About global warming, Global Temperature Difference etc

1. Is Earth Dying Slowly?
By:
Vaibhavi Kadu
M.Sc Final Environmental Science
The Maharaja Sayajirao University of Baroda

2. CONTENTS:
• Introduction
• what indicates Earth is dying?
• Causes: Natural and Anthropogenic
• Impacts
• Conclusion

3. YES NO
Natural
Anthropogenic

4. Natural
• Global Warming
• Acid rain
• Ice Break
• Volcanic Eruption
• Earthquakes
• Cyclones
Anthropogenic
• Industrialization
• Urbanization
• Over population
• Pollution
• Deforestation
• Ocean acidification
• Ozone depletion

5. Global Warming
• A gradual increase in the
overall temperature of the
earth's atmosphere generally
attributed to the greenhouse
effect caused by increased
levels of carbon dioxide, CFCs,
and other pollutants.
• Since 1906, the global
average surface temperature
has increased between 1.1
and 1.6 degrees Fahrenheit
(0.6 to 0.9 degrees Celsius)–
even more in sensitive polar
regions. (National Geographic)

6. Global Temperature Difference
Source: https://climate.nasa.gov/vital-signs/global-temperature/

7. Acid Rain
• Acid rain, or acid
deposition, is a broad
term that includes any
form of precipitation
with acidic components,
such as sulfuric or nitric
acid that fall to the
ground from the
atmosphere in wet or
dry forms. This can
include rain, snow, fog,
hail or even dust that is
acidic. Source:
https://www.google.co.in/search?q=acid+rain&source=lnm
s&tbm=isch&sa=X&ved=0ahUKEwjirLbG48nWAhWJMY8
KHVIDBLcQ_AUICigB&biw=1366&bih=652#imgrc=zHK-
dA11B9Z5pM:

8. Effects
• Effect on Aquatic Environment
• Effect on Forests
• Effect on Soil
• Vegetation Cover and Plantations
• Effect on Architecture and Buildings
• Effect on Public Health

9. Green House Effect
• The trapping of the sun's warmth in a planet's lower
atmosphere, due to the greater transparency of the
atmosphere to visible radiation from the sun than to
infrared radiation emitted from the planet's surface.
Source:
https://www.google.co.in/search?q=green+house+effect&dcr=0&source=lnms&tbm=isch&sa=X&ved=0ahUKEw
jTrLfJ9snWAhWIMo8KHawsARAQ_AUICigB&biw=1366&bih=652#imgrc=NmslNjY57rHK1M:

11. Cloud Burst
• A Sudden, downpour over a limited area as if the
entire clouds were to rain down in a matter of
minutes. If it rains over a 100 mm in an hour
concentrated in a area just a few square kilometres,
it is a Cloudburst.
Source:
https://www.google.co.in/search?q=cloudburst&dcr=0&source=lnms&tbm=isch&sa=X&ved=0ahUKEwiv
-9Pw9snWAhUeTo8KHZgKBLIQ_AUICigB&biw=1366&bih=652

12. Earthquake
• A sudden motion of a part of the
earth caused by an abrupt release
of slowly accumulating stress.
• Earthquakes are caused by
tectonic movements in the
Earth's crust. The boundaries
between moving plates form the
largest fault surfaces on Earth.
When they stick, relative motion
between the plates leads to
increasing stress. This continues
until the stress rises and breaks,
suddenly allowing sliding over the
locked portion of the fault,
releasing the stored energy as
shock waves.
Source:
https://www.google.co.in/search?dcr=0&biw=1366&
bih=652&tbm=isch&sa=1&q=Earthquake&oq=Earthq
uake&gs_l=psy-
ab.3..0l4.107735.114923.0.115225.20.15.0.0.0.0.
392.1947.0j9j0j1.11.0.dummy_maps_web_fallback...
0...1.1.64.psy-
ab..9.10.1942.0..0i67k1.157.pDN_sEulLEs#imgrc=c
NLLoRlwNjWVNM:

13. Effect
High magnitude earthquakes can impact the environment in
many ways.
Short-term impacts
Destruction of homes, fires, buildings, and roads.
Long term impacts
Cost of rebuilding.
Social impacts
Death and loss of communication.
Economic impacts
Loss of buildings and important items.
Environmental impacts
Landslides, Flooding, Tsunami, Volcanic Activity.

