1. SUBMITED BY
Hardik Jadam
Bachelors of Computer Application II YEAR
Dezyne E´cole College
www.dezyneecole.com
INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY
PROJECT REPORT
ON
SMART CITY
HTML/CSS
2. Project Report
On
HTML/CSS
At
Dezyne E´cole College
Ajmer
Submitted to
Dezyne E´cole College
Towards the
Partial Fulfillment on
Bachelors of Computer Application
By
Hardik Jadam
Dezyne E´cole College
106/10 Civil Line, Ajmer
Tel – 0145-2624679
Www.dezyneecole.com
2016
3. Acknowledgement
I HARDIK JADAM, STUDENT ON DEZYNE E´COLE COLLEGE, AN
EXTREMELY GRATEFUL TO EACH AND EVERY INDIVIDUAL. WHO HAS
CONTRIBUTED IN SUCCESSFUL COMPLETION OF MY PROJECT.
I EXPRESS MY GRATITUDE TOWARDS DEZYNE E ´COLE COLLEGE FOR
THEIR GUIDANCE AND CONTRAST SUPERVISION AS WELL AS FOR
PROVIDING THE NECESSARY INFORMATION AND SUPPORT
REGARDING THE COMPLETION OF PROJECT.
THANK YOU
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Index Page:
<html>
<head>
<style>
a{text-decoration:none;}
</style>
<link href="CSS/style.css" rel="stylesheet" type="text/css">
</head>
<body>
<div style="overflow:hidden;">
<div class="header" id="header">
<div class="container">
<figure class="logo animated fadeInDown delay-0.3s">
<a href="#"><img src="images/logo.png" alt=""></a>
</figure>
<h1 class="animated fadeInDown delay-50s">Welcome to Smart City</h1>
<ul class="we-create animated fadeInUp delay-1s">
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</ul>
<a class="link animated fadeInUp delay-60s"
href="whatsmart.html">WELCOME</a>
</div>
</div>
</div>
</body>
</html>
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<html>
<head>
<link href="CSSstyle2.css" rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" />
<link href="CSSheader.css" rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" />
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</head>
<body>
<div id="cont">
<div id="header">SMART CITY</div>
<ul id="menu">
<li id="mm1"><a href="index.html">HOME</a></li>
<li id="mm1"><a href="#">SMART CITY</a>
<ul id="mm2">
<li id="mm3"><a href="whatsmart.html">What is Smart City?</a></li>
<li id="mm3"><a href="why smart city.html">Why Smart City?</a></li>
<li id="mm3"><a href="benefits.html">Benefits of Smart City?</a></li>
</ul>
</li>
<li id="mm1">
<a href="gallery.html">GALLERY</a>
</li>
<li id="mm1"><a href="about.html">ABOUT US</a></li>
<li id="mm1"><a href="contact.html">CONTACT US</a></li>
</ul>
<div id="box">
<div id="box1">What's Smart City</div>
<p id="bax">As India's population continues to grow, more citizens will move to
cities. Experts predict that about 25-30 people will migrate every minute to major
Indian cities from rural areas in search of better livelihood and better lifestyles. It is
estimated that by the year 2050, the number of people living in Indian cities will touch
843 million.To accommodate this massive urbanization, India needs to _develop
more smarter ways to manage complexities, Reduce expenses, increase efficiency
and improve the quality of life. India plans 100 new smart cities and will develop
modern satellite towns around existing cities under the smart city programme.
Government of India has allocated ` 70.6 billion (USD 1.2 billion) for Smart Cities in
Budget 2014-15
<br><br><br>
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<span id="bax1">Mention "smart cities" to people and the first questions they ask
are: "What is a smart city?" and "Where is the smartest one?"</span><br><br><br>
Smart means different things to different cities. For some, it may be finding ways to
relieve pollution or congestion - using sensors and data analysis. For others, it is
more about finding ways to make cities greener Some cities have been built with
smartness in mind, such as Songdo in South Korea, which has hi-tech plumbed into
its infrastructure, or green city Masdar in the United Arab Emirates.
Even cities in some of the least technically advanced areas of the world have plan to
monitor urbanisation example in Dar es Salaam with apps such as Open Street Map,
or the smart slum being developed in Stellenbosch, outside Cape Town, which is
powering homes with roof-mounted solar panels and allowing people to purchase
electricity though their mobile phones.
The UK is keen not only to build smarter cities but to become a world leader in
smart-city technology. Half of the money in Rio de Janeiro has already been spent
on building an operation centre, a room filled with screens monitored by the police,
traffic authorities and emergency services. Helping to solve crime is very important to
a city that has more than its fair share of anti-social behaviour.
