Sports can provide both health benefits and risks of injury. While physical activity is important, safety protocols must be followed to prevent injuries from occurring. Some key safety practices include warming up properly, wearing protective gear, staying hydrated, cooling down after exercise, and knowing your physical limits. If an injury does happen, following RICE treatment (rest, ice, compression, and elevation) can help reduce swelling and promote healing. Always consult a medical professional for guidance on injury management and treatment.

1. i
Identifying School and
Community Resources in
Case of an Injury or
Emergency
Learners Module in H.O.P.E.-11
Quarter 3 ● Module 1
STEPHEN GEORGE A. GATAN
Developer
Department of Education, Cordillera Administrative Region
11

2. ii
Republic of the Philippines
DEPARTMENT OF EDUCATION
Cordillera Administrative Region
SCHOOLS DIVISION OF TABUK CITY
Prk 02, Bulanao Norte, Tabuk City
Published by:
Learning Resource Management and Development System
COPYRIGHT NOTICE
2021
Section 9 of Presidential Decree No. 49provides:
“NocopyrightshallsubsistinanyworkoftheGovernmentofthePhilippines.However,
riorapprovalofthegovernmentagencyofofficewhereintheworkiscreatedshallbe
necessary for exploitation of such work for profit.”
This material has been developed for the implementation of K-12 Curriculum through
the Curriculum Implementation Division (CID)—Learning Resource Management and
Development System (LRMDS). It can be reproduced for educational purposes and
the source must be acknowledged. Derivatives of the work including creating an
edited version, an enhancement or a supplementary work are permitted provided all
original work is acknowledged and the copyright is attributed. No work may be
derived from this material for commercial purposes and profit.

3. 2
WHAT I KNEED TO KNOW
The benefits of participating in sport are widely documented. The health and physical
gains are clear but there is good evidence to suggest that physical activity can also
improve mental wellbeing and academic performance. But in participating also in
sports, injuries are also part of it, but it can also prevented by following the safety
protocols and rules.
This module will start with a pre-assessment which will determine your prior
knowledge on the topic. Series of activities and discussions will encourage you to
explore and learn about the topic. Through this module, the objectives below are
desired.
Learning Objective:
At the end of the module the students must be able to:
a. identify the safety protocol to avoid injuries in participating in organized sports,
b. address health/fitness issues and concerns in participating in organized sports
events, and
c. value the importance of participating in sports event and following safety
protocol to avoid sports injuries.

4. 3
What I know
Pre-Test: Multiple Choices: Read and carefully analyze the questions. Choose the
letter of the correct answer and write your answer on the blank provided
before the number.
____ 1. Which of the following are safety protocol in sports?
a. Stay hydrated during and after sports.
b. Wear the right safety gear and equipment.
c. Enforce safety rules.
d. All the above
____ 2. Which of the following is NOT a sign and symptom of overexertion?
a. Thirst b. Pain c. Fatigue c. Difficulty in breathing
____ 3. What do we do to avoid overexertion?
a. Stretch and warm up your muscles before doing an activity.
b. Over exercise your body
c. Increase immediately your activity duration, intensity, and frequency.
d. Do not consider rest in your exercise program.
____ 4. What do we do to avoid dehydration?
a. Drink at least 8 glasses of water per day.
b. Drink until you feel thirsty.
c. Drink more soft drinks than water.
d. None of the above
____ 5. The following are common sports injuries. Which of them is a tear of
ligament fibers, muscles or tendons supporting a joint?
a. Concussion b. Sprain c. Contusion d. Strain
____ 6. What medical emergency that occurs when your body loses heat faster
than it can produce heat, causing a dangerously low body temperature?
a. Hyperthermia b. Hypothermia c. Dehydration d. Overexertion
____ 7. What is the first thing you will notice when the temperature starts to drop?
a. Shivering b. Weak pulse c. Slow, shallow breath d. confusion
____ 8. How would your body reduce heat?
a. Radiated heat b. direct contact c. wind d. all the above
____ 9. Which of the following sports prone to hypothermia?
a. baseball b. swimming c. ice skating d. basketball
____ 10. Which of the following is NOT a symptom of hyperthermia?
a. heat cramps b. heat exhaustion c. heat stroke d. shivering
____ 11. What do you call the injuries that happen when playing sports or exercising?
a. Aerobics b. Sports Fest c. Physical activity d. Sports injuries
____ 12. How sports event help youth to improve their social health?
a. develops self-esteem b. socialization
c. develops self-confidence d. all the above
____ 13. Why do we need to organize sports event in our community?
a. Build stronger, healthier, happier, and safer communities.
b. So that we can get fund from the government.
c. just for recreation
d. none of the above
____ 14. Who should reset a dislocation?
a. Coach c. Proper medical professional
b. Friend d. Teacher
____ 15. Which of the following health issue and concern that must be given priority
through sports?
a. drugs b. depression c. bullying d. all of the above

