INTERNAL HEAT GENERATION AND NON LINEAR NATURE OF SIMULATION

1. Project
First Saved Monday, October 3, 2016
Last Saved Monday, October 3, 2016
Product Version 16.0 Release
Save Project Before Solution No
Save Project After Solution No

2. Contents
 Units
 Model (A4)
o Geometry
 Parts
o Coordinate Systems
o Connections
 Contacts
 Contact Regions
o Mesh
o Transient Thermal (A5)
 Initial Temperature
 Analysis Settings
 Loads
 Solution (A6)
 Solution Information
 Result Charts
 Results
 Probes
o Chart
 Material Data
o Structural Steel
Units
TABLE 1
Unit System Metric (mm, kg, N, s, mV, mA) Degrees rad/s Celsius
Angle Degrees
Rotational Velocity rad/s
Temperature Celsius
Model (A4)
Geometry
TABLE 2
Model (A4) > Geometry
Object Name Geometry
State Fully Defined
Definition
Source D:New folderSoldering_Iron_WS7.stp
Type Step
Length Unit Meters
Element Control Program Controlled
Display Style Body Color
Bounding Box

3. Length X 77. mm
Length Y 41. mm
Length Z 3. mm
Properties
Volume 1481.8 mm³
Mass 1.1632e-002 kg
Scale Factor Value 1.
Statistics
Bodies 3
Active Bodies 3
Nodes 10787
Elements 2140
Mesh Metric None
Basic Geometry Options
Solid Bodies Yes
Surface Bodies Yes
Line Bodies No
Parameters Yes
Parameter Key DS
Attributes No
Named Selections No
Material Properties No
Advanced Geometry Options
Use Associativity Yes
Coordinate Systems No
Reader Mode Saves Updated File No
Use Instances Yes
Smart CAD Update No
Compare Parts On Update No
Attach File Via Temp File Yes
Temporary Directory C:UsersVishnu RajaranganAppDataLocalTemp
Analysis Type 3-D
Mixed Import Resolution None
Decompose Disjoint Geometry Yes
Enclosure and Symmetry Processing Yes
TABLE 3
Model (A4) > Geometry > Parts
Object Name Top Leg Tip Bottom Leg
State Meshed
Graphics Properties
Visible Yes
Transparency 1
Definition
Suppressed No
Stiffness Behavior Flexible
Coordinate System Default Coordinate System
Reference Temperature By Environment
Material

4. Assignment Structural Steel
Nonlinear Effects Yes
Thermal Strain Effects Yes
Bounding Box
Length X 70. mm 7. mm 70. mm
Length Y 3. mm 14.552 mm 29.586 mm
Length Z 3. mm
Properties
Volume 630. mm³ 157.71 mm³ 694.13 mm³
Mass 4.9455e-003 kg 1.238e-003 kg 5.4489e-003 kg
Centroid X -35. mm -73.231 mm -35.647 mm
Centroid Y 69. mm 63.329 mm 41.546 mm
Centroid Z 0.9988 mm
Moment of Inertia Ip1 7.4182e-003 kg·mm² 1.9515e-002 kg·mm² 3.3845e-002 kg·mm²
Moment of Inertia Ip2 2.0231 kg·mm² 4.3279e-003 kg·mm² 2.5652 kg·mm²
Moment of Inertia Ip3 2.0231 kg·mm² 2.1994e-002 kg·mm² 2.5909 kg·mm²
Statistics
Nodes 3960 1167 5660
Elements 630 562 948
Mesh Metric None
Coordinate Systems
TABLE 4
Model (A4) > Coordinate Systems > Coordinate System
Object Name Global Coordinate System
State Fully Defined
Definition
Type Cartesian
Coordinate System ID 0.
Origin
Origin X 0. mm
Origin Y 0. mm
Origin Z 0. mm
Directional Vectors
X Axis Data [ 1. 0. 0. ]
Y Axis Data [ 0. 1. 0. ]
Z Axis Data [ 0. 0. 1. ]
Connections
TABLE 5
Model (A4) > Connections
Object Name Connections
State Fully Defined
Auto Detection
Generate Automatic Connection On Refresh Yes
Transparency

