4. DEFINITION:
In grammar, parallelism, also known as parallel structure or parallel construction, is a balance
within one or more sentences of similar phrases or clauses that have the same grammatical structure.
The application of parallelism affects readability and may make texts easier to process.
Parallelism may be accompanied by other figures of speech such as antithesis, anaphora, asyndeton,
climax, epistrophe, and symploce.
5. EXAMPLE:
Lacking parallelism Parallel
"She likes cooking, jogging, and to read." "She likes cooking, jogging, and reading."
"She likes to cook, jog, and read."
"He likes baseball and running." "He likes playing baseball and running."
"He likes to play baseball and to run."
"The dog ran across the yard, jumped over
the fence, and sprinted away.
"The dog ran across the yard, jumped over
the fence, and sprinted down the alley."
6. Question: 01
Identifying Non-Parallel Elements In each of the following lists, one element does
not fit with the others. Underline the non-parallel element.
Example: a) a large building b) a huge park c) a relative of mine
a) on the footpath b) under the tree c) my office
Answer: C
7. Question: 02
Identifying Non-Parallel Elements In each of the following lists, one element does
not fit with the others. Underline the non-parallel element.
a) a burger b) a sandwich c) lots of fun
Answer: C
8. Question: 03
Identifying Non-Parallel Elements In each of the following lists, one element does
not fit with the others. Underline the non-parallel element.
a) easily b) carefully c) without looking
Answer:C
9. Question: 04
Choose the correct phrase
In her candid autobiography, the author discusses her early years, her desire to become an
actress, and how she made her debut on the stage.
a.to become an actress, and how she made
b.that she become an actress, and how she made
c.to become an actress, and
d.that she become an actress, and Answer:C
10. Question: 05
True inspiration should come not only from outside but it should also come from within.
A. it should also come from within.
B. it should come from within also.
C. also should it come from within.
D. from within also.
.
Answer:D
11. Question: 06
Jerusalem, the holy site known to Jews as the Temple Mount and as Haram al-Sharif to
Muslims (Noble Sanctuary), has unfortunately become the epicentre of controversy.
A. .as Haram al-Sharif to muslims
B. known to muslims as Haram al-Sharif
C. to muslims as Haram al-Sharif
D. which is known as Haram al-Sharif to muslims
Answer: C
12. Question: 07
The fundamental changes in the economic sphere of Mexico resulted from The Mexican
Revolution of 1910 and instigating new legislation, brought protection to workers and
ownership rights of petroleum, water and subsoil minerals to the state.
A. and instigating
B. but instigating
C. and instigated
D. though instigated
Answer: C
13. Question: 08
Betsy loves summertime when she swims, plays tennis, and is making friends.
A. and is making friends.
B. and makes friends.
C. and is able to be making friends.
D. and friends are made.
Answer: B
14. Question: 09
The activism of state citizens, who have demanded safer road conditions as well as stiffer
penalties for intoxicated drivers, have lead to a significant decrease in the number of traffic
accidents.
A. have lead to a significant decrease in the number
B. have lead to significant decreases in the number
C. has lead to a significant decrease in the number
D. has been significant in the decrease in the number
Answer: C
15. Question: 10
States now have an incentive to lower the blood alcohol level that constitutes drunk driving by
a federal law that withholds highway funds from those states that don't enforce the applicable
standard.
A. that constitutes drunk driving by a federal law that withholds
B. that constitutes drunk driving, because a federal law withholds
C. that constitutes drunk driving, because a federal law withheld
D. which constitutes drunk driving by a federal law that withholds
Answer: B
16. Question: 11
Unlike other primates, which are born with fully formed craniums, a newborn human baby's
cranium consists of eight bones that take years to fuse together fully, allowing the brain to
grow much larger during those early years.
A. fully formed craniums, a newborn human baby's cranium
B. fully formed craniums, a newborn human babies have craniums that
C. a fully formed cranium, a human baby's cranium
D. fully formed craniums, a human is born with a cranium that
Answer: D
17. Question: 12
With a boiling temperature of -195.8 degrees Celsius, nitrogen composes approximately 78
percent of the volume of the atmosphere.
A. nitrogen composes approximately 78 percent of the volume of the atmosphere
B. nitrogen is composing the volume of 78 percent of the atmosphere
C. the atmosphere is approximately 78 percent nitrogen, as measured by volume
D. nitrogen is composed of 78 percent of the atmosphere's volume
Answer:A
18. Question: 13
Because women buy approximately 80 percent of ties sold in the United States, they are often
displayed near perfume or women's clothing departments.
A. they are often displayed
B. ties are often being displayed
C. the displaying of ties is often
D. ties are often displayed
Answer:D
19. Question: 14
Answer: B
Recently, hopes that the European Central Bank will reach a deal to help Spain and
Italy borrow at cheaper rates has nudged financial markets higher.
A. Spain and Italy borrow at cheaper rates has nudged financial markets higher
B. Spain and Italy borrow at cheaper rates have nudged financial markets to
higher levels
C. Spain and Italy borrow at cheaper rates has nudged financial markets to
higher levels
D. Spain and Italy borrow at cheaper rates nudged financial markets to higher
levels
20. Question: 15
Despite smartphones and easy accessibility for social networks, almost half of the
millennials – people reaching young adulthood in the 21st century – are feeling isolated and
lonely.
A. Despite smartphones and easy accessibility for social networks,
B. Although having smartphones and accessing social networks easily,
C. Despite them using smartphones and easily accessing social networks,
D. Despite their smartphones making access to social networks easy,
Answer: D
