Prepared and presented by Imran Khan

1. Active English
Diploma Engineering Sem I
English (3300002)
GRAMMAR
Prepared by
I M KHAN
(Asst. Prof. in English)
1

2. What is Article?
Article can be taken as one of the ‘Determiners’ or
a subclass of the Determiners which determines
noun. They are also known as Demonstrative
Adjectives.
It is often taken to be a separate part of speech also.
2

3. Kinds of Articles
In English language, there are total three articles. (A, An
and The). These three articles are divided into two
types.
1. Definite: The (is used to refer any particular person,
place or thing.)
2. Indefinite: A & An (does not refer particular noun)
3

4. Definite article ‘The’
• Out of the three articles (a, an and the), we have
only one definite article that is ‘The’
• It is called definite article because, it shows
definiteness.
• There are definite rules and situations to use this
definite article. We need to understand these
rules to minimize our errors while speaking or
writing English.
4

5. Unique things
5
Ex.
The moon
The sun
The stars
The earth
The universe

6. Particular persons or things
Ex.
The man whom you met yesterday is my uncle.
The lady you saw at the theatre is my wife.
The bungalow you like is already sold.
The girl in a read sari is my sister.
6

7. Names of rivers
Ex.
The Ganga
The Yamuna
The Kaveri
The Nile
The Thames
7

8. Holy books
Ex.
The Quran
The Bible
The Vedas
The Geeta
8

9. Epics
Ex.
The Ramayana
The Mahabharata
The Illiad
The Odyssey
But when the authors of
these books are
mentioned, they do not
take article The
Ex.
Homer’s Odyssey
9

10. Seas
Ex.
The Arabian Sea
The Caspian Sea
The Dead Sea
10

11. Oceans
Ex.
The Indian Ocean
The Atlantic Ocean
The Pacific Ocean
11

12. Mountain ranges
Ex.
The Himalayas
The Alps
The Andes
The Arvallies
NOTE: No articles is ever used with mountain
peaks like Mt Abu, Mt Avrest etc…)
12

13. Deserts
Ex.
The Sahara desert
The Kachch Ran
The Arabian Desert
The Black Rock Desert
13

14. Island
Ex.
The Andaman Nicobar
Butcher Island (Mumbai)
Cross Island
Elephanta Island
Barren Island
Sentinel Islands
The West Indies
14

15. News Paper
Ex.
The Times of India
The Sandesh
The Gujarat Samachar
The Indian Express
The Divyabhaskar
15

16. Famous Buildings
Ex.
The LIC building
The Effiel Tower
The Qutub Minar
The Red Fort
16

17. Wonders of the world
17
Ex.
The Taj Mahal
The Pyramids
The Great Wall of China

18. Banks
Ex.
The Bank of India
The State Bank of India
The Bank of Baroda
The Union Bank
The ICICI Bank
The HDFC Bank
18

19. Musical Instrument
The flute
The tabla
The sitar
The piano
The guitar
The drum
The violin
19

20. Directions
Ex.
The north
The east
The south
The west
20

21. Trains, Ships & Aero planes
Ex.
The Titanic
The Vikrant
The Viraj
The Kashmir Mail
The Indian Airlines
The Victoria
21

22. Famous historical events
Ex.
The Republic Day
The Renaissance
The Independence Day
The Reformation
The Industrial Revolution
22

23. Nationalities, sects & communities
Ex.
The French
The Indians
The Sikhs
The British
The Hindus
The Muslims
23

24. Person or things mentioned for the
second time
Ex.
I met a girl. The girl was very beautiful.
(the girl whom I met)
She saw a doctor. The doctor was very clever.
(the doctor whom she saw)
24

25. Singular noun repressing the whole
class
Ex.
The dog is a faithful animal. (all dogs or any dog)
The rose is a beautiful flower. (all roses or any
rose)
The horse runs fast. (all horses or any horse)
25

26. Adjectives used as nouns
Ex.
The rich (people) and the poor (people) are the
different sections in society.
The old (persons) disagree with the young
(persons)
26

27. Double Comparatives
Ex.
The more I read, the more I understand.
The faster you run, the sooner you reach.
The more you earn, the more you spend.
27

28. Common nouns used as abstract
nouns
Ex.
The poet in me raised the voice against injustice.
The mother in her took pity on the child.
The Indian in me did not let me do that.
28

29. Before the ordinal numbers
Ex.
The first
The second
The third
The last
The next
29

30. Force of superlative degree
Ex.
He is the maker of India.
This is the place I met her.
This is the book I was looking for.
30

31. When abstract noun is
particularized
Ex.
The honesty he showed was praiseworthy.
The love a soldier has for his Nation is
unparalleled.
31