Essay On Medical Anthropology

Essay on Medical Anthropology
Medical Anthropology
Introduction and Description:
My topic, Medical Anthropology, is a field of study that uses culture, religion, education, economics/infrastructure, history, and the environment as a
means to evaluate and understand "cross–cultural perspectives, components, and interpretations of the concept of health" (Society for Medical
Anthropology, pg. 1).
To further introduce Medical Anthropology, I will reiterate highlights of my previouspresentations. Early on in Turkey, I asked each person in our
program the following question: "I would like you to tell me about health and what it means to you?" The answers to this question varied widely,
making it difficult to define a global conception of health. In analyzing...show more content...
I have also considered social implications of health, cultural, and spiritual values. With this knowledge, I hope to adapt each patient's medical care to
reflect his or her individual needs in an effort to promote an optimal healing outcome.
Research and Methods:
I applied class lectures from our "Cross–Cultural Learning in Context" course on cross–cultural communication. I also utilized the personal application
of cultural competency theories to obtain "a functional awareness of cultural dynamics present in intercultural relations" (Paige, p. 22). This allowed
me to become more "effective in cross–cultural situations" (Paige, p. 23).
On a smaller scale, since I was communicating in a multicultural environment, I used the anthropological techniques below to gather my research data:
Interviews
Surveys

Field Observation
Cultural Immersion
Library and Internet Research
The sources included WHO; USAID; World Bank; The Ministries of Health for Turkey, Morocco, Egypt, Greece; and The Center for Cultural
Competency.
Results & Outcomes:
This next section will address the results and outcomes of my goals for the project according to country. Namely, I will discuss aspects of each health
program, highlight the components of Medical Anthropology, and give a brief
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Cultural Anthropologist Essay
Anthropologist are known to play devil's advocate, to accumulate knowledge on a global scale and to ultimately make the familiar strange and the
strange familiar. Their whole purpose is to study the language, traditions and customs of societies so knowledge on how humanity has developed over
time may be advanced. Cultural anthropologists use a wide range of techniques in order to reach an insightful understanding of human behavior in a
specific culture. Cultural Anthropologists play a vital role in spreading what knowledge is accumulated from other regions of the world.
Before an anthropologist is to set foot in another man's land; research is first to be done. An anthropologist will read up on previous studies and articles
done by past anthropologists.

What Is Anthropology? Essay
For the past century, Anthropology has come to be known as a study of an infinite curiosity about humans. Not only concerned with an interest in
human beings and their developements, Anthropology is much more broad in concept of trying to understand the relationships between human beings
and all possible questions about them. Anthropology is trying to understand all aspects of human beings through the broad discovery, study,
interpretation and inference of past and present cultural characteristics. In appling the knowledge aquired, one can gain an understanding of individuals
in society, regardless of the resulting conclusion being right or wrong.
The scope of anthropology is much more broad than that of other disciplines ofscience....show more content...
Motivated by the will to eliminate error and inaccurate theory, Anthropology seeks to find consistent data for analysis of human exsistence. By
removing skeptic ideals, Anthropologists can form a widley accepted explanation of human developement through time.
To further an already in–depth approach into the validety of human exsistence, Anthropology provides a holisitc way of joining the cultural traits of
humans. In effort to define a certian people, an Anthropologist may use several factors of that peopel's tradition. The geography of an area, the
formation of a peoples' language, conflicting religious sanctians, and the political history of a people are key factors in a human experience. Not only
studying a variety of people, Anthropology discerns why such a variety exsists and how a differenciation between people and their habits has occured.
In studying such specific details of perhaps only one area, Anthropologists can gather information to further the reason such great civilizations have
exsisted during the ages of time. By also using a multifaceted system, Anthropologists of recent years have found themeselves specializing in different
studies and branching the already diverse field of Anthropology. Investigating partcular areas of the discipline, Anthropologists center their attention
toward a designated sub–field. Despite this, Anthropology still

