Gestalt principles describe how humans naturally perceive visual elements as organized patterns and relationships rather than as independent items. Specifically, the principles of proximity, similarity, good continuation, and closure explain how close or similar objects are grouped together and incomplete images can still be understood based on implied connections. The law of prägnanz also notes our tendency to see a single clear image instead of multiple potential interpretations.

1. Gestalt By: Courtney Colinger and Caleb Checksfield