5. 4
What’s In
Let us review your past lesson on your previous module.
Direction: Choose the LETTER of the BEST answer. Write your answer on the
BLANK provided before each number.
____1. Which of the statement is TRUE about vigorous physical activity?
A. If you are doing vigorous physical activity you can sing and talk.
B. You will not be able to say more than a few words without taking a breath.
C. It gets your heart rate up to 50 to 60 % higher than its rate when you are at
rest.
D. None of the above.
____ 2. Stretching is a part of exercise routine. What intensity level of exercise is
stretching?
A. Vigorous B. Moderate C. Light D. None
____ 3. What is the best thing to do to overcome lack of social influence as a barrier
to physical activity?
A. Select activities that require minimal facilities or equipment such as
walking, jogging, jumping rope etc.
B. Add physical activity to your daily routine. Walking, riding bicycle,
perform manual labor at home, Etc…
C. Explain your interest in physical activity to friends and family. Ask them to
support your efforts.
D. Learn how to warm up and cooldown to prevent injury or choose activity
with minimum risk but with moderate to vigorous intensity like push up, sit
ups etc.
____ 4. Due to some physical fitness fads, Elvis is looking for an equipment to use in
his home gym but could not find one due to its high price. He is now hesitant
to do physical activity. What do you think is the barrier?
A. Lack of resources B. Fear of injury C. Lack of willpower D. Lack of skill
____ 5. Which of the following is an example of vigorous physical activity?
A. Brisk walking B. Mountain climbing
C. Washing dishes D. Jogging

6. 5
What’s New
Activity 1: Picture talk…Analyze the pictures presented and answer the following
questions below. Write your answer in the space provided.
During participation in an organized sports event such those presented above, have
you experienced being injured, or encountered someone in your family or friend who
have been injured? If yes, what kind of injury?
___________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________
What are the signs and symptoms of the injury you have experienced or observed?
___________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________
How would you manage the injury that you have experienced?
___________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________

7. 6
What Is It
Sport is a double-edged sword regarding effects on health. Positive effects
are achieved primarily through physical activity, which is the main part of most
sports. Many secondary effects of sport also bring health benefits, such as
psychosocial development of both young and old, personal development, later onset,
and less consumption of alcohol. Finally, those who play sports have a higher level
of physical activity later in life, and through sport, knowledge of nutrition, exercise,
and health can be developed. Negative effects include the risk of failure leading to
poor mental health, risk of injury, eating disorders, burnout, and exercise-induced
gastrointestinal tract discomfort. In sport, there are unfortunately also reports of
physical and psychological abuse.
Sports related injuries are some of the negative effects in participating in
physical activity like sports, but we can control and prevent it in following the safety
protocol.
Sports injuries
Injuries may occur when a person engages in Moderate to Vigorous Physical
Activity (MVPA). This includes physical activities which span from moderate
progressing to vigorous intensity. Brisk walking or cycling and jogging are examples
of moderate activities while aerobic dance or cycling uphill are vigorous activities.
On the other hand, sports injuries are those that happen when playing sports
or performing exercises.
Some are from accidents. Others can result from poor training practices or
improper gear. Some people get injured when they are not in proper condition. No
proper warm-up and stretching before you play or exercise can also lead to injuries.
The most common sports injuries are:
• Sprain- is a tear of ligament fibers, muscles or
tendons supporting a joint. This can occur when a joint
is extended beyond its normal range of movement. A
sprain may involve a small number of fibers through to
a complete rupture. In extreme circumstances, the
fibers of the ligament, muscle or tendon may remain
intact and rip from the bone.
• Contusion- or bruise is bleeding into the soft tissue. It
is caused by a direct blow from another person, an
implement, or an object. A bruise can occur to any soft
tissue of the body.