Anthropology and Gender Essay
Though women have played an integral part in the history of the discipline of anthropology, it was not until the early 1970's that the field of
anthropology and gender, or feminist anthropology emerged. Sex and gender roles have always been a vital part of any ethnographic study, but the
contributors of this theory began to address the androcentric nature of anthropology itself. The substantial gap in information concerning the study of
women was perceived as a male bias, a prejudice made more apparent because what little women–centered fieldwork was done received insufficient
attention from the academic community. While anthropology was considered one of the more egalitarian fields of study, it was dominated by white,
Western males who...show more content...
One of Slocum's contemporaries, Eleanor Leacock (1922–1987) chose to differently analyze gender research, focusing on distinctions in power as it
relates to society, the economy, and politics (2011: 397). She concentrated on North American natives and aboriginal Australians and their changing
gender roles as the result of Western influence. Another feminist trend gave emphasis to gender identities, analyzing the ways in which race, class and
gender converge. David Valentine, born in 1966, illustrates such an emphasis in his work which concerns the cross–cultural variations on the
westernized concepts of gender identity and sexuality, by which we categorize sexual desire (2011:398). As evidenced by the variety of emphases
within the theory, feminist anthropologists were fully committed to assessing all previously ignored facets of the subjugated female within numerous
cultures worldwide.
Several decades ago the idea of women as subordinate was considered to be a universality by the aforementioned white, Western male anthropologists
who lead the field. Despite an anthropologist's endeavor to be unbiased, the fact is these traditional anthropologists came from a culture where many
aspects of human life were male dominant. Though many studied

Reflection Paper On Anthropology
When I first began taking Anthropology at the beginning of the semester, I was not exactly sure what to expect. I quickly learned anthropology is a
topic that covers a little bit of everything. We began the semester with learning about different cultures, to medicine, and all the way to race and
ethnicity. For every career field, there is always something to learn from anthropology that pertain to specific jobs. Anthropology teaches the employee
fields the background of various cultures they might encounter and teaches them how to communicate with different types of people. As a nursing
major, there are so many units I can use to help better myself in my career field. There are so many topics that have had an impact on me as I prepare
for my future. Not only has the medical and healthcare units impacted me, but also the cultures and communication help me get a better understanding
of other people and how to respond to their culture. The very first unit was all about culture. I learned exactly what culture is and what makes up a
culture. I found it very interesting at how many different cultures there are. Even in the West Georgia area, there are so many different cultures around
us. I had never realized just how diverse this small college down is. Many times, at the beginning of the unit, I thought that this unit would not have as
much to do with me because I assumed we were all similar. While that may be true to a certain extent, the culture we grow up in play major roles

Essay on The Role of Medical Anthropology
This paper seeks to show the inter–relationship of bio– medical professionals such as doctors and nurses in comparison with medical anthropologists
and try to show their relevancy in the healthcare system and their collaboration in inter–professionalism. Medical anthropology is an advancing
sub–discipline of anthropology. Medical anthropology is intended to provide a framework, which should enable students to identify and analyze social,
cultural, behavioural and environmental factors in relation to health and disease/illness in any given society. Medical anthropologists are not medics or
professional doctors but they are usually found within the health care system since they provide an insightful role of involving cultural aspects in...show
more content...
This paper seeks to show the relevance of anthropologists in the success of any healthcare system. It further outlines the necessity of medical
anthropologists in any clinical setting. In many scientific disciplines researches try to explain their objects by reducing them to become principles,
however in anthropology ,the approach is to understand issues in their context meaning that practises ideas are looked at from a wider perspective.
Significance of Human Body to medical anthropologists. We cannot talk about health, without focusing on the body because ill health presents
suffering to the human body and the mind. To the medical anthropologists, the human body is more than just a physical organism; it is also a focus of
a set of beliefs about its social and psychological significance about its inner structure referred to as anatomy and structures called physiology. These
sets of cultural beliefs about the body are called body image and are culturally determined .Social status, gender or occupation is expressed through the
body and its adornments. The body is important to medical anthropologists because it lays meaning of structure and functioning of the body influences
the way people perceive sickness. Ethnophysiology refers to the lay understanding of the functioning of the body and sometimes differs from
bio–medical functioning of the body. The body is important to anthropologists

