The document provides information about several buildings analyzed by different student groups for a school project. It lists the buildings studied by each group, the group members, and brief descriptions of Stadium Negara from 1957. The stadium was one of Malaysia's first major buildings and has undergone renovations. Diagrams and photographs of the stadium are also included to analyze its design elements.

1. North East Kuala Lumpur
Architecture Culture & History II (ARC 60203)
Project 1: Timeline and Diagram Analysis
Group A Group B Group C
Buildings:
Members:
Wisma Tabung Haji (1984)
Putra World Trade Centre (1985)
Wisma Tun Sambanthan (1989)
National Visual Arts Gallery (2000)
Teoh Jun Xiang (0322099)
Teoh Zhe Khai (0322905)
Theresa Thia Ai Min (0323170)
Thomas Ting Shii Kai (0323962)
Tung Siew Hui (0323823)
Muhammad Izzat Asyraf b. Hassan
(1007P10900)
Perpustakaan Negara (1966)
Istana Budaya (1999)
Matrade (2007)
Vun Tze Lin (0323301)
Wee Sue Wen (0322633)
Wong Cho Mun (0322723)
Wong Mei Xin (0323824)
Wong Yun Teng (0323454)
Oscar Wong Zheng Yang
(0319674)
Stadium Negara (1957)
Dayabumi Complex (1984)
Menara Maybank (1988)
Yang Jing Loo (0323066)
Yew Wing Kee (0323555)
Yong Ai Yi (0321977)
Zoe Low Li Mien (0319444)
Hoh Jean Ming (0322496)
Bakht Jalal Khan (0326850)

2. Stadium Negara
1957
Analysis DiagramsPhotographsInformation
Balance & Symmetry
From the plan view, the symmetry line shows the
balance of the building where each quarter of the
side are same to each other. Same goes to elevation,
the building is symmetrical on the vertical line which
provides better view for users in any point where
they are standing.
Architect : Stanley Edward Jewkes
Year : 1957
Style: Brutalism , Modernism, International
Style
Function: Malaysia's declaration of
independence on 31 August 1957, venue
for many major sporting events, venue for
concerts.
Location & Location map :Jalan Hang
Jebat, 50150 Kuala Lumpur.
Description:constructed from 25
September 1956 to 21 August 1957 to host
the Thomas Cup. Sept 17, 1963 The day
after Malaya became Malaysia. Stadium
Negara was announced by Yang Dipertuan
Agong as one of the eight symbolic
national buildings In the 1960’s, 10200-seat
Stadium Negara was built and also added
a largest unsupported concave roof
Designed by Public Works Department
engineer, S.E.Jewkes. In 1985 the roof was
replaced by space-frame dome In
February 2003 it helps the ventilation of
the building, Stadium Merdeka was named
a national heritage building.In 2007,
Merdeka Stadium underwent restoration to
its original 1957 condition. The
45,000-capacity stadium has been
reduced to 20,000. Then, renovation tale
placed for Malaysia’s 50th anniversary. The
top picture shows the stadium before the
space-frame dome was added.
Site Context
This Stadium was built on a small hill on Petaling Hills.
There are education buildings above and behind the
stadium. It was built in city for users to access easily.
Circulation
The circulation of this Stadium from each entrance
direction flows is centralised which gives concentration
on the arena stage. The most used public entrance is
the main entrance where entrance A & B will open
when heavy traffic occurs. Backstage entrance is a
semi-private space were usually used by staff workers.
http://4.bp.blogspot.com/-vjl_PqEemGA/TRq7tuNYNYI/AAAAAAAAAF0/Do6a9_VjB
xM/s1600/Stadium+Negara.jpg
https://encrypted-tbn2.gstatic.com/images?q=tbn:ANd9GcSzbM_O39kIfM4c7J58oV3
1RERMb5Q6oPxEKw1QGQg0_ZYn5H_bEA
http://4.bp.blogspot.com/-vjl_PqEemGA/TRq7tuNYNYI/AAAAAAAAAF0/Do
6a9_VjBxM/s1600/Stadium+Negara.jpg
Repetition
Repetition occurs from a small circle overlap
continuously with a bigger circle. The section view
shows the row of the seats are placed in different level
which creates a hierarchy pattern this is to avoid the
front row won't block the view from behind.
The repetition show
by the red lines in the
diagram
Geometry
The form of stadium negara is a combination of a dome
shape and 2 rectangular shapes.The additional dome is to
prevent strong air flow and rainy weather from sport
event.
Light Penetration
The windows surrounds the upper part of the building
which allows light comes in any side.Due to the
position of the windows, the lower part will gets more
sunlight rather than the upper part of the inner building.
windows
Entrance A
Backstage Entrance
Entrance B
Main Entrance

