Estimados usuarios. Bienvenidos a nuestro sitio virtual de la UNIVERSIDAD MAGISTER en Slide Share donde podrá encontrar los resultados de importantes trabajos de investigación prácticos producidos por nuestros profesionales. Esperamos que estos Mares Azules que les ponemos a su disposición sirvan de base para otras investigaciones y juntos cooperemos en el Desarrollo Económico y Social de Costa Rica y otras latitudes. Queremos ser enfáticos en que estos trabajos tienen Propiedad Intelectual por lo que queda totalmente prohibida su reproducción parcial o total, así como ser utilizados por otro autor, a excepción de que los compartan como citas de autor o referencias bibliográficas. Toda esta información también quedará a su disposición desde nuestro sitio web www.umagister.com, Disfruten con nosotros de este magno contenido bibliográfico Magister esperando sus amables comentarios, no sin antes agradecer a nuestro Ing. Jerry González quien está administrando este sitio. Rectoría, Universidad Magister. – 2016.

1. ANNEX 4
UNIVERSIDAD MAGISTER
FACULTAD DE EDUCACIÓN
CARRERA DE LICENCIATURA EN LA
ENSEÑANZA DEL INGLÉS
TESIS PARA OPTAR AL GRADO DE LICENCIATURA EN
ENSEÑANZA DEL INGLÉS
“ANALYISIS OF THE EFFECT OF SOCIO
CULTURAL APPROACH ON THE ENGLISH
ORAL SKILL OF 11TH GRADERS AT LICEO
NOCTURNO ALFREDO GONZÁLEZ FLORES,
HEREDIA, 2018”
MARÍA ALEJANDRA AGUILAR RAMÍREZ
SETIEMBRE, 2018

2. JUSTIFICATION
The primary purpose of this project is promoting oral interaction
between students while learning different topics during the English
class. At the same time the implementation of didactics activities is
going to help students not only to interact between then but also to
create a good environment in the class being this one of the most
important to acquire knowledge and accomplish any objective or
goal that the teacher establish since the beginning of the class.

3. PROBLEM STATEMENT
How the Socio Cultural Approach can improve the English oral skill of 11th graders
from Liceo Nocturno Alfredo González Flores?

4. GENERAL OBJECTIVE
To determine the effect of the Socio Cultural Approach on the English
oral skill of 11th graders for improving the performance of the students
at Liceo Nocturno Alfredo González Flores, 2018.

5. SPECIFIC OBJECTIVES
• To determine the role that the oral interaction plays in 11th graders for improving the
learning process.
• To state the actual evaluation criteria used with 11th graders increasing the English
knowledge.
• To search for didactic activities improving the oral interaction in 11th graders.
• To develop a Proposal incorporating different skills into English lessons for
increasing competences of the 11th graders.

6. VARIABLES
• Role that the oral interaction plays in 11th graders.
• Actual evaluation criteria used with 11th graders.
• Didactic activities for English oral interaction.

7. THE INSTITUTION
• Liceo Nocturno Alfredo González Flores is located in Heredia
Downtown.
• It was founded in 1952 because of the increase of students.
• It has a total population of almost 800 students
• 160 students are from 11th grade.
• The English teachers are 5.

8. THEORETICAL FRAMEWORK
According with the Socio Cultural Approach, Vygotsky believed that
social interaction will lead to ongoing changes in a child, thought and
behavior. Vygotsky believed that any pedagogy creates learning
processes that lead to development and this sequence results in zones
of proximal development.

9. THEORETICAL FRAMEWORK
There are three ways a cultural tool can be passed from one individual
to another. The first one is imitative learning, where one person tries
to imitate or copy another. The second way is by instructed learning
which involves remembering the instructions of the teacher and then
using these instructions to self-regulate. The final way that cultural
tools are passed to others is through collaborative learning, which
involves a group of peers who strive to understand each other and
work together to learn a specific skill Gallagher (1999 : p . 45).

10. THEORETICAL FRAMEWORK
The Socio Cultural Approach give the opportunities of create a
great and nice environment for students and teacher, allows to
live, work and learn in harmony, when the atmosphere is nice
students feel comfortable to be in the classroom and interact with
each other without any problem, also increase the level of
teaching since everyone learns in different ways and time, but
interacting makes the student get involved in the topic that takes
place at the moment.