Essay about Ethnography
Ethnography
One of the most complex and interesting aspects of cultural anthropology is the ethnography. The idea of being able to read stories about groups of
individuals is something that is intriguing to many people. With the ethnography, the authors many times feel that they have control and understanding
over the individuals that they are writing about. Furthermore, many of these authors assume that the individuals among whom they are living and
studying exemplify the entire society as a whole. Ethnographers have used many different means of establishing their ethnographic authority. One such
method is the use of reflexivity in the ethnography. Ethnographers such as Renato Rosaldo in his work Culture and Truth: The Remaking of...show more
content...
Marcus is stating that with the use of reflexivity the author can in fact produce an ethnography that informs the reader of the role in which the
ethnographer plays in the story, and furthermore, demonstrates the fact that the ethnographer is not an omnipotent character.
In order to illustrate the notion that with reflexivity the ethnographer can explain to his or her audience the fact that they are not omnipotent, this
knowledge has to be stated as fact. For example, Marcus states "Cultural translation, which is what ethnography is, never fully assimilates difference. In
any attempt to interpret or explain another cultural subject, a surplus of difference always remains..."(Marcus 186). Marcus' definition is very
important because he is stating that there are always differences between the ethnographer and those in which he or she is studying. He is explaining
that by definition ethnography is composed of a conglomeration of differences which cannot be reconciled and always remain constant. With this fact
in mind, one can demonstrate through reflexivity that the belief of the ethnographer's superiority is false due to these differences.
Marcus discusses the fact that there are ethnographic texts in which the ethnographer strays away from the classic assumption

Essay about Anthropology
Paulina Para
November 2, 2015
Anthropology 101
"Cold Water"
Cold Water, directed by Noriko Ogami is a documentary from 1986 about cross–cultural adaptation and culture shock. It is about diving into a new
culture and having it feel, as one foreign student puts it, like a "plunge into cold water." Twelve Boston University foreign students express their
perceptions of their experiences in the U.S. as each of them (plus one American student and three specialists) is interviewed about living and studying in
a new culture. Initial focus is on the arrival and immediate post–arrival period and the culture shock which, for most of the interviewees, follows on its
heels. It becomes clear that central to the problems encountered...show more content...
Next, things gets easier. The third stage said from this documentary happens to be the adjustment stage. Here things start to clear up and you start to
feel more at ease and at home. Frustrations are often subdued as travelers begin to feel more familiar and comfortable with the cultures, people, food,
and languages of new environments. Soon the navigation becomes easier along with the friends and communities of support are being established.
Finally the last stage is referred as the "acceptance stage," according to one foreign student. After some weeks or months we are noticing improvement
within ourselves after have wrestling with the emotional stages. The final stage of cultural shock doesn't mean that the new cultures and environments
are completely understood, it signifies realization that complete understanding isn't necessary to function and thrive in new surroundings. During this
stage, travelers have the familiarity and are able to draw together the resources they need to feel at ease.
The same students which laid out for us the stages of cultural shock also shared their experiences expressing how they felt about Americans. Tina
Lang, one of the foreign students at Boston University referred Americans as "superficial." As direct and straight forward as that description was I
like to agree with her. As Americans we are so focused on looking our best on the outside that we never put aside any time to work on our

Cultural Anthropology and Ethnographic Fieldwork
James P. Spradley (1979) described the insider approach to understanding culture as "a quiet revolution" among the social sciences (p. iii). Cultural
anthropologists, however, have long emphasized the importance of the ethnographic method, an approach to understanding a different culture through
participation, observation, the use of key informants, and interviews. Cultural anthropologists have employed the ethnographic method in an attempt to
surmount several formidable cultural questions: How can one understand another's culture? How can culture be qualitatively and quantitatively
assessed? What aspects of a culture make it unique and which connect it to other cultures? If...show more content...
This interpretation must make meaning from the culture in the same way that natives draw meaning. According to Spradley (1979), the structural
components of cultural meaning come from what people say, what they do, and what artifacts they use (p. 9). In anthropological field work, he or she
attempts to observe and document these cultural aspects. In addition, and more importantly, the anthropologist must then, as accurately as possible,
make inferences which parallel those of the natives.
The grandiose task of wearing another's cultural skin understandably comes with a host of opinions on how such a job can be accomplished.
Anthropologists have long argued about the accuracy of ethnographies (Levinson & Ember, 1996, pp. 419–21). Much of the discussion stems from the
assumption that some cultural aspects are ineffable and subconscious. Can an anthropologist approach his subject, as Spradley argues, "with a
conscious attitude of almost complete ignorance"? Is it possible to consciously withhold one's own cultural interpretations while attempting to study
that very thing in another culture?" (Spradley, 1979, p. 4 & Levinson & Ember, 1996, pp. 419–21).
Anthropologist Robert M. Keesing, in his essay "Not a Real Fish: The Ethnographer as Insider–Outsider," (1992) deals candidly with the problems of
fully becoming an