14. Volcanic Eruption
• A volcano is a place on the Earth’s surface where hot
magma breaks through.
Source:
https://www.google.co.in/search?dcr=0&biw=1366&bih=652&tbm=isch&sa=1&q=volcanic+erup
tion&oq=volcanic+er&gs_l=psy-
ab.3.0.0i67k1j0j0i67k1j0.59335.64332.0.65699.23.17.1.0.0.0.272.2615.0j9j4.14.0.dummy_
maps_web_fallback...0...1.1.64.psy-ab..8.14.2631.0...160.l2EWGBWiA30

15. Effect
• Ash Fall: In ash fall, a tremendous quantity of rock fragments, natural
glass fragments, and gas is blown high into the air by explosions from the
volcano.
• Ash flows: It may be as hot as hundreds of degrees Celsius and move as
fast as 100 km per hour down the sides of a volcano, incinerating
everything in their path.
• Lava Flows: Lava flows are one of the most familiar products of volcanic
activity. They result when magma reaches the surface and overflows the
crater or a volcanic vent along the flanks of the volcano. ‘
• Lahars are produced when a large volume of loose volcanic ash becomes
saturated with water and becomes unstable, allowing it to move
downslope.
• Volcanic debris flows are fast-moving mixtures of sediment, including
blocks of rock and water, with the general consistency of wet concrete.
• A mudflow that is composed mostly of volcanic ash is often called a lahar.

16. Cyclone
• The word cyclone is derived from the Greek word
“cyclos” which means “coils of a snake”.
• An atmospheric system characterized by the rapid
inward circulation of air masses about a low pressure
centre, usually accompanied by stormy, often
destructive weather.

17. Global Ice Melting
• In the last 100 years, the world’s global temperature increased by ½ degree Celsius.
• Antarctica at the South Pole has about 90% of the world’s ice. The ice covering is around
7,000 feet thick. It extends to almost 14 million square kilometers. If all this ice melted,
the sea will rise by 200 feet!
• The North Pole is covered by a floating pack of ice, located just over the Arctic Ocean.
This ice melts and freezes with the changing of the seasons. The ice that doesn’t melt can
reach up to 3 to 4 meters thick. If this melted, our sea levels will not be affected.
• In the last 100 years, the Environmental Protection Agency reported that the sea level
has risen by 6 to 8 inches.

18. Source: https://climate.nasa.gov/vital-signs/arctic-sea-ice/

19. Industrialization
• The transition of an
economy from primarily
agrarian to one based mainly
on manufacturing and
industry.
• Industrialization is generally
thought to be a sign of a
growing economy, and is
associated with income
growth, urbanization, and
improvements in health,
lifespan, and standard of
living for the populace.
Source:
https://www.google.co.in/search?dcr=0&biw=1366&bih=6
52&tbm=isch&sa=1&q=industrialization&oq=industrali&gs
_l=psy-
ab.3.0.0i10k1l4.1275.8748.0.10459.29.18.1.0.0.0.265.2
341.0j11j2.14.0.dummy_maps_web_fallback...0...1.1.64.ps
y-
ab..15.13.2202.0..0j0i67k1.330.W2DHVdVf7v8#imgrc=_

20. Effect
• Decline of cottage industry
• Mass migration from rural areas
• Depletion of natural resources
• Pollution
• Increase of war-like situation