11. METHODOLOGYCAL FRAMEWORK
• DESCRIPTIVE RESEARCH: A descriptive research describe common uses in any kind of event. The goal of
descriptive research is to describe a phenomenon and it is a characteristic.
• EXPLORATORY RESEARCH: Exploratory research, is referred as gathering information in an informal and
unstructured manner.

12. • QUANTITATIVE APPROACH: According to Aliaga and Gunderson ( 2002 : p . 34 ) explain that: "Quantitative research is
an inquiry into a social problem, explain phenomena by gathering numerical data that are analyzed using mathematically
based methods in particular statistics".
• QUALITATIVE APPROACH: According to Bryman and Bell ( 2007 : p . 79 ) stated that qualitative research is a research
strategy that indicates the relationship between theory and research and usually emphasizes on how theories were
generated.
• MIXED APPROACH: Mixed methods combines theoretical and or technical aspects of quantitative and qualitative
research.

13. • POPULATION: The population of the study will be constituted approximately 800
students, 30 teachers and the administrative staff at Liceo Nocturno Alfredo González
Flores, Heredia.
• SAMPLE: The sample is going to made up approximately to 28 students who will be
chosen randomly, with approximately 17-50 years old and made up approximately to 5
teachers that belong to the institution.
POPULATION AND SAMPLE

14. ANALYSIS OF THE OBSERVATION
• Students do not speak English in EFL classes.
• Lack of participation and cooperation.
• Teachers translate most of the time.
• The teacher use the book all the time.
• Boring activities.
• The students arrive late.
• Lack of vocabulary.

15. ANALYSIS OF THE INTERVIEW
• Teachers consider to left homeworks at home.
• The teachers prefers that students work individual or in
pairs.
• Main focus is based on passing the Bachillerato exam.
• Activities for improving speaking that the teachers consider
are dialogues, storytellings, among other activities.

16. ANALYSIS OF THE QUESTIONNAIRES
THE STUDENTS INTERACT WITH THEIR CLASSMATES IN THE
ENGLISH LESSON
27%
52%
21%
YES NO R/NN/R

17. USE OF THE ENGLISH LANGUAGE DURING
THE ENGLISH CLASS
21%
52%
27%
YES NO R/NN/R

18. NEW EDUCATIONAL STRATEGIES THAT STRENGTHEN
THE ENGLISH LANGUAGE ARE CARRIED OUT IN CLASS
14%
52%
34%
YES NO N/R

19. DIDACTIC ACTIVITIES ARE CARRIED OUT
34%
59%
7%
YES NO N/R

20. THE ENGLISH TEACHER CARRIES OUT DIDACTIC
ACTIVITIES RELATED TO CURRENT AFFAIRS
59%
31%
10%
YES NO N/R

21. CONCLUSIONS
 Students do not use the target language in their EFL classes.
 Materials are only the use of the book or notebook.
 Some activities were not according with the needs of the students;
age, interesting and level.

22. GENERAL CONCLUSION
 Liceo Nocturno Alfredo González Flores most of teachers do not
use innovate methods.
 Students use limited English in class.
 The teachers use the translation all the time.
 Students enjoy to participate of new and innovate didactic
activities.

23. COST OF THE STUDY
Source: Aguilar, María Alejandra (2018)
Note: Exchange rate establish at 570, 29 colones per dollar by BCCR on July 4th, 2018
Professional hour Colypro rated at 13700 colones July 4th, 2018
ITEM QUANTITY UNITCOST
(COLONES)
TOTAL
COST(COLONES)
TOTAL COST
(DOLLARS)
Photocopies 700 50 35.000 61.7
Transportation 10 275 5.500 9.69
Food and
beverages
2 2.000 2.000 3.52
Professional hours 10 13.700 137.000 236.00
Total 179.500 23674.91

24. RECOMMENDATIONS
• The teacher must continuous applying the oral interaction between
students with enthusiasm and energy all the time.
• The teacher should give more extra vocabulary to students in order to
develop and manage better the language.
• Apply the Socio Cultural Approach in order to delete any discrimination
about the ages or other special situation.
• Avoid working only with what the book say.
• Students should interact more with their classmates and make the effort
to use the English language.