The Importance of Anthropology Anthropology is a scientific field that seems to be largely misunderstood by the general public. Many people hear
the word "anthropology" and think of an old man with a magnifying glass looking at some dusty old fossils. In reality, anthropology is much more
broad than archaeology, which people normally associate with it. Forms of anthropology are used in many aspects of daily life from advertising to
law enforcement. Anthropology is difficult to define, as it is extremely broad as a science, but it is vital to everyday life. The best way to define
anthropology is as the study of humans. Anthropology has four disciplines that all focus on different aspects of the human race. The first is called
biological...show more content...
Real archaeologists spend most of their time in labs, studying their own findings and the findings of others in hopes of finding another clue about the
human race's past. Occasionally, an archaeologist may find a location that can serve as an archaeological dig, in which case they will spend a lot of
time in the field, digging up and preserving new artifacts for study in a lab. The final, and probably least understood, discipline of anthropology is
linguistics. Linguistics, as defined by Texas State University, "examines how human speech and written text, made possible by the evolved human
capacity for language, is a fundamental mechanism through which people create culture and social life" ("What is Anthropology"). Linguistic
anthropologists try to find how language and other forms of communication affect culture in various regions of the world. All of these branches of
anthropology work together to find a deeper understanding of the human race. Every branch of anthropology works together in a number of ways. The
primary goal of anthropology is understand the human race's past. Archaeology discovers and interprets clues from past civilizations while biological
anthropology uses knowledge of past humans to aid in interpretation. Cultural and linguistic anthropology work together to form an idea of past
cultures based on their observation of current cultures. All of these disciplines come together to form a clear picture of a past civilization that fills in a
gap in

Anthropology : Anthropology And Anthropology
I would've never imagined the endless careers that are available to anthropology majors, before taking Professor Sharratt's Intro to Anthropology
course. The things that I have learned in anthropology have opened my mind to a variety of different career paths that is possible with a degree in
anthropology. Anthropology majors go off to a plethora of careers with their degrees in anthropology. Anthropology is "the study of humankind in all
times and place". Anthropology has four different subfields which include: Physical/Biological, Socio/Cultural, Linguistic, and Archeology. This wide
range of a study allows for one to stand out to companies in a various amount of industries including law, health, and often times business. Some job
duties...show more content...
Forensic anthropologist document and investigate human remains from past experiences. Forensic anthropologists are also very helpful when mass
disasters occur and a large amount of people die due to a certain event. Tersigni–Tarrant, Teresa, and Shirley state howforensic anthropology takes place
during a mass disaster by stating "The staff working in the disaster morgue has several responsibilities: documentation and processing of remains,
identification of the victim, examination of remains for medicolegal interpretations (e.g., cause of death), and documentation of the overall process"
(444). Forensic anthropology can be very vital to a culture or country because it allows for one to understand how someone has passed away, which
could possibly effect the same culture or country in the future. Forensic anthropologist take the time to examine the cause of one's death and help a
certain culture or country understand a particular outcome. There are forensic anthropologists employed by the FBI. Another possible career
opportunity in anthropology that I ran across that intrigued me was an exhibit designer. Exhibit designers are mainly employed at museums. Their job
duties include researching, educating, and designing in a museum setting. Exhibit designers are responsible for the preservation of anthropology related
items such as human remains and past objects. In the search for an exhibit designer

