The document summarizes several studies on simulating friction stir welding and processing using meshfree methods like smoothed particle hydrodynamics (SPH). It discusses how Pan et al. used SPH to model each particle as a representative volume element and coupled it with crystal plasticity modeling. It also summarizes studies by Ansari et al. on modeling the plunging phase and how rotational speed affects stresses and strains, and Xiao et al.'s modified SPH model to simulate heat transfer. Material models used for aluminum alloys in the simulations are also outlined.

1. The Meshfree Simulation of Friction Stir
Welding/Processing
Part4

2. • Pan et al. (2013) considered each SPH particle to represent a polycrystalline
representative volume element (RVE), and we assume a weak coupling between the SPH
simulations and crystal plasticity modeling.
• Particle velocities obtained from the SPH solution at each time step are used to calculate
the plastic velocity gradient for the polycrystalline deformation behavior. Texture
evolution is then computed using crystal plasticity modeling
Conti..
TMAZ particle pole Fig.
W. Pan et al. / International
Journal of Plasticity 48 (2013)
Simulation of texture evolution

3. Literature
 Ansari et al. (2019) studied the plunging phase friction stir welding of Al 6082 alloy using
SPH modeling with different rotational speed and plunging phase and studied the stress
and strain distribution near tool pin
 The force and tarque from simulation were compared with experimental and the results
were in close agreement.
 They studied the effect of tool rotational speed on the force field, stress, and equivalent
plastic strain at different tool depth in the plunging stage.
 Increasing the plunge depth, the stress, strain, and force field is increased.
 Furthermore, increasing rotational speed from 600 to 1200 rpm, stress, and equivalent
plastic strain increased by about 3% and 19%, respectively, while the force decreased by
22%.

4. Xiao et al. (2016) studied the heat transfer during friction stir welding using a
modified SPH model
heat source model based on sticking friction is implemented to describe the heat
generation of FSW

5. Simulation of FSP
Tool
Backing Plate
Locking Strips
A, B, n, C and m are the five material constants
JC
Parameter
A (MPa) B (MPa) C n m
324 114 0.002 0.42 1.34
Shear Modulus
(GPa)
Density (Kg/m3)
(Al-6061T6)
Cut-off Pressure
(MPa)
27.6 2700 1200
Johnson-Cook material model
Constitutive Equation Al Plate
Gruneisen EOS Units
0 2700 Kg/m3
C 5328 m/s
0 1.97 -
S1 1.4 -
a 0.48 -
Al-6061T6 Thermal Parameters
Cv k
Values 875 175
Units J/KgK W/mK