Introduction: LOCATION: The tarbela dam is located on the Indus river, Sawabi, district Haripur, Khyber pakhtunkhwa (KPK). It has a volume of 1386×〖10〗^5 cubic yards or 106×〖10〗^6 𝑚^3. Tarbela dam is the biggest hydro-power plant in Pakistan. This dam is about 469 feet (143m) high and 8,997 feet (2,743m) wide at its crest. Purpose of making the tarbela dam: It was designed to utilize water from the Indus river for irrigation , flood control, and to generate the hydro electric power. By storing flows during the monsoon period. The stored water released during the low flow period in winter. 2. CONSTRUCTION: Tarbela dam is the biggest hydro-power plant in Pakistan. The tarbela dam was built between 1968-1976 (it constructed began in 1968 and opening in 1976). The construction was undertaken by Italian firm salini empregilo. An estimate cost of the project was $800million. The project was fully completed in 1984, at a cost of $1.497billion. The project was built on the tarbela dam’s tunnel number 4. it is compromised of 3-turbine generators, each with 470MW capacity. Type of turbine: Francis turbine is used in the tarbela dam for generating the electricity. Main purpose of Francis turbine: It is most commonly used turbine in hydro-power plant for electricity generation. It is the most efficient turbine these days, so it can be used for different purposes for power generation by using hydraulic energy of water. Water capacity: With a total capacity of reservoir is 11.098×〖10〗^6 cubic feet or 13.69×〖10〗^9 𝑚^3. Tarbela reservoir: The length of the Tarbela Reservoir is 80.5 km and has a surface area of two-hundred and fifty km2. Initially, this reservoir stored 14.3 km3 water, having a current storage capacity of 12.0 km3, but this capacity has been decreased to 8.4 km3 due to silting over thirty-five years of functioning. Installed capacity: The installed capacity of the tarbela hydropower plant is 4888MW. The tarbela hydropower plant was originally brought into operation with 700MW capacity in 1980. (in first phase) In second and third phases of expansion added 2778MW, bringing the total installed capacity of the plant to 3478MW in 1992. The fourth phase f expansion will become fully operational by the end of 2018 adding 1410MW capacity. Units: The total number of units in tarbela hydro-power plant is 14. CONRUCTION OF TUNNELS: Five wide tunnels were built as part of the gatehouse work of the Tarbela Dam. The main powerhouse on the dam houses has been equipped with 14 generators that produce large amounts of electricity with the help of fast-flowing water from the three out of five tunnels of the dam. Hydroelectricity is produced by turbines in tunnel one through tunnel three, while tunnels four and five were constructed for irrigation purposes. Annual capacity: This system is supposed to supply 3.84billion units of electricity each year. The annual energy generation is 1800GWh and annual capacity factor is about 15% .

2. QUAID-E-AWAM UNIVERSITY OF ENGINEERING, SCIENCE AND
TECHNOLOGY NAWABSHAH
DEPARTMENT OF MECHANICAL ENGINEERING
TOPIC: TARBELA DAM
Supervisor: SIR ENG: QAMAR ABBAS KAZI
Group no:01
S.NO: NAME ROLL NUMBER STATUS
1 ZESHAN ALI F18ME02 Group Leader
2 WAQAR IMDAD F18ME62 Assistant G.L
3 MAJID ALI F18ME22 Member
4 ALI NAWAZ F18ME68 Member
5 MANZOOR AHMED F18ME71 Member

3. Content
• Introduction
(location, construction)
• Type of turbine
• Tarbela reservoir
• Water capacity, Installed capacity,
• Units
(construction of tunnels),
• Annual capacity, Electricity generation, Rate capacity

5. TARBELA DAM
Introduction:
1. LOCATION:
The tarbela dam is located on the Indus river,
Sawabi, district Haripur, Khyber pakhtunkhwa
(KPK).
It has a volume of 1386× 105 cubic yards
or 106× 106
𝑚3
.
Tarbela dam is the biggest hydro-power plant
in Pakistan.
This dam is about 469 feet (143m) high and
8,997 feet (2,743m) wide at its crest.

6.  Purpose of making the tarbela dam:
It was designed to utilize water from the Indus river for irrigation ,
flood control, and to generate the hydro electric power
By storing flows during the monsoon period
The stored water released during the low flow period in winter

7. 2. CONSTRUCTION:
Tarbela dam is the biggest hydro-power plant in Pakistan.
The tarbela dam was built between 1968-1976 (it constructed began
in 1968 and opening in 1976).
The construction was undertaken by Italian firm salini empregilo.
An estimate cost of the project was $800million.
The project was fully completed in 1984, at a cost of $1.497billion.
The project was built on the tarbela dam’s tunnel number 4. it is
compromised of 3-turbine generators, each with 470MW capacity.

8.  Type of turbine
Francis turbine is used in the tarbela dam for generating the
electricity.

10. Main purpose of Francis turbine:
It is most commonly used turbine in hydro-power plant for electricity generation.
It is the most efficient turbine these days, so it can be used for different purposes
for power generation by using hydraulic energy of water.

11. Water capacity:
With a total capacity of reservoir is 11.098× 106
cubic feet
or 13.69× 109
𝑚3
.
 Tarbela reservoir:
The length of the Tarbela Reservoir is 80.5 km and has a surface area of two-
hundred and fifty km2.
 Initially, this reservoir stored 14.3 km3 water, having a current storage capacity of
12.0 km3, but this capacity has been decreased to 8.4 km3 due to silting over
thirty-five years of functioning

12. Installed capacity:
The installed capacity of the tarbela hydropower plant is 4888MW.
The tarbela hydropower plant was originally brought into operation with
700MW capacity in 1980. (in first phase)
In second and third phases of expansion added 2778MW, bringing the total
installed capacity of the plant to 3478MW in 1992.
The fourth phase f expansion will become fully operational by the end of
2018 adding 1410MW capacity.

13. Units:
The total number of units in tarbela hydro-power plant is 14.
Number of
Units
14
Unit (1-10) 175MW Each (175x10 = 1750MW)
Unit (11-14) 175MW Each (175x4 = 700MW)
which is completed in 1997

14.  CONRUCTION OF TUNNELS:
Five wide tunnels were built as part of the gatehouse work of the Tarbela
Dam.
The main powerhouse on the dam houses has been equipped with 14
generators that produce large amounts of electricity with the help of fast-
flowing water from the three out of five tunnels of the dam.
Hydroelectricity is produced by turbines in tunnel one through tunnel three,
while tunnels four and five were constructed for irrigation purposes.
Number of tunnels 3
Tunnel-1 4 units of 175MW Each
(completed in 1977)
Tunnel-2 6 units of 175MW Each
(completed in 1985)
Tunnel-2 4 units of 175MW Each
(completed in 1993)

15. Inside view of the
power station

16. Annual capacity:
This system is supposed to supply 3.84billion units of electricity each year.
The annual energy generation is 1800GWh and annual capacity factor is about
15% .
Electricity Generation:
The currently electricity generation capacity by the Tarbela dam is 16430GWh.
Rate of discharge capacity:
 In the rate capacity of annually over 70% of water discharged at tarbela passes
over the spillways and used for hydropower generation.