Essay on What Is Anthropology? How Is It Done?
What Is Anthropology? How Is It Done?
People enter the field of anthropology for a variety of reasons. Some people enter the field by accident. This means that they did not intend on
becoming an anthropologist. Some people were interested in the field from the start. One person married a social anthropologist; and, after living with
a group of people for two years wrote an ethnography about the people.
The first story is about Adrienne Zihlman. She is a paleoanthropologist. She collects all kinds of bones; so, she can "contrive and test ideas about the
origins of humans by studying the remains of living things" (Shell 1991:37). Zihlman went to Miami University of Ohio, where she decided to major in
anthropology after reading...show more content...
The second story is about Barbara Smuts. She is a primatologist. Smuts decided to be a primatologist after seeing Jane Goodall's first article about
chimpanzees in National Geographic (Rosenthal 1991:23). She graduated from Harvard in 1972; so, she started her graduate studies in biology at
Stanford (Rosenthal 1991:24). While doing her graduate research, she flew to Goodall's Gombe Stream Research Center in Tanzania to study foraging
patterns and social relationships in female chimps (Rosenthal 1991:24).
During her first few years of research, Smuts had a lot of problems (Rosenthal 1991:24). On her first expedition, she and three other students were
kidnapped (Rosenthal 1991:24). They were returned safe, but no one was allowed to research in Gombe except for Jane Goodall (Rosenthal
1991:24). Smuts decided to change the focus of her study to olive baboons (Rosenthal 1991:24). Her first baboon project fell through because of
problems in Masai Mara, Kenya (Rosenthal 1991:24). She found that baboons are the perfect species to study because they are very social; and, she
was interested in social relationships (Rosenthal 1991:24). She followed the baboons everywhere throughout the day (Rosenthal 1991:24). She thinks
that she had a lot of success with the baboons because she was small and female (Rosenthal 1991:24).
In the late 1980s, Smuts started to study

Anthropology Reflection
Follow Up Reflection, Ben Parfitt
During this Anthropology Convention, I have learned many things on their duties, what they discover, research and how they compare it to modern
life these days. I would start off by saying that this assignment helped me become more confident about the knowledge of common type Anthropology.
It was interesting learning about bones, discoveries and especially different cultures, tribes and beliefs that people are included in across the world
that I never knew existed. My group created a fish, stingray like species that we named the Guaca Puca. This species swims in the sand like a fish
in water, it is very large, lived in the Sahara desert and became extinct millions of years ago when the sun became more powerful in that area and
their habitat was lost because of the dry soil. We created a slideshow full of the information about our species to introduce to the class. This was the
most resourceful way because it provides slides that we can group information in an organized fashion. We wanted our audience to see visuals of
each slide because many people in this world are visual learners. Kahoot is an easy electronic way to get the class involved with your presentation. It
also tests to see if people have been paying attention to our detail and key information about our species.
I was asked if I were to leave a box filled with items we commonly use today for future Anthropologists to find hundreds of years from now, what
would I leave? Well today's generation has evolved drastically in the past century, so there would be a huge difference on what we would put in that
box today compared to the 1800's. I would place a cell phone, a new car, our written language, common sports equipment, and a list of our common
laws (some of the most important ones) in the box. The following reasoning below is why I would place those certain items in the box. Firstly, the cell
phone. These electronic devices are what most to all teenage, adults and adolescents are constantly using throughout the day. These small items are part
of our everyday life, and has changed common form of communication massively. In the future, they will most probably have a device that is much
more advanced, and people

Race and Ethnicity According to Anthropologists
Examining the ideas and beliefs within ones own cultural context is central to the study of Anthropology. Issues of Race and Ethnicity dominate the
academic discourses of various disciplines including the field of Anthropology. Race and Ethnicity are controversial terms that are defined and used by
people in many different ways. This essay shall explore the ways in which Anthropologists make a distinction between race and ethnicity and how these
distinctions serve as frames for cross–cultural comparison and analysis. It is important to accurately define these coined terms before one is able to
make accurate comparisons and distinctions between them, and their relation to the concept of...show more content...
The concept of race and the meanings associated with the term have continuously changed and evolved throughout history. Many negative
connotations have been associated with the word race and these are evident as one reflects on the historical origins of the term. Commonly the term
race is closely connected to the notion of 'racism.' Racism is a specific form of prejudice which focuses on physical variations between people. It
describes the ideological belief that a person, or groups of people can be classified into 'races' which can be ranked in terms of superiority and
inferiority (Spoonley, 1988:4). Giddens defines racism as "the attribution of characteristics of superiority or inferiority to a population sharing certain
physically inherited characteristics" (1997:584). This supports the idea that racism is a manner of prejudice or animosity against people who have
different physical characteristics. It is in virtue of circumstances such as these that Anthropologists find it necessary to make a distinction between the
concepts of race and ethnicity.
In contrast to the idea of race, Ethnicity refers to ethnic affiliation, or the "cultural practices and outlooks of a given community of people that set
them apart from others" (Giddens, 1997:210). Members of a particular ethnic group see themselves as culturally distinct from other groups of people in
a society or culture. There are different characteristics which serve as a way of