It has upgraded its CCTV system with 400 high-resolution cameras and plans to
plough money into research around how big data can be used to predict crime. It is
also investing in intelligent lighting that, as well as helping cut the city's large energy
bill, will be linked to security cameras to light up areas in which trouble is breaking
out. It wants to use some of the money to open up a range of city data that people
can access via an online dashboard and has created a My Glasgow smartphone app
that allows residents to report problems such as uncollected bin and potholes.</p>
<div id="sa"><img src="imagess.png" height="50%" width="30%"/></div>
<img src="imagessmartbuilding.png" height="2%" width="5%"
style="position:absolute;margin:0.5% 0 0 6%;"/>
<div id="sa1">Smart Buliding</div>
<div id="h3">
<ul type="square"> <li>The government of India needs to develop 110 million
housing units to achieve the vision of "housing for all by 2022". Encouraging private
sector participation in urban affordable housing could help achieve this vision
<li>Current annual investments in the housing sector are about US$ 120 billion, and
are expected to be around US$ 2 trillion by 2022, translating to about US$ 250 billion
annually
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<li>More than 2,771 green buildings projects are registered with the Indian Green
Building Council (as on August 2014) with a footprint of over 2.23 billion sq ft (IGBC)
<li>Buildings in India consume around 40 percent of total energy generated, and 20
per cent of water (Centre for Science and Environment)
<li>Buildings in India generate 40 percent of the carbon emissions, 30 per cent of
solid waste, and 20 per cent of water effluents (Centre for Science and Environment)
<li>It is estimated that India can save around US$ 42 billion every year with efficient
management of lighting, heating, air-conditioning, etc. (McKinsey & Company)
<li>Smart building technologies reduce maintenance costs by 10-30 percent, and
enhance occupant's comfort, health and safety Green roofs are now mandatory for
new buildings in Copenhagen and so also we need to get one in India With the use
of Hydroponic farming.</ul></div>
<img src="imagesenergy_water.gif" height="1.8%" width="5.4%"
style="position:absolute;margin:0.5% 0 0 6%;"/>
<div id="sa1">Smart Grid Energy</div>
<p id="h3">India operates the 3rd largest transmission and distribution electricity
network in the world, yet faces a number of challenges including, inadequate access
to electricity, supply shortfalls, huge losses, reliability and theft. The evolution
towards smart grid will address these issues and transform the existing network into
a more efficient, safe and reliable grid that would provide electricity access to all.
India is mainly dependent on coal to produce electricity, which is also the main
source of greenhouse gases, causing global warming. Therefore, the need to focus
on more efficient use of coal or alternate fuels and renewable energy.
Implementation of smart meters will allow utility companies to collect and analyse
data from every meter, to ensure accurate billing. It is estimated that India will install
130 million smart meters by 2021.
The smart grid technology allows people to use electricity during off peak times at
reduced rates and utilize this power for the industries during peak time of the day
.People who generate the solar power in their houses can also sell this extra energy
to the grid .The system will ensure no power cuts and if so can be detected very
easily by the smart grid .The sensors used in the system will also save people from
hazards of electricity .Use of Led lights should be ensured by the houses too as
these are long lasting ,no heat generation and consumes less electricity too,further
more they are easy to dispose off in nature without any harm.
Central and state governments could implement new energy laws, compliance
structures, training programmes and offer incentives for efficiency projects.</p>
<img src="imagessmarter_government.gif" height="2%" width="5%"
style="position:absolute;margin:0% 0 0 6%;"/>
<div id="sa1">Smart Governance</div>
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<div id="h3" >
<p>Smart cities are those where the quality of governance is enhanced with the
integration of applications and data centres through the use of IT and
communications.</p>
<p>Smart governance is a process of reform in the way government works, and
shares information with the public to deliver services. This brings government
organizations closer to the public by using technology such as e-services, social
media, applications and other platforms. It is about improved governance and
transforming the ways that public services are delivered.</p>
<p>Government departments will examine excellence in smart services, and will find
ways to offer efficient services to the public. Complaints and suggestions cannot be
ignored and must be dealt in a timely and professional manner. Feedback is the key
to develop, implement and improve government services as it creates a
communication channel between the public.</p>
<p>The citizens, residents and everyone involved are benefited and it is a win-win
situation for everyone.</p>
<p>City mayors or municipal commissioners or city development authorities will play
a pivotal role in implementing of reforms in the smart cities.</p>
<p>When sharing the views with the government for smart governance ,the
government should have a very transparent system of operations and
There should be pre-defined groups to which users can selectively subscribe to. The
objective of each group is to bring positive changes to the relevant area with people's
participation. In each groups, users are provided with 2 domains, 'Do' and 'Discuss'.
