4. • Peapods are botanically a fruit .
• Garden peas also called green or common peas.
• They are grown for their flesh edible green seeds
• Self pollinated plant
• Follow C3 pathway.
• Toxic substance present in pea is TRYPSIN inhibitor.
INTRODUCTION
5. CLASSIFICATION OF GARDEN PEA
Based on seed shape
1. Smooth seed
2. Wrinkled seed.
Based on plant height
1. Dwarf type
2. Medium-tall type
3. Tall plant
The wrinkled seeded
varieties are sweeter
6. CLASSIFICATION OF GARDEN PEA
• Based on maturity
1. Early season maturing variety (60-70 Days after sowing)
2. Medium season maturing variety (90_100 Days after
sowing)
3. Late season maturity (110-120 days after planting)
• Based on edible part
1. Edible padded
2. Edible seed
8. VARIETIES
• Early maturing
Arkel ,Azadpea3, Kashi mukti,kashi nandini ,matar ageta 6
• Mid season
Azad pea 1 ,kashi shakti, palam priya, pantnagar matar2,punjab89 pusa pragati
• Late maturing
Arka ajeet ,JP4 ,JM6, kashi samradhi, Vivek matar 10
• Edible podded
Arka apoorva, Jp19 ,Mitti phali
9. CLIMATE
• Climate
• Rabi season crop ,
• Require cold and dry climate
• Optimum temperature for germination is 22°C
• Peas favour a cool climate with an average temperature range of 10-18
C during its growth period.
• It can germinate up to5°C but slow rate .
• Flowers and pods are affected by frost
10. SOIL
• Grown in variety of soil
• Best soil is light sandy loam to clay
• Well drained soil
• pH is 6-7.5
• If pH is lower than 6 than, liming improve the soil
Condition
11. FIELD PREPRATION
• ploughing the soil or digging it up, followed by harrowing the land to break soil clods and
then levelling the field.
• seed bed is required for pea cultivation.
12. SOWING TIME
• In plane regions-15th October to November
• Hilly areas June –July
Seed
treatment
Thiram 3g/kg seed
Captan 2.5g/kg seed
Bavistan 2g/kg seed
Best is combination of Thirsm +Captan 2g+1g /kg
seed
13. METHOD OF SOWING
• Flat bed layout is used
• Generally sown by broadcasting but may also be sown by dibbling
or drilling.
• The seed are soaked in water overnight before sowing for better
germination
• G.A. 10 ppm for 12 hr treatment gives Highest germination and
yield .
• Spacing row×row 30cm
• plant ×plant 10cm
• Depth 4-5 cm
15. MANURE AND FERTILIZERS
• Add 20-25 T FYM
• N:P;K =40:50:50
• Phosphatic fertilizers enhance yield ,quality and nitrogen fixation
ability of plant
• 0.1% Ammonium molybdate increase no. Of podes and seed
• Gypsum of Pyrites complete the deficiency of sulphur
16. IRRIGATION
• Depends on climatic condition
• Required moisture during germination
At the time of flowering and fruit set irrigation is
essential
• Rhizobium is affected in water logged
condition.
17. INTERCULTURAL OPERATION
• Trailing and staking
• Generally the plant should be support on bamboo sticks .
Delay in this operation will reduce the yield .
• Weed control
• Atrazine , propazine,simazine 0.5kg /acres
Trailing and staking
18. PEST MANAGEMENT
•
Pea pod borer
• Etiella zinckenella
• Larvae of this insect eat surface of the
pod .After that it bore the pod and eat
seed
Control
• Spray Endosulphan 35 EC@0.2%to
control insect
19. PEST MANAGEMENT
• Aphid
• Suck the sap from the tender
parts of plant
Control
• Spray phosphamidone 0.5%on
the crop
20. DISEASE MANAGEMENT
• Downy mildew
• Disease symptoms:
• A grayish white, moldy growth appears on the lower leaf
lower leaf surface, and a yellowish area appears on the
on the opposite side of the leaf.
• Control
• Crop rotation,resistance variety.
• Before sowing seed treatment with fungicide
21. DISEASE MANAGEMENT
• Powdery mildew
• Disease symptoms:
• It attacks leaves first producing
faint, slightly discolored specks
from which grayish white
powdery growth of mycelium
develop.
• Control
• Apply sulphur dust on
affected plant
22. DISEASE MANAGEMENT
• Ascochyta blight
• Disease symptoms:
• Symptoms first appear as small, purplish-brown and
irregular flecks.
• Control
• Avoid overhead irrigation
• Seed treat with fungicide before sowing
• Use copper fungicide like Diathane Z78 Benlate etc
23. HARVESTING AND YIELD
• Harvesting:- when the pod are well fill and the young tender
peas changing in colour from dark to light green .
• Early -60-70 D.A.S
• Mid season-70-100DAS
• Late season -100 D.A.S
Yield
• Early variety:-3,000-4,000kg green pod /hectare
• Mid and late variety:-6,000-10,000kg green pod /hectare
24. POST HARVEST MANAGEMENT
• peas should be protected from direct sunlight. Heat increases their rate
of respiration, which is already relatively high after harvest. Delayed
postharvest cooling and exposure to the sun leads to quality
deterioration, resulting in shriveling and weight loss
Effect of delayed cooling on snap
bean quality.
Delay Time
(hours)
Weight Loss (%)
1 2.2
3 2.8
5 10.0
