Speech Disorders

1. Speech Problems
By: Zev Dweck

2. Stuttering
• When a person stutters they talk with a continued involuntary
repetition of sounds, especially initial consonants. 60% percent is
caused by genetics. People who stutter process language in different
areas of their brain. Stuttering may be sporadic. Can be followed by
hand gestures or body movement. An example of stuttering would be
I www went to theee store, and gottt a drinkkkk. It is unknown why
people stutter.

3. Lisps
• Pronouncing “s” and “z” like “th” in think and this. It is caused by not
being corrected and it becomes a habit to say words incorrectly. There
are two types of lisps. Lateral lisp comes out when people produce “s”
and “z” sounds with air escaping over the sides of the tongue such as, “I
went down to the sea shore and got some shells.” Palatal lisp occurs
when as a person attempts to the sounds with the tongue in contact with
the palate such as “the sparrow.” It is normal for kids to have a lisp until
the age of about 4 1/2. It is unknown why people develop a lisp. It can be
treated with motivated children and adults.

4. Articulation Disorder
Speech sound disorders include problems with
articulation (making sounds) and sound patterns.
An articulation disorder involves problems
making sounds which can be substituted, left off,
added or changed. Young children often make
speech errors like making a “w” sound for an “r”
such as “wabbit" for “rabbit”, or children may
leave sounds out of words such as using “nana”
for “banana”. It can be fixed at young age if you
are committed to helping your child and
correcting them.

5. Speech Pathologist
• A speech-language pathologist (SLP) is one who
evaluates children or adults with speech and language
difficulties They may use several analytical measures like
articulation tests, recording sound errors, an oral
mechanism examination which is done to determine
whether the muscles of the mouth are working correctly
A speech language pathologist is a trained
diagnostician who uses multiple measures to analyze the
disorder and then works closely with the willing person
to correct the speech disorder. They are highly
recommended for people with any type of speech
disorder.