5. Enabled Yes
TABLE 6
Model (A4) > Connections > Contacts
Object Name Contacts
State Fully Defined
Definition
Connection Type Contact
Scope
Scoping Method Geometry Selection
Geometry All Bodies
Auto Detection
Tolerance Type Slider
Tolerance Slider 0.
Tolerance Value 0.21822 mm
Use Range No
Face/Face Yes
Face/Edge No
Edge/Edge No
Priority Include All
Group By Bodies
Search Across Bodies
Statistics
Connections 2
Active Connections 2
TABLE 7
Model (A4) > Connections > Contacts > Contact Regions
Object Name Contact Region Contact Region 2
State Fully Defined
Scope
Scoping Method Geometry Selection
Contact 1 Face
Target 1 Face
Contact Bodies Top Leg Tip
Target Bodies Tip Bottom Leg
Definition
Type Bonded
Scope Mode Automatic
Behavior Program Controlled
Trim Contact Program Controlled
Trim Tolerance 0.21822 mm
Suppressed No
Advanced
Formulation Program Controlled
Detection Method Program Controlled
Elastic Slip Tolerance Program Controlled
Thermal Conductance Program Controlled
Pinball Region Program Controlled

6. Geometric Modification
Contact Geometry Correction None
Target Geometry Correction None
Mesh
TABLE 8
Model (A4) > Mesh
Object Name Mesh
State Solved
Display
Display Style Body Color
Defaults
Physics Preference Mechanical
Relevance 0
Sizing
Use Advanced Size Function Off
Relevance Center Coarse
Element Size 1.0 mm
Initial Size Seed Active Assembly
Smoothing Medium
Transition Fast
Span Angle Center Coarse
Minimum Edge Length 0.764370 mm
Inflation
Use Automatic Inflation None
Inflation Option Smooth Transition
Transition Ratio 0.272
Maximum Layers 5
Growth Rate 1.2
Inflation Algorithm Pre
View Advanced Options No
Patch Conforming Options
Triangle Surface Mesher Program Controlled
Patch Independent Options
Topology Checking No
Advanced
Number of CPUs for Parallel Part Meshing Program Controlled
Shape Checking Standard Mechanical
Element Midside Nodes Program Controlled
Straight Sided Elements No
Number of Retries Default (4)
Extra Retries For Assembly Yes
Rigid Body Behavior Dimensionally Reduced
Mesh Morphing Disabled
Defeaturing
Pinch Tolerance Please Define
Generate Pinch on Refresh No

7. Automatic Mesh Based Defeaturing On
Defeaturing Tolerance Default
Statistics
Nodes 10787
Elements 2140
Mesh Metric None
Transient Thermal (A5)
TABLE 9
Model (A4) > Analysis
Object Name Transient Thermal (A5)
State Solved
Definition
Physics Type Thermal
Analysis Type Transient
Solver Target Mechanical APDL
Options
Generate Input Only No
TABLE 10
Model (A4) > Transient Thermal (A5) > Initial Condition
Object Name Initial Temperature
State Fully Defined
Definition
Initial Temperature Uniform Temperature
Initial Temperature Value 30. °C
TABLE 11
Model (A4) > Transient Thermal (A5) > Analysis Settings
Object Name Analysis Settings
State Fully Defined
Step Controls
Number Of Steps 1.
Current Step Number 1.
Step End Time 20. s
Auto Time Stepping On
Define By Time
Initial Time Step 1.e-002 s
Minimum Time Step 1.e-003 s
Maximum Time Step 0.25 s
Time Integration On
Solver Controls
Solver Type Program Controlled
Radiosity Controls
Radiosity Solver Program Controlled
Flux Convergence 1.e-004
Maximum Iteration 1000.

8. Solver Tolerance 1.e-007 W/mm²
Over Relaxation 0.1
Hemicube Resolution 10.
Nonlinear Controls
Heat Convergence Program Controlled
Temperature Convergence Program Controlled
Line Search Program Controlled
Nonlinear Formulation Program Controlled
Output Controls
Calculate Thermal Flux Yes
General Miscellaneous No
Store Results At All Time Points
Analysis Data Management
Solver Files Directory D:New folderSoldering Iron_filesdp0SYSMECH
Future Analysis None
Scratch Solver Files Directory
Save MAPDL db No
Delete Unneeded Files Yes
Nonlinear Solution No
Solver Units Active System
Solver Unit System nmm
TABLE 12
Model (A4) > Transient Thermal (A5) > Loads
Object Name Temperature Convection Internal Heat Generation
State Fully Defined
Scope
Scoping Method Geometry Selection
Geometry 2 Faces 40 Faces 1 Body
Definition
Type Temperature Convection Internal Heat Generation
Magnitude
40. °C (step
applied)
= 1+cos(100*time)
Suppressed No
Film Coefficient
5.e-004 W/mm²·°C (step
applied)
Ambient
Temperature
30. °C (step applied)
Convection Matrix Program Controlled
Function
Unit System
Metric (mm, kg, N, s, mV, mA) Degrees
rad/s Celsius
Angular Measure Degrees
Graph Controls
Number Of
Segments
200.
FIGURE 1
Model (A4) > Transient Thermal (A5) > Temperature