3. Perpustakaan Negara
1966
Location: 232 Jalan Tun Razak
Kuala Lumpur
50400
Architect: Kumpulan Akitek
(http://www.kumpulanakitek.com.m
y/)
Year: 1966
Type: Malaysian Architecture,
Description: The Perpustakaan
Negara is divided into three
branches:
The management,
Library development,
Information services.
The design of the building and
concept reflects the Malaysian
identity and symbolises intellectual
achievement.
It also takes from the national's rich
cultural heritage. The concept is that
the building is based off of the
traditional Malay hat, the tengkolok
that symbolizes intellectual pride in
Malaysian culture. Roof tiles contains
unique patterns inspired by the Kain
Songket.
Analysis DiagramsPhotographsInformation
Site context
This building is located along Jalan Tun
Razak, there’s residential (grey color)
surrounded the perpustakaan.
Form
Circulation
There is only one entrance for the public, it
offers a linear experience through the
library.
Media room
Registration
counter
Form
This building is form by tengkolok which
symbolize the intellecture pride and
respect in Mlaysia culture.
Asymmetry
View from the top shows the asymmetry
of the size of the roof.
Repitition
The repeating use of the roof which is in
the sahpe of tengkolok.
Geometry
From the elevation of the building it was
actually shows the geometry form of
squares, triangles, and trapezium.

4. Dayabumi Complex
1984
Analysis DiagramsPhotographsInformation
Symmetry And Balance
The modern Islamic architecture building
elaborates the use of symmetry in the structure.
The exterior of the building, including the floor
plans and the elements of the building have
obvious symmetry and balance.
Architect : Nik Mohammed. Arkitek MAA
Sdn Bhd (MAA)
Year : 1984
Style: Modern Islamic Architecture,
Moorish Architecture
Function:it used to house the
headquarters of the national oil company
PETRONAS, until they moved to the
world famous PETRONAS Twin Towers;
now it houses several commercial
offices.And also the headquarter for Pos
Malaysia. Known as Pejabat Pos Besar
Kuala Lumpur
Location & Location map :Jalan Sultan
Hishamuddin, 50050 Kuala Lumpur, Wilayah
Persekutuan Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
Description: Dayabumi Complex is a
35-storey building set along Jalan Sultan
Hishamuddin, south of Merdeka Square.
Built in the 1984, it was the first modern
building in KL to incorporate principles of
Islamic design into its architecture. A
major landmark in KL it was one of the
city’s earliest skyscrapers. Also known as
Menara Dayabumi, the 515ft skyscraper
was built to resemble a mosque. Spread
across 1,621,930sqft, the Dayabumi
Complex has patterns of eight-pointed
stars, high vaulted Islamic arches at the
top and bottom of the tower and shiny
white fretwork.
Site Context
Dayabumi Complex is located close to Jalan
Sultan Hishamudin, where the south of Melaka
Square is. The building is located next to the
Klang River.
Spacial Relationship
The connection between the rooms to the
building, Dayabumi Complex spatial relationship
is defined as “space within a space” which is
large space that contains a smaller space within
its volume.
Geometry
The Dayabumi Complex is a combination of
geometrical shape, The top view of the building
shows the combination of squares, rectangles
and triangles to achieve the modern islamic
architecture..
Circulation
The main four entrances at the left side of the plan
creates a parallel path going through the main
lobby of the building and to the food court then to
the exit of the building.
Design Inspiration
After its independence, Malaysia has strived towards
modernizing and improving the standards to compete in the
new age, as well as keeping their roots intact. The Menara
Dayabumi serves as a beautiful example as its design has
been inspired by the same ideology. Firstly, the architect
wanted to achieve the most modern and sophisticated
design, due to the improvements in technology and the
economy of Malaysia. The building was to represent the
progress of the nation. Secondly, the architect adopted
principles of Islamic Architecture, to give the building its
identity. Use of the pointed arches, eight point star in the
plan, and Islamic geometrical shapes on the walls among
others in combination with the modern style of architecture
resulted in the final design.

