HAI are infections caused by a wide variety of common and unusual bacteria, fungi and viruses during the course of receiving medical care. HAI not present at time of admission HAI can be diagnosed 48-72 hours after admission Causative Infectious Agents: Exogenous Agents Endogenous Agents

1. Prepared by:
Dr/AHMED BESHIR
Pulmonologist
DTQM (AUC)
CPHQ
IPC DIRECTOR

3.  are infections caused by a wide variety of
common and unusual bacteria, fungi and
viruses during the course of receiving medical
care.
 HAI not present at time of admission
 HAI can be diagnosed 48-72 hours after admission
 Causative Infectious Agents:
A. Exogenous Agents
B. Endogenous Agents

5.  Central Line Associated Blood Stream
Infection (CLABSI)
 Catheter Associated Urinary Tract
Infection (CAUTI)
 Surgical site Infection (SSI)
 Ventilator Associated Pneumonia
(VAP)

6.  occurs when germs enter the bloodstream through a
central line.
 the most deadly and costly hospital-associated
infections around the world.

8. 1. Hand hygiene
2. Maximal barrier precautions
3. Chlorhexidine skin antisepsis
4. Optimal catheter site selection, with
subclavian vein as the preferred site for non
tunneled catheters in adults
5. Daily review of line necessity with prompt
removal of unnecessary lines
6. Line secure and dressing clean and intact

10.  occurs because urethral catheters inoculate organisms
into the bladder and promote colonization by
providing a surface for bacterial adhesion and causing
mucosal irritation.

12. 1. Aseptic insertion and proper maintenance
2. Bladder ultrasound may avoid catheter
insertion
3. Condom or intermittent catheterization in
appropriate patients
4. Do not insert catheter unless necessary
5. Early removal of catheters using reminders or
stop orders

14.  is an infection that occurs after surgery in the part of
the body where the surgery took place.
 It occurs when micro-organisms enter the body via a
surgical incision.
 Diagnosed as SSI within 30 days of the operation

16. 1. Appropriate use of Antibiotics
2. Appropriate hair removal
3. Post-operative glucose control (major cardiac surgery
patients)
4. Post-operative normothermia (colorectal surgery
patients)

19.  is a lung infection that develops on a person who is on
a ventilator.
 It is a sub-type of hospital-acquired
pneumonia (HAP) which occurs in people who are
receiving mechanical
ventilation

21. 1. Sedation to be reviewed and, if appropriate,
stopped each day
2. All patients will be assessed for weaning and
extubation each day
3. Avoid the supine position, aiming to have the
patient at least 30o head up
4. Use chlorhexidine as part of daily mouth care
5. Use subglottic secretion drainage in patients
likely to be ventilated for more than 48 hours.