9. FIGURE 2
Model (A4) > Transient Thermal (A5) > Convection

10. TABLE 13
Model (A4) > Transient Thermal (A5) > Convection
Steps Time [s] Convection Coefficient [W/mm²·°C] Temperature [°C]
1
0. = 5.e-004 = 30.
20. 5.e-004 30.
FIGURE 3
Model (A4) > Transient Thermal (A5) > Internal Heat Generation
Solution (A6)
TABLE 14
Model (A4) > Transient Thermal (A5) > Solution
Object Name Solution (A6)
State Solved
Adaptive Mesh Refinement
Max Refinement Loops 1.
Refinement Depth 2.
Information
Status Done
Post Processing
Calculate Beam Section Results No
TABLE 15
Model (A4) > Transient Thermal (A5) > Solution (A6) > Solution Information
Object Name Solution Information

11. State Solved
Solution Information
Solution Output Solver Output
Update Interval 2.5 s
Display Points All
FE Connection Visibility
Activate Visibility Yes
Display All FE Connectors
Draw Connections Attached To All Nodes
Line Color Connection Type
Visible on Results No
Line Thickness Single
Display Type Lines
TABLE 16
Model (A4) > Transient Thermal (A5) > Solution (A6) > Solution Information > Result Charts
Object Name Temperature - Global Maximum Temperature - Global Minimum
State Solved
Definition
Type Temperature
Suppressed No
Scope
Scoping Method Global Maximum Global Minimum
Results
Minimum 40. °C 30. °C
Maximum 1101.4 °C 32.125 °C
FIGURE 4
Model (A4) > Transient Thermal (A5) > Solution (A6) > Solution Information > Temperature - Global
Maximum

12. FIGURE 5
Model (A4) > Transient Thermal (A5) > Solution (A6) > Solution Information > Temperature - Global
Minimum

13. TABLE 17
Model (A4) > Transient Thermal (A5) > Solution (A6) > Results
Object Name Temperature Temperature 2 Temperature 3 Temperature 4
State Solved
Scope
Scoping Method Geometry Selection
Geometry 1 Body All Bodies
Definition
Type Temperature
By Time Maximum Over Time
Display Time Last
Calculate Time History Yes
Identifier
Suppressed No
Results
Minimum 584.34 °C 32.125 °C 33.201 °C 32.125 °C
Maximum 819.08 °C 632.29 °C 620.44 °C 1101.4 °C
Minimum Occurs On Bottom Leg
Maximum Occurs On Tip
Minimum Value Over Time
Minimum 31.831 °C 30. °C
Maximum 694.34 °C 32.125 °C 33.201 °C
Maximum Value Over Time
Minimum 35.873 °C 40. °C
Maximum 1101.4 °C 784.99 °C 760.45 °C

14. Information
Time 20. s
Load Step 1
Substep 84
Iteration Number 84
FIGURE 6
Model (A4) > Transient Thermal (A5) > Solution (A6) > Temperature
TABLE 18
Model (A4) > Transient Thermal (A5) > Solution (A6) > Temperature
Time [s] Minimum [°C] Maximum [°C]
1.e-002 31.831 35.873
2.e-002 33.915 41.734
5.e-002 40.495 59.223
0.14 60.865 110.04
0.39 113.16 227.47
0.64 154.9 311.38
0.89 182.89 358.36
1.14 196.81 371.12
1.39 199.03 358.05
1.64 194. 331.52
1.89 187.36 305.53
2.14 184.9 293.15
2.39 191.39 304.18
2.64 209.74 343.38