5. Lembaga Tabung Haji Headquarters
1984
Architect:
Hijjas Kasturi
Year built:
1984
Address:
Jalan Tun Razak, 50450 Kuala
Lumpur, Wilayah Persekutuan Kuala
Lumpur, Malaysia
Design concept:
The building’s design concept is
influenced by Islamic architectural
elements and the building’s form
resembles a traditional Malay drum.
There are five non-structural pillars
which are situated at the facade of
the building and they resemble the
five pillars of Islam.
Background:
The Lembaga Tabung Haji
Headquarters, which is also known
as the headquarters for the
Malaysian Muslim Pilgrims
Management Fund Board, is situated
at Jalan Tun Razak, Kuala Lumpur.
The building’s design showcases
simplicity, discipline and unity which
are the three ideas emphasized by
Islam. Hijjas Kasturi also mentioned
that the building takes the shape of
an hourglass form, which is
something different and sculptural
at the time it was built. Besides that,
it is also used to represent the
spiritual enlightenment promised by
the pilgrimage.
Analysis DiagramsPhotographsInformation
Site Context
The PNB Tower, a financial building,, is
situated to the south of the building.
Residential buildings located nearby, such
as G Tower and PNB Darby Park, provides
accommodation to office workers.
Form
The main office building take the form of a
concave curved vase form. Masjid Tabung
Haji (the smaller building) however, takes
the form of a curved cone.
Structure
Five semicircular arches are situated below
the building. They allow the weight of the
building to be resolved into five similar
structures and create a welcoming feeling.
Spatial Hierarchy
Space within the building is organized
whereby the carpark is situated at the
lowest, followed by the mechanical room,
the lower, middle and upper zone offices.
Circulation
Circular circulation is being used for every
floor of the building to ensure smooth and
undisrupted flow between spaces and to
prevent congestions.
Light Penetration
Tinted black glass were used to reduce the
amount of light penetrating into the building.
It also creates visual privacy whereby the
interior is not visible externally.
http://www.thehousehunter.com.au/wp-content/uploads/2014/07/D
SC018231.jpg

6. Putra World Trade Centre
1985
Analysis DiagramsPhotographsInformation
Form
The building is made up of three form
components which include a triangular prism
at the top, a trapezium prism in the middle and
a cuboid at the bottom.
Light Penetration
The refractive glass facades at the front and
back of the building allows maximum amount
of light to penetrate the building from both
sides, illuminating the interior spaces.
Spatial Hierarchy
Hierarchy is shown through the size of spaces.
The larger the space, the more important and
frequently it’s used. The most important space
is the hall, which occupies the most space.
Circulation
The spaces within the building are
arranged in a linear sequential manner, ,
which gives a sense of continuity from
space to space.
Symmetry and Balance
The front and back facades of the building
are symmetrical on the vertical axis.
Materiality
Glazed ceramic tiles on the roof makes the
building glisten under the sun. Refractive
glass is also used at the facades to allow
natural light to illuminate the interior spaces.
http://wcfkl.my/wp-content/uploads/2015/02/pwtc1.jpg
http://www.pwtc.com.my/c/an-overview36/
Architect:
Kumpulan Akitek Sdn. Bhd.
Year built:
1984
Address:
Putra World Trade Centre, 41, Jalan Tun
Ismail, 50480 Kuala Lumpur, Wilayah
Persekutuan Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
Design concept:
The building’s design concept is influenced
by Islamic architectural elements and the
building’s form resembles a traditional
Malay house
The front facade is fully covered with
reflective glass windows which gives the
building a contemporary design without
overpowering the traditional concept.
Background:
Putra world trade centre is used mainly for
exhibitions, conventions and functions. It
spans over 1.7 million square feet and
includes several halls to host the functions.
It is also the general headquarters for
UMNO.

