1. Main Function:Main Function:
Detach Soil fromDetach Soil from
FabricFabric
Main Function:Main Function:
Detach Soil fromDetach Soil from
FabricFabric
DDetergents must be selectiveetergents must be selectiveDDetergents must be selectiveetergents must be selective
IID
Institute of
Innovative
Design
2. Detachment ForceDetachment Force
Must be GreaterMust be Greater
than the Bonding Forcethan the Bonding Force
Detachment ForceDetachment Force
Must be GreaterMust be Greater
than the Bonding Forcethan the Bonding Force
Main FunctionMain FunctionMain FunctionMain Function
IID
Institute of
Innovative
Design
9. AntiresorberAntiresorber
Harmful
functions
•Form compound with fabric that does not destroy in
rinsing
•Soil fabric (with time, in deposition)
To form hydrophylic surface on fabricTo form hydrophylic surface on fabric
IID
Institute of
Innovative
Design
10. BuildersBuildersBuildersBuilders
To soften fabric (prevent hydrogen bonds
from forming between fabric fibers in washing
and drying processes)
Harmful
functions
Soil fabric (with time, in deposition)
Suppress activity of Brightener
IID
Institute of
Innovative
Design
11. WaterWaterWaterWater
To dissolve detergent components
To transport surfactant molecules to “soil - water” interface
To wash soil away from fabric
To transport soil from machine
To remove surfactant from fabric
Remove dye from fabric
Add hardness ions into washing solution
Cause corrosion of steel parts of machine
Penetrate in fabric fibers in swelling
Form suds
Harmful
functions
IID
Institute of
Innovative
Design
12. Hardness ions (CaHardness ions (Ca2+2+
, Mg, Mg2+2+
))Hardness ions (CaHardness ions (Ca2+2+
, Mg, Mg2+2+
))
Ca2+ Mg2+
Harmful
functions
Form complexes with surfactant
Form compounds with fatty acids
Form compounds with central atoms
Deposit on clays
We are water’s
friends !
IID
Institute of
Innovative
Design
13. 1. The forceof actionof surfactanton soilhas longreachedits limit.
INTEGRAL DRAWBACKS OF DETERGENTSINTEGRAL DRAWBACKS OF DETERGENTS
IMPEDING THEIR FURTHER ADVANCEIMPEDING THEIR FURTHER ADVANCE
INTEGRAL DRAWBACKS OF DETERGENTSINTEGRAL DRAWBACKS OF DETERGENTS
IMPEDING THEIR FURTHER ADVANCEIMPEDING THEIR FURTHER ADVANCE
Why?
IID
Institute of
Innovative
Design
15. 2. Use of surfactants generates2. Use of surfactants generates
a need to use water as a solventa need to use water as a solvent
and necessitates subsequent rinsing andand necessitates subsequent rinsing and
drying for a long time,drying for a long time,
As a result the dies are washed out,As a result the dies are washed out,
fibers are damaged andfibers are damaged and
fabric is deformed.fabric is deformed.
IID
Institute of
Innovative
Design
16. Attempts to improve the effect of surfactantsAttempts to improve the effect of surfactants
(application of bleach, enzymes) have brought(application of bleach, enzymes) have brought
into being detergents of modern complicatedinto being detergents of modern complicated
formulations.formulations.
Each new component added slightly improved theEach new component added slightly improved the
main function, but at the same time brought aboutmain function, but at the same time brought about
new undesirable effects.new undesirable effects.
To suppress these effects new components wereTo suppress these effects new components were
added, and so on. Can this go on to infinity?added, and so on. Can this go on to infinity?
This makes sense until the
sum of positive properties
gained is larger than the sum
of payment- undesirable effects.
Current ratio is as follows:
positive functions - 28%,
negative - 55%, auxiliary - 17%
(these functions are
useless in washing)
IID
Institute of
Innovative
Design
17. Avenue to increase Main functionAvenue to increase Main function
Degree of
novelty
Principle
of solution
Result
Builders -
the same
Variation of
composition
of builders
New principles of
Washing/cleaning
To separate
contradictory
properties
In time and
space
To
eliminate
Sources of
harmful
functions
To enhance
useful
functions
of remaining
builders
To introduce
new
elements with
enlarged
useful
function
To introduce
new
elements with
enlarged
useful
function
Change physical-
chemical principle of
detachment of soil
separate feed of builders
under program
Replace
a part of
components
for new
Builders for new
solvents,
Physical fields
microbiology
NEW
PROCESSESIMPROVEMENT OF PROCESS
IID
Institute of
Innovative
Design
18. CONCLUSIONSCONCLUSIONSCONCLUSIONSCONCLUSIONS
1.1. Patent studies of the recent 25 yearsPatent studies of the recent 25 years
have demonstrated the field of detergentshave demonstrated the field of detergents
to have to parallel interrelated processes:to have to parallel interrelated processes:
• IncreasingIncreasing
number ofnumber of
patentedpatented
formulationsformulations
indicative of theindicative of the
aspiration ofaspiration of
manufacturersmanufacturers
to expandto expand
business, developbusiness, develop
new trade marks;new trade marks;
Decreasing functionalDecreasing functional
surplus in each newsurplus in each new
formulation as comparedformulation as compared
to the formulations of theto the formulations of the
70s;70s;
in recent 3-5 years thein recent 3-5 years the
formulations differ only informulations differ only in
names of substances,names of substances,
their functionaltheir functional
significance being almostsignificance being almost
identical.identical.