15. 2.89 240.43 409.61
3.14 281.43 496.19
3.39 328.56 592.15
3.64 376.31 684.34
3.89 418.88 759.95
4.14 451.26 808.96
4.39 470.17 826.
4.64 474.71 811.44
4.89 466.52 771.32
5.14 449.47 716.22
5.39 428.99 659.34
5.64 410.98 614.01
5.89 400.81 591.23
6.14 402.22 597.58
6.39 416.7 634.08
6.64 443.2 695.91
6.89 478.3 773.41
7.14 516.91 853.85
7.39 553.16 923.84
7.64 581.59 971.84
7.89 598.1 990.34
8.14 600.76 977.27
8.39 590.18 936.38
8.64 569.38 876.57
8.89 543.25 810.21
9.14 517.6 750.81
9.39 498.13 710.53
9.64 489.32 697.9
9.89 493.59 716.21
10.14 510.89 762.93
10.39 538.69 829.99
10.64 572.43 905.59
10.89 606.41 976.33
11.14 634.88 1029.7
11.39 653.04 1056.3
11.64 658.03 1051.7
11.89 649.42 1017.4
12.14 629.3 960.28
12.39 601.88 891.6
12.64 572.73 824.72
12.89 547.72 772.6
13.14 531.91 745.45
13.39 528.63 748.84
13.64 538.83 782.48
13.89 560.93 840.36
14.14 591.1 911.96
14.39 623.96 984.2
14.64 653.65 1043.9

16. 14.89 674.85 1080.3
15.14 683.84 1086.6
15.39 679.18 1062.
15.64 661.95 1011.4
15.89 635.6 944.38
16.14 605.26 873.8
16.39 576.81 813.08
16.64 555.76 773.79
16.89 546.22 763.56
17.14 550.14 784.48
17.39 566.94 832.7
17.64 593.62 899.34
17.89 625.31 972.06
18.14 656.21 1037.4
18.39 680.65 1083.3
18.64 694.17 1101.4
18.89 694.34 1088.2
19.14 681.24 1046.4
19.39 657.42 983.86
19.64 627.45 912.47
19.89 597.02 845.69
20. 584.34 819.08
FIGURE 7
Model (A4) > Transient Thermal (A5) > Solution (A6) > Temperature 2

17. TABLE 19
Model (A4) > Transient Thermal (A5) > Solution (A6) > Temperature 2
Time [s] Minimum [°C] Maximum [°C]
1.e-002
30.
40.
2.e-002
5.e-002 47.852
0.14 77.55
0.39 145.33
0.64 194.77
0.89 224.41
1.14 235.64
1.39 232.56
1.64 30.001 221.7
1.89 30.002 210.66
2.14 30.003 206.75
2.39 30.006 215.65
2.64 30.01 240.32
2.89 30.015 280.52
3.14 30.022 332.82
3.39 30.03 391.28
3.64 30.041 448.57
3.89 30.054 497.38
4.14 30.07 531.75
4.39 30.087 548.26
4.64 30.106 546.65
4.89 30.128 529.88
5.14 30.152 503.59
5.39 30.178 475.07
5.64 30.205 451.87
5.89 30.235 440.42
6.14 30.266 444.83
6.39 30.298 466.12
6.64 30.332 502.03
6.89 30.367 547.48
7.14 30.404 595.5
7.39 30.441 638.53
7.64 30.479 669.89
7.89 30.518 684.99
8.14 30.558 682.22
8.39 30.598 663.26
8.64 30.638 632.73
8.89 30.679 597.38
9.14 30.719 564.81
9.39 30.76 542.03
9.64 30.801 534.17
9.89 30.841 543.52
10.14 30.882 569.09
10.39 30.922 606.82
10.64 30.962 650.33

18. 10.89 31.002 692.11
11.14 31.041 724.94
11.39 31.08 743.26
11.64 31.119 744.18
11.89 31.158 728.05
12.14 31.195 698.38
12.39 31.233 661.19
12.64 31.27 623.89
12.89 31.307 593.89
13.14 31.343 577.2
13.39 31.379 577.32
13.64 31.414 594.58
13.89 31.448 626.09
14.14 31.483 666.24
14.39 31.517 707.82
14.64 31.549 743.32
14.89 31.582 766.36
15.14 31.614 772.86
15.39 31.645 761.86
15.64 31.676 735.65
15.89 31.706 699.34
16.14 31.736 659.96
16.39 31.765 625.06
16.64 31.794 601.39
16.89 31.822 593.54
17.14 31.85 603.15
17.39 31.877 628.58
17.64 31.903 665.21
17.89 31.928 706.32
18.14 31.954 744.34
18.39 31.979 772.27
18.64 32.003 784.99
18.89 32.026 780.24
19.14 32.049 759.02
19.39 32.071 725.4
19.64 32.094 685.78
19.89 32.115 647.68
20. 32.125 632.29
FIGURE 8
Model (A4) > Transient Thermal (A5) > Solution (A6) > Temperature 3