</p>
<p>The 'Do' section includes both online and on-ground tasks for which contributors
may assign themselves. </p>
<p>The 'discuss' section may be used for discussing different relevant issues
affecting the nation. It may also used for providing vital informations regarding the
topic and also suggest and propose new ideas. The users are also awarded activity
points based upon their individual contributions.</p>
<p>The groups are
<ul type="square">
<li>Caring for the specially-able<br>
<li>Clean Ganga<br>
<li>Digital India<br>
<li>Girl Child Education<br>
<li>Green India<br>
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<li>Incredible India!<br>
<li>Job Creation<br>
<li>Expenditure Management Commission<br>
<li>Manual Scavenging-Free India<br>
<li>Saansad Adarsh Gram Yojana<br>
<li>Skill Development<br>
<li>Swachh Bharat<br>
<li>Watershed Management<br>
</ul>
The National Informatics Centre (NIC) and Department of Electronics and
Information Technology (DeitY) would implement and manage the platform, which
would facilitate 'citizen engagement in good governance'.</p>
</div>
<img src="imagessmarter_transportation.gif" height="2%" width="5%"
style="position:absolute;margin:0% 0 0 6%;"/>
<div id="sa1">Smart Transportation</div>
<div id="h3">
<p>No one enjoys clogged cities with overcrowded vehicular population (with its
attendant pollution), or with metro or local train systems bursting at the seams. For
example:</p>
<ul type="square">
<li>Mumbai suburban railways carry 7.5 million commuters per day, which is the
highest passenger density, and most intensively utilised system in the world</li>
<li>Delhi Metro has an average daily ridership of 2.5 million commuters</li>
<li>Chennai city buses carry 5 million passengers per day</li>
<li>Mumbai buses carry 4.8 million passengers per day</li>
<li>New Delhi has the largest vehicular population in the country, with more than 7.5
million registered cars, and 1,400 new cars added to city roads every day.</li></ul>
<p>Urban transportation is an important element for smart cities. Hence, the need to
review city transportation systems in India (including metros, BRT's, monorail, trams,
waterways, walkways, bicycle tracks, etc.), to provide new and enhanced
infrastructure for public transportation. </p>
<p>EVs / HEVs, with infrastructure for recharging electric vehicles, and battery
storage is expected to play a role in improving the quality of life in Indian cities.
Fiscal incentives could encourage faster development in cities. To encourage the
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use of EV's, the government has launched a National Mission on Electric Mobility,
with a target of 6 million electric vehicles by 2020. Electric vehicle charging stations
in urban areas, and along state and national highways are to be introduced by
2027.</p>
<p>The use of bio-fuels is being encouraged with an ethanol-blending program
(ethanol with petrol) to curb India's oil imports. In future cars using fossil fuel like
petrol and diesel will be too expensive to buy and electric vehicles will become easy
to buy,so also people will be encouraged not to buy personal vehicles but hire when
they need ,to lower the traffic of vehicles on the street.</p>
<p>The interstate railway networks on existing routes are to be improved; and high
speed rail facilities will be introduced on important routes.</p>
</div>
<img src="imagessmarter_enterprise.gif" height="1.5%" width="5%"
style="position:absolute;margin:1% 0 0 6%;"/>
<div id="sa1">Smart IT & Communication</div>
<div id="h3">
<ul type="square">
<li>India ranks 122 in the world for fixed broadband penetration, with only 1.1 per
100 inhabitants having access to fixed broadband. (Source: The Broadband
Commission)</li>
<li>India ranks 106 in the world for mobile broadband penetration, with only 4.9 per
100 inhabitants having access to mobile broadband (Source: The Broadband
Commission)</li>
<li>India has around 243 million internet users, with 70 percent accessing the
Internet through mobile phones and tablets, and the rest through desktops and
laptop computers</li>
<li>India has around 933 telecom subscribers: 59 percent urban and 41 rural
(Source: Telecom Regulatory Authority of India)</li>
<li>Despite being Facebook's second largest market worldwide, social media
penetration in India remains at just 8 per cent or 106 million active users</li>
<li>India's average Internet speed is 1.5 Mbps, the lowest among Asia Pacific region.