21. Urbanization
• An increase in a
population in cities and
towns versus rural areas.
Urbanization began during
the industrial revolution,
when workers moved
towards manufacturing
hubs in cities to obtain
jobs in factories as
agricultural jobs became
less common.
Source:
https://www.google.co.in/search?dcr=0&biw=1366&bih=
652&tbm=isch&sa=1&q=urbanization&oq=urb&gs_l=psy
-
ab.3.0.0i67k1l4.61814.66046.0.67309.22.10.1.0.0.0.2
39.1173.0j5j1.7.0.dummy_maps_web_fallback...0...1.1.64
.psy-ab..15.6.1004.0..0.192.BM9RXv6ZatU#imgrc=_

22. Effect
• Housing problems
• Overcrowding
• Unemployment
• Development of slums
• Water and sanitation problems
• Poor health and spread of diseases
• Traffic congestion
• Urban crime

23. Over population
Overpopulation is an undesirable condition
where the number of existing human population
exceeds the carrying capacity of Earth.
Overpopulation is caused by number of factors.
Reduced mortality rate, better medical facilities,
depletion of precious resources are few of the causes
which results in overpopulation.
Effect
• Depletion of Natural Resources
• Degradation of Environment
• Conflicts and Wars
• Rise in Unemployment
• High Cost of Living

24. Pollution
• Pollution occurs in different forms; air, water, soil,
radioactive, noise, heat/ thermal and light. Every form of
pollution has two sources of occurrence; the point and the
non-point sources. The point sources are easy to identify,
monitor and control, whereas the non-point sources are
hard to control.

25. Deforestation
• Deforestation in simple term means the felling and
clearing of forest cover or tree plantations in order to
accommodate agricultural, industrial or urban use. It
involves permanent end of forest cover to make that
land available for residential, commercial or industrial
purpose.
• Over the last century the forest cover around the
globe has been greatly compromised, leaving the
green cover down to an all time low of about 30 per
cent. According to the United Nations Food and
Agriculture Organization (FAO), an estimated 18
million acres (7.3 million hectares) of forest are lost
each year.

26. Effect
• Climate Imbalance
• Increase in Global Warming
• Soil Erosion
• Floods
• Wildlife Extinction

27. Desertification
Desertification is defined as a process of land
degradation in arid, semi-arid and sub-humid areas due to
various factors including climatic variations and human
activities. Or, to put it in another way, desertification results in
persistent degradation of dry land and fragile ecosystems due
to man-made activities and variations in climate.
Effect
• Farming becomes next to impossible
• Hunger
• Poor Water Quality
• Overpopulation
• Poverty

28. Ocean Acidification
Ocean acidification is the process whereby ocean
waters increase in acid concentration and the PH level fall
beyond normal. the ocean acidification process can also be
explained as situation where the level of carbon dioxide in the
water increases drastically. This may be influenced by some
human activities such as burning of fossil fuels that cause harm
to the atmosphere. Salinity can be simply explained and
understood as the amount of salt concentration.
Effect
• Increase in the carbon dioxide concentration in the ocean
• Loss of aquatic life
• Food shortage
• Food web interference
• Impact on human health
• Impact on the reefs

29. Conclusion
There are so many factors that affect earth. Solutions are:
• Use alternative water resources.
• Reducing the consumption of carbon-oriented energy
sources
• Education
• Technology Advances
• Making People Aware of Family Planning
• Alternative Energy Sources
• Building sustainable and environmentally friendly cities

30. References
• http://www.nationalgeographic.com/environment/global-warming/global-
warming-effects/
• http://article.sciencepublishinggroup.com/html/10.11648.j.aos.20170201.
11.html
• https://quizlet.com/28941883/six-causes-of-industrialization-flash-cards/
• https://www.conserve-energy-future.com/causes-effects-solutions-
urbanization.php
• https://www.conserve-energy-future.com/causes-effects-solutions-of-
overpopulation.php
• https://www.conserve-energy-future.com/pollutiontypes.php
• http://www.oas.org/cdmp/hazmap/taos/impacts.htm
• https://www.importantindia.com/15285/impact-of-industrialization-in-
india/
• https://climate.nasa.gov/vital-signs/global-temperature/
• https://climate.nasa.gov/vital-signs/arctic-sea-ice/