19. TABLE 20
Model (A4) > Transient Thermal (A5) > Solution (A6) > Temperature 3
Time [s] Minimum [°C] Maximum [°C]
1.e-002
30.
40.
2.e-002
5.e-002 45.539
0.14 72.346
0.39 135.6
0.64 182.96
0.89 212.42
1.14
30.001
224.62
1.39 223.23
1.64 30.003 214.16
1.89 30.006 204.43
2.14 30.011 200.93
2.39 30.019 209.07
2.64 30.029 231.85
2.89 30.043 269.25
3.14 30.06 318.26
3.39 30.081 373.48
3.64 30.106 428.11
3.89 30.134 475.26
4.14 30.166 509.24
4.39 30.202 526.64
4.64 30.24 526.99

20. 4.89 30.282 512.85
5.14 30.327 489.32
5.39 30.373 463.14
5.64 30.423 441.41
5.89 30.474 430.24
6.14 30.527 433.68
6.39 30.583 452.9
6.64 30.639 486.01
6.89 30.697 528.45
7.14 30.756 573.78
7.39 30.816 614.94
7.64 30.876 645.59
7.89 30.938 661.26
8.14 30.998 660.23
8.39 31.06 643.82
8.64 31.121 616.19
8.89 31.182 583.53
9.14 31.243 552.93
9.39 31.303 531.01
9.64 31.363 522.75
9.89 31.422 530.51
10.14 31.482 553.58
10.39 31.54 588.37
10.64 31.598 629.05
10.89 31.655 668.63
11.14 31.712 700.31
11.39 31.768 718.73
11.64 31.823 720.98
11.89 31.878 707.16
12.14 31.932 680.34
12.39 31.985 646.01
12.64 32.038 611.05
12.89 32.089 582.41
13.14 32.14 565.86
13.39 32.19 564.86
13.64 32.239 579.95
13.89 32.287 608.65
14.14 32.335 645.88
14.39 32.381 684.96
14.64 32.427 718.86
14.89 32.472 741.49
15.14 32.516 748.86
15.39 32.559 739.84
15.64 32.601 716.33
15.89 32.643 682.96
16.14 32.684 646.18
16.39 32.723 613.09
16.64 32.762 590.06

21. 16.89 32.8 581.59
17.14 32.837 589.42
17.39 32.874 612.24
17.64 32.909 645.93
17.89 32.943 684.32
18.14 32.976 720.33
18.39 33.009 747.36
18.64 33.042 760.45
18.89 33.073 757.27
19.14 33.103 738.52
19.39 33.132 707.81
19.64 33.161 671.
19.89 33.189 635.08
20. 33.201 620.44
TABLE 21
Model (A4) > Transient Thermal (A5) > Solution (A6) > Probes
Object Name Reaction Probe Reaction Probe 2
State Solved
Definition
Type Reaction
Location Method Boundary Condition
Boundary Condition Temperature Convection
Suppressed No
Options
Display Time End Time
Results
Heat 1.107 W -144.45 W
Maximum Value Over Time
Heat 17.05 W -0.65056 W
Minimum Value Over Time
Heat 1.107 W -170.64 W
Information
Time 20. s
Load Step 1
Substep 84
Iteration Number 84
FIGURE 9
Model (A4) > Transient Thermal (A5) > Solution (A6) > Reaction Probe

22. TABLE 22
Model (A4) > Transient Thermal (A5) > Solution (A6) > Reaction Probe
Time [s] Reaction Probe [W]
1.e-002 17.05
2.e-002 12.005
5.e-002 7.69
0.14 4.7071
0.39 2.9323
0.64 2.2803
0.89 1.9545
1.14 1.7608
1.39 1.6328
1.64 1.5422
1.89 1.4749
2.14 1.4231
2.39 1.3823
2.64 1.3493
2.89 1.3223
3.14 1.2999
3.39 1.281
3.64 1.265
3.89 1.2513
4.14 1.2394
4.39 1.2292
4.64 1.2202

