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Toward Greater Racial and Ethnic Inclusion in the Spanish
Classroom: Incorporating Afro-Latino Content
Trina Philpot-Montaño and Sari Chávez Silverman
8/23/21
© 2021 DLIFLC
DISCLAIMER
• This presentation has been approved for public release by the Defense Language
Institute Foreign Language Center’s Public Affairs Office. For verification please e-mail:
mpao@dliflc.edu
• Contents of this presentation are not necessarily the official views of the Defense
Language Institute Foreign Language Center, nor are they endorsed by the Department of
the Army, the Department of Defense, or the U.S. Government.
• All third-party products / materials featured in the presentation remain the intellectual
property of their respective authors / originators. Use of outside materials is done under
the fair use copyright principle, for educational purposes only.
• The content of this presentation is the sole responsibility of the author(s).
© 2021 DLIFLC 1
OUTLINE
• Description of language learning setting and assessments
• Problem and Purpose Statements
• Theoretical Frameworks for discussions on “enacting diversity” in world
language education (WLE)
• Diversifying Spanish Online Diagnostic Assessment (ODA)
• Diversifying Spanish Course Materials (textbook/online)
• Reflections on enacting diversity in WLE
• Suggestions for diversifying WLE materials
• Concluding Remarks-Scholarly voices from the field
© 2021 DLIFLC 2
DLIFLC LANGUAGE LEARNING SETTING
• Military careerists (enlisted and
officer)
• Average age 18–28
• Course length 36–64 weeks
• 7 instructional hours & 2 hours
homework per day
• Basic, Intermediate, & Advanced
• Associate's Degree (45 credits) &
Bachelor's Degree (+33 credits)
• 14 languages taught
locally (Categories I, II, III, IV)
• 1,700 instructors (98% native)
• In-course curriculum & assessments
• Institute/DOD-wide assessments
• Maximum use of technology
• Laptops, Ipads, SmartBoards, LMS
• https://www.dliflc.edu/elearning/
© 2021 DLIFLC 3
DLIFLC LANGUAGE ASSESSMENTS
© 2021 DLIFLC 4
Click to add text
OPI
Society
Culture
Politics
Economy
Science
OPI=Oral Proficiency Interview; ICPT = Interim Course Proficiency Test; ODA = Online Diagnostic Assessment
Technology
Environment
Geography
Military
Security
DLPT
PROBLEM & PURPOSE OF PRESENTATION
• Problem: The existence and contributions of Afro-descendants are
frequently invisible, or minimized, in the teaching and learning of
Spanish language, culture, and history.
© 2021 DLIFLC 5
• Purpose: To increase the representation of Afro-Latinos in Spanish
curriculum and assessment materials and to provide learners with a
more comprehensive understanding of Spanish-speaking peoples,
cultures, and histories.
ENACTING
DIVERSITY
 Diversifying our curriculum
 Diversifying our knowledge
 Diversifying our networks
 Diversifying our outreach
6
© 2021 DLIFLC
(Anya & Randolph, 2019)
DIGGING DEEPER & BEING INTENTIONAL
© 2021 DLIFLC 7
DIVERSITY
EQUITY
INCLUSION
Society
Culture
Politics
Economy
Science
Technology
Environment
Geography
Military
Security
THEORIES/PEDAGOGIES THAT FRAME DISCUSSIONS
ON DIVERSITY IN LANGUAGE EDUCATION
1) Inclusive Pedagogy
2) Culturally Relevant Pedagogy
3) Culturally Responsive Teaching
4) Critical Race & Language Theory
5) Critical Race Pedagogy
6) Culturally Sustaining Pedagogy
7) Raciolinguistics
© 2021 DLIFLC 8
© 2021 DLIFLC 9
Inclusive Pedagogy Black-Hawkins &
Florian
Student-centered approach that engages
intersecting social identities & positionalities
Culturally Relevant Pedagogy Ladson-Billings Three pillars-academic achievement,
cultural competence & sociopolitical
consciousness
Culturally Responsive
Pedagogy
Gay Teachers are reflective about their beliefs &
biases, knowledgeable about other cultures,
& empathetic to the cultural & linguistic
needs of learners as they relate to
academic content
Critical Race & Language
Theory (‘LangCrit’)
Crump Examination of the intersection of race,
racism, & racialization with issues of
language, belonging, & identity
Critical Race Pedagogy Lynn
(Freire & Bell)
Combines Critical Pedagogy & Critical Race
Theory
Culturally Sustaining
Pedagogy
Paris & Alim Use of native/heritage language to positively
impact learner achievement
Raciolinguistics Nelson & Flores Examines the intersection of language and
race
RACIOLINGUISTICS
Five Components
1) The social construction of race &
language hierarchies is rooted in
colonial history
2) Racialized language perception
3) Regimentations of racial &
linguistic categories
4) Racial & linguistic intersections
5) Social change to dismantle white
supremacy
10
© 2021 DLIFLC
CULTURALLY
RELEVANT
PEDAGOGY
Three Components
1) Academic Achievement
(Language Proficiency)
2) Cultural Competence
3) Critical consciousness
11
© 2021 DLIFLC
DLIFLC MISSION
• DLIFLC provides culturally-based foreign language
education, training, evaluation, and degrees for the
Department of Defense globally, to afford a
comprehensive understanding of the joint operational
environment, a competitive edge to our warfighters, and
safeguard the national security of the United States.
© 2021 DLIFLC 12
TECHNOLOGY INTEGRATION VISION STATEMENT
• Our vision is to deliver the world's best culturally-based
foreign language education and training – at the point of
need. Moreover, to promote and ensure learner autonomy,
extend opportunities for language acquisition and support
the DLIFLC learning community in pursuit of higher second
language proficiency.
© 2021 DLIFLC 13
DIVERSIFYING ODA - AFRO-LATINO INCLUSION
Previous ODA Materials New ODA Materials
• Invisibility of Blacks in Spanish history (cul)
• Equatorial Guinea Independence from Spain (soc)
• René Juárez, Afro-Mexican Governor (pol)
• Afro-Colombian Music of Social Protest-BLM (cul)
• Environmental Protection of Ancestral Lands (env)
• