and utilize open data in order to increase visibility, identity, decision making and social benefits both within and between communities. Research challenges are outlined around working with multiple small datasets from disconnected communities.

1. Open Data
Islands and Communities
Alan Dix
Talis and University of Birmingham
http://alandix.com/academic/talks/EPCGI-2016/
http://tireetechwave.org/odic/
EPCGI’2016
Covilhã, Portugal

2. Tiree
Tiree Tech Wave
March 2017
University of
Birmingham

3. today I am not talking about …
• intelligent internet interfaces
• visualisation and sampling
• small device – large display interactions
• fun and games, virtual crackers,
artistic performance, slow time
• physicality and product design
• creativity and Bad Ideas
• modelling dream, regret,
the emergence of self

4. … or even lots of lights
http:/www.hcibook.com/alan/projects/firefly/

5. REF !!!
… and certainly not to mention …
UK University Research
Assessment Exercise

6. I am talking about
digital technology
data
margins – geographic, social, economic

7. HCI trends
Open Data
Tiree an island community
Alan Walks Wales
Tiree Projects
Open Data redux
Open Data Islands and Communities

8. HCI trends
Open Data
Tiree an island community
Alan Walks Wales
Tiree Projects
Open Data redux
Open Data Islands and Communities

9. HCI trends… (some!)

10. choice?
https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:1980s_computer_worker,_Centers_for_Disease_Control.jpg
https://www.flickr.com/photos/sergesegal/4913456192
https://www.gov.uk/
1970s & 1980s
employers choose
1990s & 2000s
consumer choice
2010s eCitizenary

11. a growing divide?

12. HCI
CSCW, social
information systems
ethical, political
data
Human-Data
Interaction

13. first paper on privacy in HCI
@ Interact’90

14. machine learning/AI & HCI
1992 – gender and ethnic bias
in AI & ML

15. HCI trends
Open Data
Tiree an island community
Alan Walks Wales
Tiree Projects
Open Data redux
Open Data Islands and Communities

16. Open data …

17. Open Data
everyone is doing it
Governments, Cities, local gov.
In C21 Data is Power

18. government

19. big cities

20. large homogeneous datasets
the low hanging fruit of open data

21. data is power

22. why not an island?

23. HCI trends
Open Data
Tiree an island community
Alan Walks Wales
Tiree Projects
Open Data redux
Open Data Islands and Communities

24. Tiree an island community

25. About Tiree
poor mobile
phone
coverage
650 residents
24,000 summer visitors

26. geographically remote &
limited access to services

27. poor in economic capital
rich in human capital

28. ? 0 1 ? 0 1 ? 0 1 ? 0 1 ? 0 1 ? 0 1 ? 0 1 ? 0
1 ? 0 1 ? 0 1 ? 0 1 ? 0 1 ? 0 1 ? 0 1 ? 0 1 ?
0 1 ? 0 1 ? 0 1 ? 0 1 ? 0 1 ? 0 1 ? 0 1 ? 0 1
? 0 1 ? 0 1 ? 0 1 ? 0 1 ? 0 1 ? 0 1 ? 0 1 ? 0 1
? 0 1 ? 0 1 ? 0 1 ? 0 1 ? 0 1 ? 0 1 ? 0 1 ?
0 1 ? 0 1 ? 0 1 ? 0 1 ? 0 1 ? 0 1 ? 0 1 ? 0 1
? 0 1 ? 0 1 ? 0 1 ? 0 1 ? 0 1 ? 0 1 ? 0 1 ? 0
there are many communities like
Tiree across the world

29. HCI trends
Open Data
Tiree an island community
Alan Walks Wales
Tiree Projects
Open Data redux
Open Data Islands and Communities

30. Alan Walks Wales
1000 miles of community, technology
and poetry

31. Welsh Coast Path
opened May 2012
linking existing paths
a single way marked route
with Offa’s Dyke encircles Wales
three full traversals in 2012 (one running)

32. vision
personal
encircling, encompassing, pilgrimage, homecoming,
practical
IT for the walker & IT for local communities
philosophical
reflections on walking and space, locality and identity
research
personal agenda and living lab

33. no hard boundaries
research – practice
personal – philosophical
19th century science or Mediaeval?

