esl materials

1. SENTENCE
TYPES

2. CLAUSE = SUBJECT + VERB

3. INDEPENDENT CLAUSE:
→COMPLETE IDEA
→COMPLETE SENTENCE

4. John smiled.
We didn't wash the dishes.
They always win the first prize.

5. DEPENDENT CLAUSE
= NOT A COMPLETE IDEA

6. after they left
where the rich people live
If John could sing
that we need more time

7. SIMPLE SENTENCE:
→one complete idea
→can have a compound subject:
Bob and his parents decided to stay.
→can have two verbs:
She usually runs or swims in the evening.

8. COMPOUND SENTENCE:
→two (or more) simple sentences
→connected with FANBOYS
→each is a complete idea

9. COMPOUND SENTENCE:
Bob and his parents decided to stay,
but we went home.
She usually runs in the evening,
yet he didn't see her at the park that night.

11. COMPOUND SENTENCE:
Bob and his parents decided to stay,
but we went home.
She usually runs in the evening,
yet he didn't see her at the park that night.
COMMA

12. COMPOUND SENTENCE:
Bob and his parents decided to stay,
but we went home.
She usually runs in the evening,
yet he didn't see her at the park that night.
FANBOY CONJUNCTION
COMMA

13. COMPLEX SENTENCE:
→a simple sentence + dependent clause
→dependent clause gives additional
information about S, V, or O

14. COMPLEX SENTENCE:
Bob and his parents decided to stay
because the evening traffic was terrible.
She usually runs in the evening,
unless it's raining.

15. COMPLEX SENTENCE:
Bob and his parents decided to stay
because the evening traffic was terrible.
She usually runs in the evening,
unless it's raining.
SUBORDINATING
CONJUNCTIONS

16. ADVERBIAL CLAUSES:
→answer: why? how? where? when?
→start with a subordinating conjunction

18. ADVERBIAL CLAUSES:
Before we read the article, we didn't know
what happened at the factory.

19. RELATIVE CLAUSES:
→answer: which? how many? what kind?
→describe the subject /object
→start with:
who, whom, whose, which, that,
where, when, why

20. RELATIVE CLAUSES:
The man whom we saw with her
is a well-known businessman.

21. NOUN CLAUSES:
→answer: what?
→take the place of subject/object

22. NOUN CLAUSES:
What he said is not important.
They didn't know that he made a mistake.

23. COMPLEX-COMPOUND
SENTENCE:
→a compound sentence with at least
one dependent clause

24. 1. Vampires Dairies is my favorite television show, but I also love True Blood.
2. The student wiped the white board that was filthy with last week’s notes.
3. The trendy fashion designer released her new line on Wednesday
.
4. Trina and Hareem went to a bar in Hollywood to celebrate their anniversary.
5. Wicked Regina cast a spell on the entire city, so the citizens decided to rebel.
6. While waiting for the paint to dry, Angela went to Home Depot, and Martin organized the kitchen
appliances.
7. After listening to the Kanye West CD, I have new respect for his music.
8. After the teacher chose groups, John and Sara were selected as partners for a project, yet Sarah
did most of the work.