1. EDUCATION IN THE POST INDEPENDENT
INDIA
(An over view)
The history of education in India took a significant turn after
independence. Education was given an important priority by the
Government of India. The stress was on Indianisation of education and
on making it more purposeful and dynamic. Today, education has
undergone multifaced growth and progress. We achieved this by adopting
the recommendation of various commissions as well as by the
implementing sound policies. An overview of the recommendations of
these commissions reveals the education in Independent India.
* The main developments in education included the creation of a
Ministry of Education and Scientific Research and the appointment
of University Education Commission under the chairmanship of
Dr. Radhakrishnan in 1948 and the publication of its report in the
following year. This was the first University Commission in
independent India. It made recommendations helpful to harmonize
the oriental and occidental cultures. Boldly highlighted some of the
serious defects of the University Education in India.
* In September 1952, the government of India appointed the
2. Secondary Education Commission under the chairmanship of Dr.
Lekshmana Swami Mudaliar. The commission submitted its report
in June, 1953. The commission boldly condemned bookish
knowledge and emphasized the importance of development of
leadership qualities and formation of character to cater to the needs
of democracy. The guidance and counseling programme in schools
recommended by the Commission was an innovative programme.
* In 1964, the Government of India appointed the Indian Education
commission under the chairmanship of Dr. D.S.Kothari. The
commission studied the problems pertaining to different aspects of
Indian education and submitted its report in June, 1966. The report
was a masterly piece of work on all aspects of Indian education.
The commission recommended reasonable and respectable scales
of pay to all categories of teachers subject to revision.
* As a significant step in the history of education after independence,
the Government of India announced the National policy on
Education in 1968. The policy stressed the need for a radical
reconstruction of the education system in the country.
* A new National policy on Education (NPE) was formulated and
got approved by the Parliament in May, 1986. A progamme of
action (POA) was also chalked out for the implementation of the
new policy. The policy stipulated a new scheme known as
Operation Blackboard ment for the qualitative improvement of