8. 7
• Concussion- is caused by a direct blow to the head.
Depending on the severity of the concussion, injury can
cause varying levels of impairment of brain function.
Concussions are categorized as mild (grade 1),
moderate (grade 2), or severe (grade 3) depending
upon symptoms.
•Dislocation - occurs when the ball of a joint is forced
out of its socket (i.e. arm forced out of the shoulder
joint). A dislocation must be reset by proper medical
professionals.
• Fracture -is a break, crack, or shattering of a bone.
In closed fractures, the broken bone does not pierce
the skin, while in open fractures, the broken bone
breaks the skin's surface.
• Strains- are injuries that involve the stretching,
partial tearing, or complete tearing of a tendon.
Strains are categorized as first, second, or third
degree. Chronic strains are injuries that
gradually build up from overuse or repetitive
stress.

9. 8
Kinds of Injury
1.Acute injuries occur suddenly when playing or exercising. Sprained ankles,
strained backs, and fractured hands are acute injuries. Signs of an acute injury
include:
• Sudden, severe pain.
• Swelling.
• Not being able to place weight on a leg, knee, ankle, or foot.
• An arm, elbow, wrist, hand, or finger that is very tender.
• Not being able to move a joint as normal.
• Extreme leg or arm weakness.
• A bone or joint that is visibly out of place.
2. Chronic injuries happen after you play a sport or exercise for a long time. Signs
of a chronic injury include:
• Pain when you play.
• Pain when you exercise.
• A dull ache when you rest.
• Swelling
Preventing Sports Injuries
Exercise is good for the body and with proper precautions, sports injuries may
be prevented. The quality of protective equipment - padding, helmets, shoes, mouth
guards – may contribute to safety in sports. But, you can still be susceptible to injury
in certain situations. Always contact your healthcare provider before starting any type
of physical activity, especially when performing vigorous types of exercises or sports.
Causes of sport injuries may include:
• improper or poor training practices
• wearing improper sporting gear
• being in poor health condition
• improper warm-up or stretching practices before a sporting event or exercise
How can I prevent a sports injury?
The following are some basic steps to prevent a sports injury:
➢ Develop a fitness plan that includes cardiovascular exercise, strength training,
and flexibility. This will help decrease your chance of injury.
➢ Alternate exercising different muscle groups and exercise every other day.
➢ Cool down properly after exercise or sports. It should take two times as long
as your warm-up.

10. 9
➢ Stay hydrated. Drink water to prevent dehydration, heat exhaustion, and heat
stroke.
➢ Stretching exercises can improve the ability of muscles to contract and
perform, reducing the risk for injury. Each stretch should start slowly until you
reach a point of muscle tension. Stretching should not be painful. Aim to hold
each stretch for up to 20 seconds.
➢ Use the right equipment or gear and wear shoes that provide support and that
may correct certain foot problems that can lead to injury.
➢ Learn the right techniques to play your sport.
➢ Rest when tired. Avoid exercise when you are tired or in pain.
➢ Always take your time during strength training and go through the full range of
motion with each repetition.
➢ If you do sustain a sports injury, make sure you participate in adequate
rehabilitation before resuming strenuous activity.
How can I treat Injuries?
When it comes to sport and exercise, the possibility of injury is always present.
Inflammation and pain often occur after injuries to the ankle, knee, or joint. And the
well-known R.I.C.E treatment method can help reduce this swelling, relieve pain, and
promote flexibility and healing. In fact, R.I.C.E treatment is a mainstay for sports
trainers and other athletic health experts.
The benefits of the RICE method can be explained by stage:
Rest: Immobilization prevents further injury and gives the body time to recover.
Ice: Cold reduces pain by numbing the affected area.
Compression: Pressure keeps swelling under control.
Elevation: Keeping the injured body part above the heart reduces swelling and the
associated pain and discomfort.
Aside from the injury prevention techniques mentioned above, there are also some
personal safety protocols that we need to consider before and after playing a sport or