25. PROPOSAL OF A PLAN
FOR IMPLEMENTING
DIDACTIC ACTIVITIES
FOR ENGLISH ORAL
INTERACTION

26. JUSTIFICATION
• In Costa Rica there are many issues in terms of methods and techniques.
Students can present many problems because of the results. Students at
early age in secondary schools do not learn and manage the English at all
• Through the application of the Socio Cultural approach students will be able
to comply successfully any kind of situation not only in the class but also in
real life. It is important that teachers can be involved in this approach in order
to apply it correctly during the English classes.

27. GENERAL OBJECTIVE
To implement new strategies and activities in the
classroom for developing the oral skill through the Socio
Cultural Approach, improving on 11th graders students
the oral performance at Liceo Nocturno Alfredo
González Flores, 2018.

28. SPECIFIC OBJECTIVES
• To set didactic activities that teachers can use in the classroom for developing the
oral skill.
• To access a better environment in the class by establishing a good effect between
teacher and students through the application of the Socio Cultural Approach.

29. PROPOSAL DEVELOPMENT
PHASE 1: “USE OF DIDACTIC
ACTIVITIES FOR IMPROVE
THE ENGLISH ORAL SKILL
ON 11TH GRADERS”
PHASE 2: “CREATE A
GOOD ENVIROMENT ”
PHASE 3: “ CREATE A
ROLE PLAY”

30. PHASE 2: ENVIRONMENT
• It should make different sit arrangements according with the space of the class
some of them could be, round table, pair pods, group pods, double horseshoe,
and semicircle.
• Implement the socio cultural approach in order to develop all the activities
correctly.

31. PHASE 3: ROLE PLAY
The plan is to create a role play will help of the students to interact with each
other, to gain fluency, to create a good environment and self- confidence. The
principal purpose of the role play is that students start developing the speaking
skill in order to gain everyday natural interaction.

32. COST OF THE PROPOSAL
Source: Aguilar, María Alejandra (2018)
Note: Exchange rate establish at 570, 29 colones per dollar by BCCR on July 4th , 2018
Professional hour Colypro rated at 13700 colones July 4th, 2018
ITEMS QUANTITY UNIT COST
(COLONES)
TOTAL COST
(COLONES)
TOTAL COST
(DOLLARS)
Transport 2 275 550 0.97
Photocopies 5 15 75 0.132
Beverages 15 1000 15.000 26.447
Professional hours 10 13.700 137.000 236.00
Total 152.625 263.594

33. SWOT ANALYSIS
STRENGTHS
• Count with the support of the principal and teacher in order to participate and give
opinions, ideas and comments in the preparation for make new innovated didactic
activities or techniques that help the students to develop their oral skill.
• The students love the idea of make new activities during the English class because
for them is fun method to learn English and feel self- confidence

34. WEAKNESSES
• Difficult to carry out with all students because sometimes are many absent for
different situations.
• Some of the students feel boring because they only work with a book.
• Some of the activities are exactly the same with any purpose.

35. SWOT ANALYSIS
OPPORTUNITIES
• The students have the opportunity to gain and develop their knowledge with the
future proposal support.
• Motivation.
• Enough space to carry out any activity.

36. THREATS
• If the activities are not according with the interesting of the students they could
feel boring, could lose the interesting to learn, and could take the same routine.
• If the motivation it is no constant any of the students can drop out of the
institution because they feel frustrated with the work, or other personal
situations.

37. IMPACTS OF THE PROPOSAL
 The Liceo Nocturno Alfredo González Flores will have a positive impact with
students on 11th graders, and maybe with other groups. This is possible because
with the plan of the implementation of this activities will change and will have a
positive impact in the learning process with the English language, in order to rise
their goals for the future. This will open opportunities to find a good job which
nowadays it is totally important to count with an 80% of English level. Also the
students will assist to classes more motivate and interesting to learn and discover
new things.

38. OTHER STUDIES DERIVED
• Speaking-oral performance materials.
• Socio Cultural Approach influence in the speaking area.
• Socio Cultural Approach due to foreign culture influence.
• Socio Cultural Approach for elderly teachings.