7. Menara Maybank
1988
Analysis DiagramsPhotographsInformation
Massing
Forms inspired from a Keris handle,
reflected. An intersection of two rectangular
blocks. Subtracted forms are used on the
ground floor to enhance the entrances of
building.
Circulation
Ground floor plan indicate in red, accessible
pathways from the underground car park
and from and main entrance of Jalan Tun
Perak. Centre core is main access point of
elevators to each floor..
Space organization
Plantations surrounding provide better
ventilations and creates focal point of
building as it located on hill. Front facade
facing to minimal high rise building, reduces
complexity and distractions.
Light Penetration
Repetitive of vertical glass columns allow natural
light rays to enter, creates positive aroma and
due to the site which located towards low rise
buildings. Load of windows are transferred to
girders to allow greater entrances for lightings.
Repetition
Repetitive of space. Vertical form are space of
main access to every floor- elevators and
corridors.. Horizontal form of spaces are
departments, meeting rooms, washrooms.
Hierarchy
Public space located on ground floor for
visitor’s convenience regarding access.
Private areas are constructed as office
spaces for people to work in as a company..
Architect: Hijjas Kasturi
Year: 1988
Style: Modernist
Function: High Rise Office Building
Location & Location map:
100, Jalan Tun Perak, Pudu, Kuala
Lumpur, Malaysia.
Concept:
A Design that won an international
competition, Malayan Banking [known as
that time] is a representation of the
Malayan culture. Hiijas implements the
idea of a keris sword. Formed in a
modernist sculptural high rise building as
one the tallest buildings that presents
Malaysia’s continuous development and
modernity.
Material:
Reinforced Concrete.
Floors: 50
HORIZONTAL
VERTICAL
SITE
HIGH RISE
LOW RISE
Public
Semiprivate
Private

8. Wisma Tun Sambanthan
1989
Architect:
Hijjas Kasturi
Year built:
1989
Address:
2, Jalan Sultan Sulaiman, Kampung
Attap, 50000 Kuala Lumpur, Wilayah
Persekutuan Kuala Lumpur,
Malaysia
Design concept:
The design concept of the building
was inspired from the 'stupa', which
is a traditional Indian structure.
Background:
Wisma Tun Sambanthan’s client is
the National Land Finance
Co-operative Society (NLFCS), which
is a vital economic organization
initiated by the Malaysian Indian
community. Their plan was to invest
in the commercial area which
eventually became a center of
capitalism at the centre of Kuala
Lumpur. The building’s presence
shows the importance of the Indian
community in Malaysia’s economy.
The building is constructed using
stainless steel, aluminium, refractive
glass, marble columns and many
more.. One of the special features of
the building is the small auditorium
situated below the ground floor,
which is linked by a spiral staircase.
Analysis DiagramsPhotographsInformation
Site Context
The building’s plan was designed to follow
the shape formed by the intersection of Jalan
Kinabalu and Jalan Sultan Sulaiman.
Form
The building is formed by two different sizes
of ‘coned cylinder’’ forms. The lower form is
larger in volume to support the upper part of
the building.
Structure
The most prominent columns that support
the building are the Y-shaped columns
which allow the the shape of the building to
be recessed inwards.
Spatial Organization
The organization of the space is in a
clustered pattern. The significance of spaces
are articulated by its size, form, or orientation
within the pattern.
Materiality
The materials used to design the building
include aluminium cladding, refractive glass
and stainless steel to give it a modern and
sleek feel.
Light Penetration
Refractive glass facades at all four sides of
the building allows a controlled amount of
light to enter and illuminate the interior
spaces.

9. Istana Budaya
1999
Location: Jalan Tun Razak,
Titiwangsa, 53200 Kuala Lumpur,
Wilayah Persekutuan Kuala Lumpur,
Malaysia
Architect: Muhammad Kamar
Ya'akub
Year: 1999
Type: Malaysian Architecture,
Description: Panggung Sari theatre
hall located inside Istana Budaya has
unique designs of royal boxes that is
taken from windows of the
traditional Rumah Melayu. It is Asia’s
first to be equipped with the latest
stage facilities.
The design is inspired by traditional
moon kites. The building's main
shape is of the sirih junjung, a
traditional arrangement used in
Malay weddings made with betel
leaves. It is divided into 3 main areas:
-The serambi (which is the lobby and
foyer)
-The rumah ibu (as the auditorium)
-The rumah dapur (as the stage and
rehearsal hall)
It is made with local resources and
hand crafted motifs. The theatre
lobby takes shape of the rebana ubi
or traditional drum.
Analysis DiagramsPhotographsInformation
Site Context Geometry
Symmetry
Circulation
Unity
The roof was constructed according to a roof
type called gable roof. The roof of Istana
Budaya is a repetition of gable roof and it was
constructed using the ‘folding’ method.
Hierarchy
The lobby is a public space and open to all the
visitors. The auditorium is a semi private space, it is
opened when there is an event. The stage and
rehearsal hall is a private space as it is only
opened to those who are authorized.
Istana Budaya is situated along Jalan Tun
Razak, building along this road consist of
public health organization, office and culture
centers.
The plan of Istana Budaya is inspired by
the shape of ‘wau bulan’ a Malay
traditional kite.the plan is then modiried
into a combination of few diamond shape.
There is only one entrance for the visitor,
after they pass throught the lobby there are
to two exit to pass throught the auditorium
and after that is the reheaesal hall.
The building is built such that it is
symmetrical on the vertical axis. This is to
create a visual equilibrium.