11. 10
doing moderate to vigorous physical activities. Some of the personal safety protocols
are as follows:
What to bring?
• Water, Extra clothes, Towels, and caps
What to do?
• Prepare yourself. Know your limits so as not to overwork your body. Overworking
your body might put your life to a threat.
• Drink a lot of water. Do not wait to feel thirsty. If you know have sweat a lot already
drink water immediately.
• Change clothes. Do not let the wet cloth dry up in your body.
• Use towel. Use towel to wipe out excessive sweating.
Remember this:
When the body does not have enough fluid needed to function normally, it is
dehydrated. This happens when lost body fluid are not replaced. Dehydration causes
a person to have a dry thirsty mouth, become fatigued, have less urine yield with
dark color, and in severe case, unconsciousness. The usual causes of dehydration
are hot weather condition, too much perspiration, high fever, diarrhea, vomiting, and
excessive exercise without taking in enough fluid. To nurse dehydration, the body
will need to replenish lost fluids and electrolytes. Drink at least eight glasses of water
a day and up to 12 glasses during summer months.
Hydration is also the soundest way to prevent dehydration. Prevention is
better than cure, and the ways to prevent dehydration include the intake of adequate
fluids, watery fruits and vegetables and avoiding hot environment.
The following are terminologies that you might experience if we opt to observe
personal safety protocols during Moderate to Vigorous Physical Activities (MVPA).
Dehydration- Dehydration happens when the fluid in your body is used or lost more
than the fluid you drink or intake. If your body does not have enough water or fluid to
do its normal functions, hence, you get dehydrated. Anyone may become
dehydrated, as to the people who are more at risk, young ones or children and the
older adults are more at risk.
Overexertion- This refers to the pressure one puts in himself or herself, too much
pressure that leads to a simple discomfort that might extend to a more serious injury.
Hypothermia- It usually happens when the body easily loses temperature. A person
suffers hypothermia when his or her body temperature drops below 35 degrees
Celsius.
Hyperthermia-the opposite of hypothermia. It happens when the body temperature
rises significantly beyond the normal temperature which is 37 degrees Celsius.
Hyperthermia like hypothermia can threaten life too.

12. 11
What’s More
ACTIVITY 1: Have you been experienced injuries in a sports organized event?
Fill-out the table below.
Sports you have
participated
Kind of injury
experienced
Treatment done

13. 12
ASSESSMENT 1: Injuries: Match column A to column B. Write your
answer on the blank before the number.
COLUMN A COLUMN B
1. A painful injury to the ligament.
2. To injure part of the body by turning or moving
it out of position.
3. The acutely unpleasant physical discomfort
experienced by somebody who is violently struck,
injured, or ill.
4. A painful injury to the muscle or tendon.
5. A body tissue that can undergo repeated
contraction and relaxation to produce movement of body
parts.
6. An injury where there is a break or crack in the
bone.
7. Not in a direct line, course, or path.
8. The lower end of the forearm or the joint
between the forearm and the hand together.
9. The displacement of something from its usual
or proper position.
10. The grating sound heard when the broken
ends of a bone rub together.
FRACTURE
CREPITUS
SPRAIN
DISLOCATION
TWISTING
MUSCLE
STRAIN
INDIRECT
WRIST
PAIN
CRACK
BONE