Only 4.9 per cent of Indians have access to speed higher than 4 Mbps. (Source:
Akamai Technologies)</li></ul>
<p>The governments and residents are starting to recognize the role of technology
in meeting objectives and to make cities more efficient. IT and communications
technology will be a key component of the investments allocated by the
Governments to build smart cities. </p>
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}
#footerdat { width:80%;
text-align:center;
margin-left:10%;
padding-top:10px;
font-family:century Gothic;}
</style>
</head>
<body>
<div id="header">SMART CITY</div>
<ul id="menu">
<li id="mm1"><a href="index.html">HOME</a></li>
<li id="mm1"><a href="#">SMART CITY</a>
<ul id="mm2">
<li id="mm3"><a href="whatsmart.html">What is Smart City?</a></li>
<li id="mm3"><a href="why smart city.html">Why Smart City?</a></li>
<li id="mm3"><a href="benefits.html">Benefits of Smart City?</a></li>
</ul>
</li>
<li id="mm1">
<a href="gallery.html">GALLERY</a>
</li>
<li id="mm1"><a href="about.html">ABOUT US</a></li>
<li id="mm1"><a href="contact.html">CONTACT US</a></li>
</ul>
<div id="cont">
<div id="box">
<div id="box1">Why Smart City?</div>
<Div id="bax">The global environment in which people live and people's thinking and
values about their way of life are undergoing significant changes. If people and the
Earth are both changing, then surely the cities that link them together must also
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change. Here, we discuss the smart city in terms of global environmental change
and changing lifestyle.<br>
<UL>
<li>Global environmental change</li>
<li>Changing lifestyles</li>
</UL><br>
One factor behind the need for smart cities is the international call for action in
response to changes in the global and urban environments. The world in which
people live is being changed by resource depletion, urban issues, and other
problems brought about by climate change and increases in the size and
concentration of population.</div>
<div id="sa1">Climate Change on a Global Scale</div>
<div id="bax">An international Consensus is Emerging on the creation of a Low-
carbon Society Not only does global-scale climate change impact ecosystems, it also
represents a major risk to all modern society, including secondary damage such as
the impact on economic activity due to more severe weather events and natural
disasters, and inundation due to rises in sea level.<br><br>
The global warming caused by the emission of greenhouse gases such as carbon
dioxide (CO2) and methane by industrial activity has been identified as a major
factor in climate change. The creation of a low-carbon society has become an
international consensus and represents one of the most important challenges facing
the development of new cities.</div>
<div id="sa1">Population Increase and Resource Depletion</div>
<div id="bax" >
Rapid population increase and Economic Progress are Factors behind Problems
such as Resource Depletion and imbalances between Supply and Demand<br><br>
According to the United Nations Population Fund (UNFPA), the world's population
reached 7 billion in late October 2011, and is forecast to reach 9.3 billion in 2050. It
is also anticipated that populations will continue to increase in emerging economies,
most of which are located in Africa or Asia, which has been experiencing rapid
economic growth in recent years.<br><br>
This rapid population increase and the development of economic activity are driving
accelerating growth in resource consumption, giving urgency to the issue of natural
resource depletion, including fossil fuels. In terms of water resources, many areas
around the world already suffer from supply shortages and this makes the regional
imbalance between supply and demand a major problem. Other urgent issues
include the provision of sanitation and the safety of drinking water, both of which
have a direct impact on daily life.<br><br>
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<div id="bax">The Jawaharlal Nehru National Urban Renewal Mission, which was
launched in 2005, had almost 40 per cent of its work incomplete at the time of its
closure on March 31 this year.
With increasing urbanisation and the load on rural land, the government has now
realised the need for cities that can cope with the challenges of urban living and also
be magnets for investment. The announcement of "100 smart cities" falls in line with
this vision. Then comes the concept of smart city.</div>
<div id="sa1">What it is all about</div>
<div id="bax">The term encompasses a vision of an urban space that is ecologically
friendly, technologically integrated and meticulously planned, with a particular
reliance on the use of information technology to improve efficiency.<br><br>
In a smart city, economic development and activity is sustainable and rationally
incremental by virtue of being based on success-oriented market drivers such as
supply and demand. They benefit everybody, including citizens, businesses, the
government and the environment.
According to the Smart Cities Council a real time information should be made that
will collect all the data that is collected from sensors - electricity, gas, water, traffic
and other government analytics - is carefully compiled and integrated into a smart
grid and then fed into computers that can focus on making the city as efficient as
possible.</div>
<div id="sa1">Why do we need them Urbanisation</div>
<div id="bax">It has not only a few hours of water supply a day, or electricity that
goes off for several hours, or streets littered with garbage. The general appearance
of the city has to be pleasing and clean.It would make our tourist sector more
attractive and it will lead to earn more dollars.
It will create more jobs for the unemployed youth of India.</div>
<div id="sa1">Who will invest</div>
<div id="bax">It is a Public private partnership project where large part of the
investment will come from private sector and the state and central government will
supplement this effort.
Central government and the Finance Minister Arun Jaitley had promised allocation
of a sum of Rs.7,060 crore for the development of the smart cities.</div>
</div>
</div>
<div> </div><br>
<div id="footerhom">