Essay on anthropology
Anthropology proves to be satisfying and intellectually fulfilling to many in the field.
However, there are also many challenges and bumps in the road along the way. Napolean A. Chagnon and
Claire Sterk faced many of these challenges themselves. During his fieldwork with the Yanomamo, Chagnon faced many challengesinteracting with the
natives. Chagnon could not practically communicate with the people until about six months after he arrived. He notes ? the hardest thing to live with
was the incessant, passioned, and often aggressive demands they would make.? An example of this is the natives threatening with a shout such as; ?If
you don?t take me with you on your next boat trip to Widokalyateri, I?ll chop a hole in your canoe!? While...show more content...
Developing a relationship and trust with women who had never had any trustworthy people in their lives was quite challenging as well. Sterk was
once followed home by one of the woman?s pimps and his friends, and was jumped. The woman admitted to Sterk over a year later that they wanted
to teach her a lesson and she knew about it all along. Sterk describes ? At one time, I felt true hatred for a crack house owner and was unable to adhere
to the rules of courteous interactions.? ( Sterk 10)
In Gmelch?s work with ethnography, he took students to do fieldwork in Barbados. He says his students usually come out of the experience learning
more about themselves than they did about the people they were supposed to be studying. The students learned more than they ever had about intimacy
in relationships than they ever had in their culture. They compared it to the impersonality and detachment of their suburban lives. One of the biggest
adjustments the students had to make was adjusting to the slow–pace of village life. Many got used to being entertained just by socializing with the
people and had no desire to leave if given a chance. Materialism diminished as the students began to feel embarrassed that they have so much. The
people in the villages had so little and were seemingly so much happier than Americans. The students became minorities for their stay in the villages.
One student says ? I have never been in a

Narrative Essay On Anthropology
He tied his boat off and started to climb the cliffs. He knew that no one had lived to tell what was behind the cloud, but still he climbed. Fearing
what could be up there, a psycho, a snake in the grass all of the things that the town people that come on boat to the island spread rumors about it or
some people call her because of the sounds they can hear when near the rock a laughing little girl some people say. Jerry decided fear was just a road
block so he just thought about how he can find a pot of gold or some kind of fantasy object but he sighed knowing that it was all in his head. Water
was rushing down below, Jerry cautiously moved his hand in stable, non wet rocks but every now and then he made a risky move to jump to the rock
...show more content...
Jerry woke up and notice that he was in his house but it wasn't right he has lived in the same house the whole time at 3445 kurama dr. but he could
just tell, it was like he was in his house but one thing was is that he could see himself with his yellow airplane shaped backpack "am I dead" he
asked then a voice came out of the darkness "no, you are the first one to climb the rock you have helped my family escape my daughter has been up on
that rock for 20,000 years you see. we have been stuck up there to but you have gave us our freedom but for you now you will stay for another
20,000 years until someone like you comes again" "no, no, no why? Was this a trap" shouted Jerry as he fell to his knees but no one

