This document discusses applications of nanotechnology in medicine. It describes how nanotechnology involves manipulating materials at the nanoscale of 1 to 100 nm. At this scale, materials demonstrate new properties and nanotechnology may create new devices. The document focuses on nanomedicine, which uses nanotechnology for medical purposes like repairing tissues, targeted drug delivery, cancer treatment, and more accurate surgery. It provides examples of how nanoparticles can be used for photodynamic therapy, drug delivery, cancer detection from blood, and welding arteries during transplants.
2. Nanotechnology
Nano is 1×10−9 m.
Nanotechnology deals with structures
with a size range of 1 to 100 nm.
It`s based upon molecular self-
assembly
4. Nanotechnology
AT the nano level materials begin to
demonstrate entirely new chemical
and physical properties.
Materials can be stronger, lighter and
highly soluble , reducing of melting
point ……
7. Nanomedicine
•It is the medical application of
nanotechnology.
•It`s defined as the repair,
construction and control of human
biological systems using devices
built upon nanotechnology
standards.
9. Nanomedicine
That will allow
doctors to
approach the
human body at the
cellular and
molecular levels.
Interventions such
as repairing
damaged tissues
(bone, muscle,
nerve) will be
possible.
10. Nanomedicine
Nanomedicine is a huge industry.
Sales reached 6.8 billion dollars in
2004. USA and European Union are
investing billions of dollars and plan
to invest more in the future.
12. Nanopharmacy
It can help in increasing the
bioavailability of the drug and
biodistributions .
So it will reduce side effects .
It can icrease the solubility of the
drug.
15. Nanopharmacy
the biodistribution of these
nanoparticles is mostly unknown due
to the difficulty in targeting specific
organs in the body.
In mice, gold selectively targeted
certain organs based on their size and
charge.
16. Nanopharmacy
Positively-charged gold nanoparticles were
found to enter the kidneys .
negatively-charged gold nanoparticles
remained in the liver and spleen.
The nanoshells can be targeted to bond to
cancerous cells by conjugating antibodies
or peptides to the nanoshell surface.
17. Nanomedicine and cancer
By irradiating the area of the tumor
with an infrared laser, which passes
through flesh without heating it, the
gold is heated sufficiently to cause
death to the cancer cells.
18. photodynamic therapy
If the particle is metal, energy from
the Light may also be used to
produce high energy ,oxygen
molecules which will chemically react
with and destroy most organic
molecules that are next to them (like
tumors).
20. Surgery
This could solve the difficulties and
blood leaks caused when the surgeon
tries to re-stitch the arteries that
have been cut during a kidney or
heart transplant. The flesh welder
could weld the artery perfectly
21. Surgery
Nanoparticles of cadmium selenide
(quantum dots) glow when exposed
to ultraviolet light. When injected,
they seep into cancer tumors. The
surgeon can see the glowing tumor,
and use it as a guide for more
accurate tumor removal.
24. Sensor test chips containing
thousands of nanowires, able to
detect proteins and other biomarkers
left behind by cancer cells, could
enable the detection and diagnosis of
cancer in the early stages from a few
drops of a patient's blood.