23. 4.89 1.2124
5.14 1.2054
5.39 1.1993
5.64 1.1939
5.89 1.189
6.14 1.1847
6.39 1.1808
6.64 1.1773
6.89 1.1741
7.14 1.1712
7.39 1.1686
7.64 1.1662
7.89 1.164
8.14 1.162
8.39 1.1601
8.64 1.1584
8.89 1.1568
9.14 1.1552
9.39 1.1538
9.64 1.1524
9.89 1.1511
10.14 1.1499
10.39 1.1487
10.64 1.1475
10.89 1.1464
11.14 1.1453
11.39 1.1442
11.64 1.1431
11.89 1.142
12.14 1.141
12.39 1.1399
12.64 1.1389
12.89 1.1378
13.14 1.1367
13.39 1.1357
13.64 1.1346
13.89 1.1335
14.14 1.1325
14.39 1.1314
14.64 1.1303
14.89 1.1292
15.14 1.1281
15.39 1.127
15.64 1.1259
15.89 1.1248
16.14 1.1237
16.39 1.1226
16.64 1.1215

24. 16.89 1.1204
17.14 1.1193
17.39 1.1182
17.64 1.1171
17.89 1.116
18.14 1.1149
18.39 1.1138
18.64 1.1127
18.89 1.1116
19.14 1.1106
19.39 1.1095
19.64 1.1085
19.89 1.1075
20. 1.107
FIGURE 10
Model (A4) > Transient Thermal (A5) > Solution (A6) > Reaction Probe 2
TABLE 23
Model (A4) > Transient Thermal (A5) > Solution (A6) > Reaction Probe 2
Time [s] Reaction Probe 2 [W]
1.e-002 -0.65056
2.e-002 -1.2726
5.e-002 -3.0964
0.14 -8.3536
0.39 -20.839

25. 0.64 -30.314
0.89 -36.34
1.14 -39.051
1.39 -39.142
1.64 -37.743
1.89 -36.21
2.14 -35.875
2.39 -37.798
2.64 -42.57
2.89 -50.205
3.14 -60.141
3.39 -71.343
3.64 -82.502
3.89 -92.281
4.14 -99.568
4.39 -103.68
4.64 -104.51
4.89 -102.53
5.14 -98.691
5.39 -94.298
5.64 -90.713
5.89 -89.127
6.14 -90.331
6.39 -94.573
6.64 -101.51
6.89 -110.27
7.14 -119.62
7.39 -128.2
7.64 -134.79
7.89 -138.49
8.14 -138.95
8.39 -136.43
8.64 -131.68
8.89 -125.91
9.14 -120.48
9.39 -116.66
9.64 -115.44
9.89 -117.28
10.14 -122.08
10.39 -129.16
10.64 -137.4
10.89 -145.46
11.14 -152.03
11.39 -156.06
11.64 -156.97
11.89 -154.75
12.14 -149.99
12.39 -143.73

26. 12.64 -137.28
12.89 -132.
13.14 -129.
13.39 -128.98
13.64 -132.06
13.89 -137.78
14.14 -145.17
14.39 -152.96
14.64 -159.78
14.89 -164.46
15.14 -166.2
15.39 -164.77
15.64 -160.52
15.89 -154.33
16.14 -147.42
16.39 -141.16
16.64 -136.81
16.89 -135.23
17.14 -136.79
17.39 -141.25
17.64 -147.83
17.89 -155.36
18.14 -162.47
18.39 -167.89
18.64 -170.64
18.89 -170.25
19.14 -166.84
19.39 -161.09
19.64 -154.11
19.89 -147.25
20. -144.45
Chart
FIGURE 11
Model (A4) > Chart

27. TABLE 24
Model (A4) > Chart
Steps Time [s] [A] Internal Heat Generation [W/mm³] [B] Reaction Probe [W] [C] Reaction Probe 2 [W]
1
0. 2.
1.e-002 17.05 -0.65056
2.e-002 12.005 -1.2726
5.e-002 7.69 -3.0964
0.1 1.9848
0.14 4.7071 -8.3536
0.2 1.9397
0.3 1.866
0.39 2.9323 -20.839
0.4 1.766
0.5 1.6428
0.6 1.5
0.64 2.2803 -30.314
0.7 1.342
0.8 1.1736
0.89 1.9545 -36.34
0.9 1.
1. 0.82635
1.1 0.65798
1.14 1.7608 -39.051
1.2 0.5
1.3 0.35721