Anthropology
Anthropology
Anthropology what a vulnerable observer you are! You may well have to jump into the arms of the scientists if you are going to try to keep your grass
hut at the academy! –– Ruth Behar
Debates on the role the reflexive plague the field of cultural anthropology as postmodern critics join the bandwagon attempting to claim authority in this
dubiously recognized discipline. In the borderline realm between the sciences and humanities, cultural anthropology has tried to find a niche in which it
can comfortably rest. For many, this has been in building a foundation of the methodical. If anthropology can classify, categorize, and synthesize, it can
assert its legitamacy to the glares of academia. However, in the attempts to...show more content...
The anthropologist is not a data classification machine. The anthropologist is a human being with specific angles, interpretations, and background.
Reality is perception. By reading ethnographies, we are learning from other's perception. The range of approaches is specifically what gives this
discipline it's richness and depth. Johannes Fabian in Remembering the Present: Painting and Popular History, comments,
Which and whose reality? Once the ethnographer has ceased to think that being in touch with reality and truth is guaranteed by following the rules of
scientific investigation, the outcome of contests and confrontations cannot be a victory of one kind of knowledge over the other. (p304)
Fabian in this ethnography beautiful depicts his role to give the reader a sense of the dialogue and exchange.
When two cultures interact, the exchange itself reveals insight. Fabian does not dismiss this in his ethnography. Like a stone thrown to water, the
anthropologist cannot attempt to study the environment without the acknowledgement of the ripples he/she creates. An example of Fabian's reflexivity
is as follows,
Perhaps Tshibumba sensed my incredibility and imagined the explanations I might come up with. That is why he made sure I understood what he
wanted to accomplish with this painting –– to create a kind of presence. (p300)
In this example, Fabian shows the reader how his presence may have an effect on the data. With the use of the word "perhaps", he

Reflection Of Anthropology
This semester we dove into the complicated study of the development and application of human culture. Over the course of 16 weeks we covered
topics ranging from understanding the importance and development of kinship, to the social structure of politics and it past and current impact, to the
spread and interconnection of the people of our planet in globalization. As a design major, a few of the topics that were covered this semester jumped
out in relevant significance more than others. In general, topics that reveal human behavior in large populations and how a culture develops art and an
aesthetic style. All of this to better understand what it is people want and what is best for better developing a culture.
The start of the semester we...show more content...
The order that Malinowski structure, that takes the shape of a pyramid to signify the bottom most needs are the most necessary, is; Nutrition,
Reproduction, Bodily comfort, Safety, Relaxation, Movement, and Growth. Understanding this order and the weight of necessity is crucial to
understanding what it is that people need and want.
A bit later in class, we discussed the fundamentals of culture and what it actually is to an anthropologist. Starting with how culture is shared with a
person who is born directly into one. We discussed the unresolved question of nature verses nurture with an individual's identity. Nature being that
a person's behavior is developed by his or her surrounding while it is alive, as opposed to simply nurture what is just acquired from a parental
figure. But aside from an individual's behavior, a society may develop customs that are based on the collective knowledge of the people. Because it
is impossible it is impossible for a single person to live long enough to experience everything that a live can offer, the group will use a thing called
language to communicate ideas that can either be physically or mentally recorded so that I can be used to create rules and tradition making the culture
more dynamic. This passing down on knowledge is what created foundations so that new knowledge can be acquired. However, this is not always to
last. Hostility can arise either internally or when one culture conflicts with another's ideas, beliefs,

Essay On Forensic Anthropology
Forensic anthropology is the physical or biological studies of a human skeleton. The purpose of a forensic anthropologist is to discover secrets hidden
in bones. Forensic anthropologists are trained physical anthropologists. The difference between the two are the amount of knowledge involved in
forensic anthropology. In forensic anthropology science, biology, and culture are applied to the legal process.
Forensic anthropology is a relatively new field. Although, in the 20th century people solved murders through examination of the bones the term
forensic anthropology just came about. Around the 1930s police and anthropology became one. The gangland murders at the time caused the FBI to
become physical anthropologists.
The Korean war and World War 2 helped develop a database of information used to identify people. They used this information and tools to help
identify the dead soldiers. Before the soldiers went to war, their height, age, illness history, and dental records were recorded. This was done to help
researchers when they needed to identify a dead body. The procedure was successful and researchers were able to identify the soldier's name and a
database of the skull and bone statistics.
Trained...show more content...
During this period there were events that took that left an impact on forensic anthropology. World War 2 was one of the events that left an impact.
The bodies killed during this time were decomposed and it was hard to identify because of how bad they were disfigured. Mildred Trotter took over
the lab in 1948 and began working on ways to improve determining stature from the lengths of long bones. The Korean War was the other event that
left an impact on forensic anthropology. During this war there were problems identifying the servicemen so the U.S. Army began an identification
laboratory in Japan. Thomas Mckern began to study the ages of aspects of the skeletal remains of dead

Essay On Medical Anthropology

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Essay On Medical Anthropology