IID
Institute of
Innovative
Design
19. CONCLUSIONSCONCLUSIONSCONCLUSIONSCONCLUSIONS
Interrelation of these processes is obvious (TIPS
has found it in numerous engineering systems): the
less valuable is the heuristic solution obtained, the
higher is the wish to compensate the quality of
patents by their quantity. TIPS calls this period in
the life of a system “aging of the system”. This
suggests a necessity to pass over to fundamentally
novel solutions.
IID
Institute of
Innovative
Design
20. CONCLUSIONSCONCLUSIONSCONCLUSIONSCONCLUSIONS
2. Cooperation with washing machine manufacturers2. Cooperation with washing machine manufacturers
to increase the synergism of combined effect ofto increase the synergism of combined effect of
mechanical and chemical factors is not beneficial formechanical and chemical factors is not beneficial for
P&G - improved mechanical factor will have goodP&G - improved mechanical factor will have good
effect on every detergent.effect on every detergent.
Only a slight probability exists that the mechanical factorOnly a slight probability exists that the mechanical factor
can be changed so and such new components for detergentscan be changed so and such new components for detergents
can be added that their sum will bring forth a pronounced jumpcan be added that their sum will bring forth a pronounced jump
in synergism, In this case the changes in the washing machinein synergism, In this case the changes in the washing machine
must be determined by a certain “X” component that will needmust be determined by a certain “X” component that will need
a different method of activation to reveal its effect.a different method of activation to reveal its effect.
Thus, first it is necessary to find this
“X” component and next consider versions
of changes in mechanical activation.
IID
Institute of
Innovative
Design
21. CONCLUSIONSCONCLUSIONSCONCLUSIONSCONCLUSIONS
3. P&G is interested to3. P&G is interested to
manufacture a chemicalmanufacture a chemical
product for householdproduct for household
washing, so, major effortswashing, so, major efforts
should be focused to find newshould be focused to find new
detergent formulations.detergent formulations.
IID
Institute of
Innovative
Design
22. CONCLUSIONSCONCLUSIONSCONCLUSIONSCONCLUSIONS
4. A “fundamentally novel solution” for detergents means4. A “fundamentally novel solution” for detergents means
to abandon components that impair the processto abandon components that impair the process
(deteriorate other components, deteriorate fabric).(deteriorate other components, deteriorate fabric).
Components that perform correctiveComponents that perform corrective
and auxiliary functions have to be abandoned.and auxiliary functions have to be abandoned.
New components to make improveNew components to make improve
detachment of soil form fabric must be addeddetachment of soil form fabric must be added
IID
Institute of
Innovative
Design
23. CONCLUSIONSCONCLUSIONSCONCLUSIONSCONCLUSIONS
5. Preliminary5. Preliminary analysis demonstrates that:analysis demonstrates that:
A) Along with surfactants it is required to use other substances detaching soilA) Along with surfactants it is required to use other substances detaching soil
(e, g, triple systems “water-intermediate solvent-organic solvent”);(e, g, triple systems “water-intermediate solvent-organic solvent”);
B) Bleach as a substance devoid of selective action has to be excluded from theB) Bleach as a substance devoid of selective action has to be excluded from the
formulation or its action must be strictly selective;formulation or its action must be strictly selective;
C) Enzyme types must be more numerous to enlarge the range of their action onC) Enzyme types must be more numerous to enlarge the range of their action on
soil types, to meet economic requirements their effect must be strictly selective;soil types, to meet economic requirements their effect must be strictly selective;
D) The washing process must use little water with higher concentration of acting
components and shorter (to prevent fibers from swelling);
limit low-water process is to steam out the fabric components with previously
deposited on it (steam fed through a nozzle can be a source of ultra-mega-
hypersound, at this);
E) Movement of washing liquid through fabric must be unilateral to excludeE) Movement of washing liquid through fabric must be unilateral to exclude
recurrent deposition of soil (soil held by filter in the circulation loop).recurrent deposition of soil (soil held by filter in the circulation loop).
IID
Institute of
Innovative
Design