34. data
location
GPX ... batteries ... sporadic signals ....
bio-sensing
ECG (heart), EDA (skin) and accelerometers
audio and images
in the moment
text
after the event
implicit
explicit

35. always connected?
mobile signal
absent or weak
broadband ...
not so broad
masts point to sea
not land ...
yachts = money
https://explore.ee.co.uk/coverage-checker

36. ... not a recent issue ...

37. community

38. HCI trends
Open Data
Tiree an island community
Alan Walks Wales
Tiree Projects
Open Data redux
Open Data Islands and Communities

39. Tiree projects

40. Tiree Tech Wave

41. island projects – slow research
Frasan - mobile heritage app
OnSupply – renewable energy awareness
Projected touch-table
TireeConnect – island communication
gossip is not enough!
TireeDashboard
General pattern
understand – act – reflect
… takes time

42. island heritage
An Iodhlann
island archive
15000 items
frasan
mobile heritage app
N.B no signal!

43. On Supply

44. the chip van that tweets …
… and the internet connected Open sign

45. Tiree Touch Table – version 1

46. Tiree Touch Table – redux

47. TireeConnect
island communication
–gossip is not enough!
SMS + SM portal for youth work
public display

48. Tiree Dashboard
each ‘app’ offers
summary information …
… and expands
to link to sources
and further details

49. 0010010
1010011
0100101
1110011
0110101
0001110
1000111
0101010
1101011
0010101
0101111
0101010
1101010
1101011
0101101
0101010
0111011
data architecture
primary
data layer
application
data layer
API / RSS
web scrape
entry form
sensors
json AJAX data
for each app
text feed for
tickertape
0010010
1010011
0100110
1110010
0010011
1010011
0100100
1110011

50. HCI trends
Open Data
Tiree an island community
Alan Walks Wales
Tiree Projects
Open Data redux
Open Data Islands and Communities

51. open data
not just about IP

52. open data
is only as open
as the means to use it

53. “I don’t know if any public sector
has necessarily cracked the nut on
attracting the right skills and capabilities,”
…
“The commercial sector has, because
they’ve got the dollars to spend.”
(Ian Bartram, Gartner)

54. how can small communities find,
access, and visualise, open data?

55. open data
is only as open
as the means to create it

56. small communities
subjects of digital data
but rarely producers

57. misinterprets you, if the statistics
average you to the mean, or clean
you away as an aberrant outlier,
then you have no presence in the
digital world.

58. invisible

59. HCI trends
Open Data
Tiree an island community
Alan Walks Wales
Tiree Projects
Open Data redux
Open Data Islands and Communities

60. open data
islands and communities

61. island data flows
Community
groups and individuals
rest of
the world
other
communities
1
2
3
4

62. island data flows
from community to world
Community
groups and individuals
rest of
the world
1
• visibility and
control
• identity and
empowerment
• level of detail
• local knowledge

63. island data flows
from world to community
Community
groups and individuals
rest of
the world
2 • making the most
of open data
• local decision
making
• lobbying and
negotiation

64. island data flows
within the community
Community
groups and individuals
3
• gossip is not enough!
• sparse, dispersed population
• social cohesion and economic benefits

65. island data flows
between communities
Community
groups and individuals
other
communities
4
• sharing best practice
• brand presence
• interlinked data

66. benefits to …
the community
empowerment and control
availability of information
communication within and between communities
the world
improved quality of data
level of detail of data
local knowledge and understanding

67. research challenges
multiple heterogeneous datasets
the long tail of small data
algorithmics of disconnection
end-user visualisation and data manipulation
community engagement

68. value in the interstices