28. 1.39 1.6328 -39.142
1.4 0.23396
1.5 0.13397
1.6 6.0307e-002
1.64 1.5422 -37.743
1.7 1.5192e-002
1.8 0.
1.89 1.4749 -36.21
1.9 1.5192e-002
2. 6.0307e-002
2.1 0.13397
2.14 1.4231 -35.875
2.2 0.23396
2.3 0.35721
2.39 1.3823 -37.798
2.4 0.5
2.5 0.65798
2.6 0.82635
2.64 1.3493 -42.57
2.7 1.
2.8 1.1736
2.89 1.3223 -50.205
2.9 1.342
3. 1.5
3.1 1.6428
3.14 1.2999 -60.141
3.2 1.766
3.3 1.866
3.39 1.281 -71.343
3.4 1.9397
3.5 1.9848
3.6 2.
3.64 1.265 -82.502
3.7 1.9848
3.8 1.9397
3.89 1.2513 -92.281
3.9 1.866
4. 1.766
4.1 1.6428
4.14 1.2394 -99.568
4.2 1.5
4.3 1.342
4.39 1.2292 -103.68
4.4 1.1736
4.5 1.
4.6 0.82635
4.64 1.2202 -104.51
4.7 0.65798

29. 4.8 0.5
4.89 1.2124 -102.53
4.9 0.35721
5. 0.23396
5.1 0.13397
5.14 1.2054 -98.691
5.2 6.0307e-002
5.3 1.5192e-002
5.39 1.1993 -94.298
5.4 0.
5.5 1.5192e-002
5.6 6.0307e-002
5.64 1.1939 -90.713
5.7 0.13397
5.8 0.23396
5.89 1.189 -89.127
5.9 0.35721
6. 0.5
6.1 0.65798
6.14 1.1847 -90.331
6.2 0.82635
6.3 1.
6.39 1.1808 -94.573
6.4 1.1736
6.5 1.342
6.6 1.5
6.64 1.1773 -101.51
6.7 1.6428
6.8 1.766
6.89 1.1741 -110.27
6.9 1.866
7. 1.9397
7.1 1.9848
7.14 1.1712 -119.62
7.2 2.
7.3 1.9848
7.39 1.1686 -128.2
7.4 1.9397
7.5 1.866
7.6 1.766
7.64 1.1662 -134.79
7.7 1.6428
7.8 1.5
7.89 1.164 -138.49
7.9 1.342
8. 1.1736
8.1 1.
8.14 1.162 -138.95

30. 8.2 0.82635
8.3 0.65798
8.39 1.1601 -136.43
8.4 0.5
8.5 0.35721
8.6 0.23396
8.64 1.1584 -131.68
8.7 0.13397
8.8 6.0307e-002
8.89 1.1568 -125.91
8.9 1.5192e-002
9. 0.
9.1 1.5192e-002
9.14 1.1552 -120.48
9.2 6.0307e-002
9.3 0.13397
9.39 1.1538 -116.66
9.4 0.23396
9.5 0.35721
9.6 0.5
9.64 1.1524 -115.44
9.7 0.65798
9.8 0.82635
9.89 1.1511 -117.28
9.9 1.
10. 1.1736
10.1 1.342
10.14 1.1499 -122.08
10.2 1.5
10.3 1.6428
10.39 1.1487 -129.16
10.4 1.766
10.5 1.866
10.6 1.9397
10.64 1.1475 -137.4
10.7 1.9848
10.8 2.
10.89 1.1464 -145.46
10.9 1.9848
11. 1.9397
11.1 1.866
11.14 1.1453 -152.03
11.2 1.766
11.3 1.6428
11.39 1.1442 -156.06
11.4 1.5
11.5 1.342
11.6 1.1736

31. 11.64 1.1431 -156.97
11.7 1.
11.8 0.82635
11.89 1.142 -154.75
11.9 0.65798
12. 0.5
12.1 0.35721
12.14 1.141 -149.99
12.2 0.23396
12.3 0.13397
12.39 1.1399 -143.73
12.4 6.0307e-002
12.5 1.5192e-002
12.6 0.
12.64 1.1389 -137.28
12.7 1.5192e-002
12.8 6.0307e-002
12.89 1.1378 -132.
12.9 0.13397
13. 0.23396
13.1 0.35721
13.14 1.1367 -129.
13.2 0.5
13.3 0.65798
13.39 1.1357 -128.98
13.4 0.82635
13.5 1.
13.6 1.1736
13.64 1.1346 -132.06
13.7 1.342
13.8 1.5
13.89 1.1335 -137.78
13.9 1.6428
14. 1.766
14.1 1.866
14.14 1.1325 -145.17
14.2 1.9397
14.3 1.9848
14.39 1.1314 -152.96
14.4 2.
14.5 1.9848
14.6 1.9397
14.64 1.1303 -159.78
14.7 1.866
14.8 1.766
14.89 1.1292 -164.46
14.9 1.6428
15. 1.5