14. 13
ACTIVITY 2: Make your personal safety protocol to avoid dehydration, overexertion,
hypothermia, and hyperthermia during MVPA participation by filling out the table
below.
MY PERSONAL SAFETY PROTOCOL
BEFORE DURING AFTER
Dehydration
Overexertion
Hypothermia
Hyperthermia
ASSESSMENT 2: ESSAY
In your own words, write at least 1 paragraph regarding the importance of safety protocols in
engaging an organized sports event addressing health issues/concerns to prevent injuries.
_____________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________________
What I Have Learned
A. Common Sports Injuries for you and your friends
1. List some common injuries that teenagers like you may be at risk when playing on the
following sports:
Basketball: ______________________________________________________________
Volleyball: _______________________________________________________________
Track and Field: __________________________________________________________
Lawn Tennis: ____________________________________________________________
Combative sports: ________________________________________________________
Softball: ________________________________________________________________
Badminton: _____________________________________________________________
Others: ________________: _______________________________________________

15. 14
B. Complete the sentences below.
I learned that sports injuries are:
_______________________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________
Common sports-related injuries include:
_______________________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________
The types of injuries are:
_______________________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________
What I can Do
1. Provide examples of acute sports injuries from the upper and lower extremities.
Acute Injuries Upper Extremities Lower Extremities
Fracture
Dislocation
Sprain
Strain
2. Choose one injury from the table and list specific ways to prevent it.
3. Provide example of chronic sports injuries from the upper and lower extremities.
4. Choose one injury from the Chronic injury table and list specific ways to prevent it.
Chronic injury Upper Extremities Lower Extremities
Osteoarthritis
Tendinopathy
Bursitis
Fasciitis

16. 15
Assessment
POST TEST: Multiple Choices: Read and carefully analyze the questions. Choose
the letter of the correct answer and write your answer on the blank
provided before the number.
_____1. Refers to the injuries that happen when playing sports or exercising.
A. Accident C. Hydration
B. Dislocation D. Sports injuries
_____ 2. Which is not a sign of chronic injuries?
A. Bone and joint that is visibly out of place C. Pain when you exercise.
B. Dull ache when you rest D. Pain when you play
_____ 3. What happens to the body if does not have enough fluid?
A. Dehydrated C. Hydrated
B. Dislocated D. Stress Management
_____ 4. What happens when the body temperature rises significantly beyond the
normal temperature which is 37 degrees Celsius?
A. Dehydration C. Hyperthermia
B. Fracture D. Hypothermia
_____ 5. Which of the following stands for R.I.C.E. treatment?
A. Rest, Ibuprofen, Crutches, Exercise
B. Rest, Ice, Compression, Elevation
C. Rest, Ice, Crutches, Elevation
D. Reinforcement, Immobilization, Cryotherapy, Electrostimulation
_____ 6. Severe dehydration can lead to death. Which of the following symptoms
of severe dehydration?
A. rapid heartbeat B. rapid breathing
C. sunken eyes D. all the above
_____ 7. Physical activity like sports and exercise have significant positive effects in
our holistic health. Which of the following are the positive effect of sports?
A. preventing or alleviating mental illness B. develop social health.
C. improve physical fitness D. all of the above
_____ 8. Which of the following concern when there is too much pressure that leads
to a simple discomfort and it might extend to a worse injury?
A. Contusion C. Hyperthermia
B. Fracture D. Overexertion
_____ 9. Efraim injured his right leg during basketball game and you suspect that he
suffered from dislocation. Which of the following x-ray result will prove
your claim?
A. His x-ray shows there is displacement of the joint.
B. His x-ray shows there is tear in the muscle.
C. His x-ray shows there is a crack in the bone.
D. His x-ray shows there is a torn ligament.
_____ 10. How sports event addresses the problem concerning mental health?
A. prevents depression B. improve body image.
C. developing friendship with teammates D. improve spiritual health

