HEALTH & HYGIENE

1. HEALTH & HYGIENE
MS. SUDHA GAUTAM
M.SC. (N) OBS & GYNEC.
ASSOCIATE PROFESSOR

2. HEALTH DEFINITION
• As defined by WHO – Health is a state of complete physical, mental and social well-
being and not merely the absence of disease or infirmity.
• Health is a dynamic condition resulting from a body’s constant adjustment and
adaptation in response to stresses and changes in the environment for maintaining an
inner equilibrium called hemostasis.

3. IMPORTANCE OF HEALTH

4. IMPORTANT DIMENSIONS OF HEALTH
PHYSICAL
HEALTH
MENTAL HEALTH
SOCIAL
HEALTH

5. SIGNS OF PHYSICAL HEALTH
• Energetic and Alert
• Weight in proportion to the height and age
• Health is exhibited in skin, nails, hairs and eyes.
• All organs function properly
• Fall sick less often
• Odourless breath
• Good appetite
• Sound sleep

6. SIGNS OF MENTAL HEALTH
• Control over emotions
• Balanced feelings, desires, ambitions and ideas.
• Able to face realities of life and accept them
• Confident
• Can cope with normal stress of life
• Can cope with conflict and disagreement
• Sensitivity towards needs of others
• Able to give and seek help when needed.

7. SIGNS OF SOCIAL HEALTH
• Have positive attitude towards life
• Get along well with others
• Have a pleasant personality
• Fulfill duties and responsibilities towards others.
• Have healthy interpersonal relationships.
• Able to express disagreement positively.

8. HYGIENE
• The various practises that help in maintaining health constitute hygiene.
• Derived from the word “ HYGEIA” – Goddess of health.
• Adopting hygienic practises and promoting hygiene in the Community, Institutions
and workplace prevents spread of many diseases.
• Hygiene deals with both PERSONAL as well as COMMUNITY HEALTH.

9. PERSONAL HEALTH
• Taking care of oneself to remain healthy and free from diseases constitute personal
health.
• Different aspects of health are –
A) BALANCED DIET -
CARBOHYDRATE
S
MINERALS
VITAMIN
S
FATS PROTEI
NS
WATER

10. B) PERSONAL HYGIENE
Regular Toilet Habits
Washing hands before eating
Bathing regularly and wearing clean clothes
Cleaning the teeth
Washing – hair, eyes, nails, ears

11. c) DOMESTIC HYGIENE
Dust, clean and mop houses to keep clean from dirt, flies and germs.
Disposal of garbage in the allotted bins to ensure clean surroundings and
prevent breeding of disease
causing organisms.
Used sanitary napkins need to be wrapped and put in garbage bins.
All utensils and necessary things in use should be kept clean.

13. d) CLEAN FOOD & WATER
 Wash hands thoroughly after defecation and
every time before having food.
 Wash fruits and vegetables with clean water
to make them germ free.
 Water used for drinking, cooking bathing and
washing utensils should be from a clean
source such as taps, hand pumps and covered
wells set up by corporations/ panchayats.
 Consume freshly cooked foods, avoid junk
 Keep food items covered and free from
flies, insects.

14. e) COOKING WITH CARE
f) EXERCISE
1. While cooking food, it is essential to heat it to a temperature so that the germs get
killed.
2. Food should be prepared in a clean kitchen
1. Physical exercises, outdoor games, yoga and regular walking keeps the heart and
circulatory system in good condition.
2. Keeps the skeletal system in healthy condition.

15. COMMUNITY HEALTH
• It is the practise of preventing disease and promoting health of a population
through the organized efforts of society, public and private organizations,
communities and individuals.
• Therefore, various activities and programs undertaken by the govt. and local
organizations to maintain health of the people and keep them free from disease.
1. Maintain cleanliness of the villages, towns, cities and localities through proper
garbage disposal.
2. ensure that the prescribed standards in food stores, meat and milk outlets are
strictly followed.

16. 3. Organize health promotion and disease prevention including:
 Immunization Programs
 Awareness Programs for disease spread of national concerns.
 Organize mid day meals in schools to provide adequate nourishment to growing
children.
 Set up hospitals and dispensaries to provide medical facilities to general public
either free of cost or at affordable subsidized rates.

17. THANK YOU