32. 15.1 1.342
15.14 1.1281 -166.2
15.2 1.1736
15.3 1.
15.39 1.127 -164.77
15.4 0.82635
15.5 0.65798
15.6 0.5
15.64 1.1259 -160.52
15.7 0.35721
15.8 0.23396
15.89 1.1248 -154.33
15.9 0.13397
16. 6.0307e-002
16.1 1.5192e-002
16.14 1.1237 -147.42
16.2 0.
16.3 1.5192e-002
16.39 1.1226 -141.16
16.4 6.0307e-002
16.5 0.13397
16.6 0.23396
16.64 1.1215 -136.81
16.7 0.35721
16.8 0.5
16.89 1.1204 -135.23
16.9 0.65798
17. 0.82635
17.1 1.
17.14 1.1193 -136.79
17.2 1.1736
17.3 1.342
17.39 1.1182 -141.25
17.4 1.5
17.5 1.6428
17.6 1.766
17.64 1.1171 -147.83
17.7 1.866
17.8 1.9397
17.89 1.116 -155.36
17.9 1.9848
18. 2.
18.1 1.9848
18.14 1.1149 -162.47
18.2 1.9397
18.3 1.866
18.39 1.1138 -167.89
18.4 1.766

33. 18.5 1.6428
18.6 1.5
18.64 1.1127 -170.64
18.7 1.342
18.8 1.1736
18.89 1.1116 -170.25
18.9 1.
19. 0.82635
19.1 0.65798
19.14 1.1106 -166.84
19.2 0.5
19.3 0.35721
19.39 1.1095 -161.09
19.4 0.23396
19.5 0.13397
19.6 6.0307e-002
19.64 1.1085 -154.11
19.7 1.5192e-002
19.8 0.
19.89 1.1075 -147.25
19.9 1.5192e-002
20. 6.0307e-002 1.107 -144.45
Material Data
Structural Steel
TABLE 25
Structural Steel > Constants
Density 7.85e-006 kg mm^-3
Coefficient of Thermal Expansion 1.2e-005 C^-1
Specific Heat 4.34e+005 mJ kg^-1 C^-1
Thermal Conductivity 6.05e-002 W mm^-1 C^-1
Resistivity 1.7e-004 ohm mm
TABLE 26
Structural Steel > Compressive Ultimate Strength
Compressive Ultimate Strength MPa
0
TABLE 27
Structural Steel > Compressive Yield Strength
Compressive Yield Strength MPa
250
TABLE 28
Structural Steel > Tensile Yield Strength
Tensile Yield Strength MPa

34. 250
TABLE 29
Structural Steel > Tensile Ultimate Strength
Tensile Ultimate Strength MPa
460
TABLE 30
Structural Steel > Isotropic Secant Coefficient of Thermal Expansion
Reference Temperature C
22
TABLE 31
Structural Steel > Alternating Stress Mean Stress
Alternating Stress MPa Cycles Mean Stress MPa
3999 10 0
2827 20 0
1896 50 0
1413 100 0
1069 200 0
441 2000 0
262 10000 0
214 20000 0
138 1.e+005 0
114 2.e+005 0
86.2 1.e+006 0
TABLE 32
Structural Steel > Strain-Life Parameters
Strength
Coefficient MPa
Strength
Exponent
Ductility
Coefficient
Ductility
Exponent
Cyclic Strength
Coefficient MPa
Cyclic Strain
Hardening Exponent
920 -0.106 0.213 -0.47 1000 0.2
TABLE 33
Structural Steel > Isotropic Elasticity
Temperature C Young's Modulus MPa Poisson's Ratio Bulk Modulus MPa Shear Modulus MPa
2.e+005 0.3 1.6667e+005 76923
TABLE 34
Structural Steel > Isotropic Relative Permeability
Relative Permeability
10000