This slides explain various methods of contraception and family counselling in terms of choosing the best method in planning their family

1. planning
a community medicine presentation MOHD AFIQI FIKRI
BATCH 31
GROUP G1

2. DEFINITION | SCOPE | HEALTH
ASPECT
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3. Family planning
the practice of controlling the
number of children in a family and
the intervals between their births,
particularly by means of artificial
contraception or voluntary
sterilization.
definition
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4. 7. Premarital consultation and
examination,
8. Carrying out pregnancy tests,
9. Marriage counseling,
10. The preparation of couples for
the arrival of their child,
11. Providing services for
unmarried mothers,
12. Teaching home economics
and nutrition,
13. Providing adoption services
SCOPE
1. The proper spacing and
limitation of births.
2. Advice on sterility,
3. Education for parenthood.
4. Sex education,
5. Screening for pathological
conditions related
reproductive system,
6. Genetic counseling.
SCOPE OF FAMILY PLANNING
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5. HEALTH
ASPECT• Maternal mortality, morbidity of women of
child bearing age, nutritional status
(weight changes,haemoglobin level, etc.)
preventable complications of pregnancy
and abortion.
WOMEN'S HEALTH
• Foetal mortality (early and late foetal
death);abnormal development.
FOETAL HEALTH
• Neonatal, infant and pre- school mortality
• Health of the infant at birth (birth weight),
• Vulnerability to diseases.
INFANT AND CHILD
HEALTH
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6. 6
FAMILY PLANN
COUNSELLING

7. General counselling
The first contact usually involves counselling on general issues to address the
client’s needs and concerns. You will also give general information about
methods, and clear up any mistaken beliefs or myths about specific family
planning methods.
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8. ELIGIBLE
COUPLES
Features
These couples are in need of family planning services. The eligible
couple register is a basic document for organizing family planning
work.
I. A currently married couple wherein
the wife is in the reproductive age,
which is generally assumed to lie
between the ages of 15 - 45.
II. There will be at least 150 to 180 such
couples per 1000 population in India.
III. 20 % of eligible couples - age group
15- 24 yrs
IV. On an average 2.5 million couples are
joining the reproductive age group
every year.
V. The "Eligible Couple Register“ is a
basic document for organizing family
planning work.
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9. TARGET COUPLESFeatures
I. Couples who have had 2-3 living
children, and family planning was
largely directed to such couples.
II. The definition of a target couple has
been gradually enlarged to include
families with one child or even newly
married couples with a view to
develop acceptance of the idea of
family planning from the earliest
possible stage.
III. In effect, the term target couple has
lost its original meaning.
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10. Couple protection rate
Features
I. Couple protection rate (CPR) is an
indicator of the prevalence of
contraceptive practice in the
community.
II. It is defined as the percent of eligible
couples effectively protected against
childbirth by one or the other
approved methods of family planning,
viz sterilization, IUD, condom or oral
pills.
III. Sterilization accounts for over 60
percent of effectively protected
couples.
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11. Method-specific counselling— the BRAIDED approach
Return/follow-up counselling
B — Benefits of the method
R — Risks of the method, including consequences of method failure
A — Alternatives to the method (including abstinence and no method)
I — Inquiries about the method (individual’s right and responsibility to ask)
D — Decision to withdraw from using the method, without penalty
E — Explanation of the method chosen
D — Documentation of the session for your own records
counselling should always be arranged. The main aim of follow-up counselling
is to discuss and manage any problems and side effects related to the given
contraceptive method.
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12. the GATHER approach
G — Greet the client respectfully.
A — Ask them about their family planning needs.
T — Tell them about different contraceptive options and methods.
H — Help them to make decisions about choices of methods.
E — Explain and demonstrate how to use the methods.
R — Return/refer; schedule and carry out a return visit and follow up.
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13. cafeteria choiceAnother counselling approach
The present approach in family planning programs is to provide a "cafeteria
choice" that is to offer all methods from which an individual can choose
according to his needs and wishes and to promote family planning as a way of
life.

14. rEFERENCES• www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/mm4847a1.htm
• WHO Family Planning: A Global Handbook for Providers
• WHO reproductive health publications – family planning
• Slideshare – Family Planning by Dr Venu.
Thank You!
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