2. Homework
• Read the Geofile and
revise for a mock on
Energy in two lessons time
3. Meeting Future Energy Needs requires
radical new approaches
• World population is growing exponentially.
• Traditionally low energy consumers are growing in their
appetites, e.g. Chindia.
• World’s primary energy needs set to grow by 55% by 2030.
• Electricity consumption expected to double over next few
decades.
• International Energy Agency (IEA) estimates that $22 trillion of
new investment needed by 2030.
• Global challenge of climate change – solutions to energy
needs should make this better NOT worse! (…… ……)
4. Increasing energy demand from emerging
economies
• India’s population is 1.2B
• China’s population is 1.4B
• 18.5 million new vehicles
were sold in China in 2011
• Higher levels of wealth will create
higher levels of consumerism and
consumption e.g. Tata Nano
5. Two ways of doing this
1. ‘Carrot and Stick’ measures – emission
controls, carbon trading and green taxation.
Aims to encourage a reduction in energy
consumption and increase energy efficiency.
2. Develop new and radical technologies that
are sustainable and bring energy security.
6. 1.Stick and Carrot Approaches
a. Emission controls - Kyoto protocol
• What do you remember of this agreement
from last year?
• 1997, international emission controls aimed at
reducing greenhouse gas emissions and
prevent rapid climate change.
• May 2008, 182 countries had given it consent.
• Brazil, China and India did sign up but USA
didn’t
7. 1.Stick and Carrot Approaches
b. Emissions trading
• Arrangement allowing countries that have made
greater reductions in their Kyoto carbon emissions to
sell their surplus savings to countries that are over
their targets.
• Carbon dioxide principle greenhouse gas the system is
often described as carbon trading.
• Carbon is now tacked and traded like any commodity
on the ‘carbon market’
• Allows energy efficient countries to sell off surplus but
allows less energy efficient countries off the hook.
8. 1.Stick and Carrot Approaches
c. Green taxes
Aim to cut use of natural resources and encourage
waste recycling. For example sliding scale for car tax,
more for bigger inefficient cars, less for modern
efficient cars.
Other ideas include removing stamp duty on sale of
carbon neutral homes, raising duty on petrol and
diesel as well as raising air passenger duty on flights.
10. Evaluate the three methods
• Which do you think is the most sustainable?
• What are the advantages or disadvantages?
11. 2. Radical new technologies
• These new technologies put sustainability at the
centre and this is the best way forward.
• Sustainability - ………………………………………………
...................................................................................
...................................................................................
...........................................................................
12. Managing the energy demand in
developed economies
• Theses new technologies all help to help meet
the 5 Energy R’s shown below.
• Portugal – what percentage of its electricity
comes from renewable power?
13. 2. Radical new technologies
a. Future cars
b. Carbon
storage
c. Geothermal
energy
d. Biofuels e. Offshore
wind turbines
Use p29-31 to help you
14. A. Future Cars
• Hydrogen cars? Here and here
• A car that runs on air? Here and an article
here
15. 2. Radical new technologies
a. Future cars
b. Carbon
storage
c. Geothermal
energy
d. Biofuels e. Offshore
wind turbines
Use p29-31 to help you
16. For each of the possible solutions
• e.g. wind turbines at sea.
One line to describe it
• e.g. Sea wind speeds normally double compared to on land
1 advantage
• Costs are 50% higher
1 disadvantage
• Big potential for future but problem of costs.
1 line sustainability conclusion
Use p29-31 to
help you
17. A. Wind turbines, a bit more …
• Floating wind turbines off Norway
– Read about it here
• Wind spires
– Watch the video here and here
18. For each of the possible solutions
• e.g. wind turbines at sea.
One line to describe it
• e.g. Sea wind speeds normally double compared to on land
1 advantage
• Costs are 50% higher
1 disadvantage
• Big potential for future but problem of costs.
1 line sustainability conclusion
Use p29-31 to
help you