17. 16
_____ 11. Fracture and dislocation are difficult to identify. Which of the following
signs will you claim that the injury is fracture?
A. When there is deformity in the injured area.
B. When a protruding bone pierces the skin and bleeding present.
C. When there is total loss of sensation in the injured area.
D. When the injured patient complains of excruciating pain.
_____ 12. Elmer was assigned as a first aider during school intramurals, he is
treating an injured player. One player asks him the difference between
fracture and dislocation. Which statement shows his correct understanding
about the two?
A. Dislocation is when two joints are separated while fracture is when a
ligament is broken.
B. Fracture is when there is an overstretching of your tendons while
dislocation is when your ligament is torn.
C. Fracture is when there is a crack or break in the bone while dislocation
is when two connecting joints is separated.
D. Dislocation is when two connecting bones are broken while fracture is
when a joint is broken and displaced.
_____ 13. Which occurs when body temperature is lower than the normal average of
37 degrees Celsius?
A. Diarrhea C. Hyperthermia
B. Hydration D. Hypothermia
_____ 14. Your friend has a sprained ankle and one of the first aider elevated the
injured area after applying the rest management. What is the significance
of this management?
A. It will provide back flow of blood.
B. It will help immobilize the affected area.
C. It will reduce pain.
D. It will prevent blood clotting.
_____ 15. Which of the following does not belong in the first aid treatment of fracture
and dislocation?
A. Ice Pack C. Elevating
B. Splinting D. Compress bandaging

18. 17
Addiional Activities
Direction: Complete the following cloze passages. Choose your answer inside the
box provided below.
Sports injuries are more likely to occur during _______1________, like in the
backyard, at the park with friends or at _____2____, because
_______3________and game rules are often overseen. The most common cause of
school sports injuries are __4____ and ____5_____. These can result in sprains or
_______6________. The most common parts of the body to get injured are the
arms, elbows and ____7___. Sport is very _8___ and a healthy, fun way to live life.
Sport should not be avoided but it should be taken ___9_____ when players are at
risk of injury. informal
Informal playing times lunch-time protective gear
Overexertion falls fingers
Stained muscles safe seriously

19. 18
Answer Keys
WHAT’S IN
WHAT’S NEW
WHAT’S MORE
PRE-TEST
1.D
6.
B
11.
D
2.A
7.
A
12.
D
3.A
8.
D
13.
A
4.A
9.
C
14.
C
5.B
10.
D
15.
D
ANSWERS
MAY
VARY
ACTIVITY
1
ASSESSMENT
1
ANSWERS
MAY
VARY
1.SPRAIN
6.
FRACTURE
2.TWISTING
7.
INDIRECT
3.PAIN
8.
WRIST
4.STRAIN
9.DISLOCATION
5.SPASM
10.
CREPITUS
ACTIVITY
2
AND
ASSESSMENT
2
ANSWERS
MAY
VARY
1.
C
2.
C
3.
C
4.
A
5.
B

20. 19
WHAT I HAVE LEARNED
WHAT I CAN DO
A
ADDITIONAL ACTIVITIES
ANSWERS
MAY
VARY
ANSWERS
MAY
VARY
I.
LUNCH
TIME
2.
PROTECTIVE
GEARS
3.
OVEREXERTION
4.
FALLS
5.
STRAINED
MUSCLES
6.
STRAINED
MUSCLES
7.
FINGERS
8.
SAFE
9.SERIOUSLY
Post
Assessment
1.
D
6.
D
11.
B
2.
A
7.
D
12.
C
3.
A
8.
D
13.
C
4.
C
9.
A
14.
B
5.
B
10.
A
15.
D

21. 20
REFERENCES
https://www.bartleby.com/topics/Sports-Injury-Essay
https://www.medicalnewstoday.com/articles/173312
https://www.medicalnewstoday.com/articles/173312
https://www.mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions/dislocation/symptoms-causes/syc-
20354113
https://ercare24.com/minimizing-sports-injuries-children/
https://www.nytimes.com/2017/09/29/health/sports-injuries-football-yale.html
https://brainly.ph/question/1241660#readmore
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6572041/
https://www.sportsrec.com/4900643/importance-of-sports-to-health

22. 21
For inquiries or feedback, please write or call:
Department of Education-Cordillera Administrative Region
Schools Division of Tabuk
Telefax: 442-4074
Email Address: car@deped.gov.ph