10. National Visual Arts Gallery
2000
Year built:
27th
of September 2000
Address:
Lembaga Pembangunan Seni Visual
Negara, No. 2, Jalan Temerloh, Off
Jalan Tun Razak, 53200 Kuala
Lumpur.
Dimensions
Surface area of building: 13,000
square meters of space
Surface area of site: 5.67 hectares
Background
The National Visual Arts Gallery of
Malaysia was established by Tunku
Abdul Rahman, the first Prime
Minister of Malaysia, on the 28th
of
August 1958. Initially, a 2-storey
building was allocated by the
government to the National Art
Gallery.
The construction of the new building
was completed in 1998 through a
collaborative project between the
Yeoh Tiong Lay (YTL) Company and
the government. On 13 November
1998, the National Art Gallery (BSLN)
moved to its current location at No.
2, Jalan Temerloh, Off Jalan Tun
Razak, Kuala Lumpur. The new
National Art Gallery building was
officially opened on the 27th
of
September 2000 by YAB Dato’ Seri
Dr. Mahathir bin Mohamad.
Analysis DiagramsPhotographsInformation
Site Context
Both the Istana Budaya and the building are
located along Jalan Tun Razak, making them
accessible via a common circulation path.
The buildings are also placed side by side to
indicate their common use for the arts.
Form
The overall form of the building is made up
of cuboids, triangular prisms and an inverted
“V” shaped prism, which forms the shape of
the roof similar in vernacular Malay houses.
Spatial Hierarchy
The location of the galleries according to
their importance in a vertical manner creates
a clear progression of space upwards.
Permanent exhibits are situated on the top,
indicating their importance in the building.
Circulation
The Guggenheim Museum-styled staircase
twirls from the ground floor to the third floor,
providing access to the main galleries
situated above in a fashionable manner.
Materiality
The art gallery is designed using tinted glass,
tempered glass, slate as well as stainless
steel. Slate is used to decorate the roof and
tinted glass is used to decorate the facades.
Light Penetration
The pyramidal tinted glass facades of the
building allows sunlight to penetrate the
building from two opposite sides, illuminating
the interior spaces of the building constantly.

11. MATRADE
2007
Analysis DiagramsPhotographsInformation
Ventilation
There are windows positioned along the
building’s span shows that a good
ventilation system is designed for the public
for exhibition purpose.
Circulation
The circulation of the building is mainly
about how visitors enter the exhibition hall
through the entrances in the building at the
East and West as well as the front entrance
for visitors to enter.
Symmetry & Balance
The building is built such that it is
symmetrical to show harmonious and
tidiness for a place that is used for
exhibitions.
Structure
There are columns constructed over the
exhibition hall as the space is wide it need
more support in the centre of the building.
Site Context
There are commercial buildings, parking lots
, roads, construction site and vegetation
surround the building.
http://mapio.net/pic/p-28703346/
Location
Menara MATRADE Jalan Sultan Haji Ahmad
Shah, 50480 Kuala Lumpur
Architect
USG Boral Architects and Designers
Year
2007
Type
Trade and convention centre, Malaysian
Architecture
Background:
A building which has a unique archway
designed through the building. A best venue
for various functions such as meetings,
incentives, conventions, exhibitions and so on.
This building is managed by Creative Arm &
Communication (CAC).This is a place that
allows people whom are to do trading to
explore and examine a wide selection of
products and services..
This building is a trade and convention
centre. It consists of 3 exhibition halls, one
ballroom, 9 function rooms, a theatre, and an
amphitheatre.
Building concept
Display Area - a real life backdrop is provided
to showcase the clients the actual application
and functions visually.
Booth Area - allows clients to aspect
Malaysian services and products according to
specific industry clusters.
Open Concept – products are exhibited in a
creative manner to indicate its appeal in
details
Organization of Form
The form of the building is designed as a
linear organization where one space is
positioned horizontally and another is
vertically.Along of the space sequences has
an exterior exposure.
Parking lot
Construction
site
MATRADE
Exhibition
Space
Exhibition
Space

12. References
1) Bangunan Tabung Haji, Kuala Lumpur | 106005 | EMPORIS. (n.d.). Retrieved September 26, 2016, from
http://www.emporis.com/buildings/106005/bangunan-tabung-haji-kuala- lumpur-malaysia MENARA TABUNG HAJI -
ARC60203 42
2) BINTI ABDUL AZIZ, S. (2012, December 22). TABUNG HAJI TOWER, KUALA LUMPUR. Retrieved September 26, 2016, from
http://al-blog-al-kaslan.blogspot.my/ 2012/12/tabung-haji-tower-kuala-lumpur.html
3) Binti Wan Mohd Rashdi, W. (2012, October 21). Malaysian Architectural Identity. Retrieved September 26, 2016, from
https://designerspuo.wordpress.com/ architectural-writings/teaching-and-learning-dillema-in-puo/
4) Dayabumi Complex Kuala Lumpur (2016). Retrieved October 4th, 2016 from
http://www.kuala-lumpur.ws/attractions/dayabumi-complex.htm
5) Hijjas Kasturi Associates Sdn. (n.d.). Retrieved September 27, 2016, from http://www.hijjaskasturi.com/hkas_loader.html
6) I. (1970). Wisma Tun Sambanthan. Retrieved September 27, 2016, from
http://my.malaxi.com/2014/09/wisma-tun-sambanthan.html
7) Istana Budaya. (n.d.). Retrieved October 02, 2016, from http://www.istanabudaya.gov.my/
8) Istana Budaya. (n.d.). Retrieved October 02, 2016, from
https://web.archive.org/web/20070928082215/http://www.istanabudaya.gov.my/page.cfm?ID=EEEC43B3-EAEB-4959-BA1C
095403A2B115
9) :: Mecc.matrade.gov.my ::. (n.d.). Retrieved September 27, 2016, from http://mecc.matrade.gov.my/index.asp
10) Menara Tabung Haji. (2016). Retrieved September 29, 2016, from
http://www.slideshare.net/LovieTey/menara-tabung-haji-case-study
11) McGillick, P. (2006). Concrete, Metal, Glass. Editions Didier Millet Sdn, Bhd.

13. References
12) National Visual Arts Gallery. (2016). Retrieved September 28, 2016, from
http://www.lonelyplanet.com/malaysia/kuala-lumpur/sights/museums-galleries/national-visual-arts-gallery
13) National Visual Arts Gallery (Balai Seni Visual Negara). (2016). Retrieved September 28, 2016, from
http://www.timeout.com/kuala-lumpur/art-galleries/national-visual-arts-gallery-balai-seni-visual-negara
14) National Visual Arts Gallery in Kuala Lumpur. (2016). Retrieved September 28, 2016, from
http://www.kuala-lumpur.ws/attractions/national-art.htm#
15) National Art Gallery Malaysia. (2016). Retrieved September 28, 2016, from
http://www.artinasia.com/institutionsDetail.php?catID=9999&galleryID=657
16) Perpustakaan Negara Malaysia. (n.d.). Retrieved October 3, 2016, from http://www.pnm.gov.my/
17) Putra World Trade Centre (PWTC) Building Audits. (2016). Retrieved September 28, 2016, from:
http://www.ghd.com/global/projects/putra-world-trade-centre/
18) Research our halls. (2016). Retrieved September 28, 2016, from: http://www.pwtc.com.my/
19) Tan Sri Soma Hall, Wisma Tun Sambanthan, Kuala Lumpur. (2016). Retrieved September 29, 2016, from
http://eventful.com/kualalumpur/venues/tan-sri-soma-hall-wisma-tun-sambanthan-kuala-/V0-001-007114820-2
20) Sidhu, J.S. (2010). Shapers of Modern Malaysia The Lives and Works of the PAM Gold Medalists. Pertubuhan Akitek Malaysia.
21) Wisma Tun Sambanthan. (2016). Retrieved September 29, 2016, from http://www.townplan.gov.my/content.php?ID=172
22) Wisma Tun Sambanthan. (2016). Retrieved September 29, 2016, from
http://www.timeout.com/kuala-lumpur/things-to-do/wisma-tun-sambanthan
23) Stadium Negara. (2016). Retrieved September 29, 2016, from, http://venue.myceb.com.my/venue/stadium-negara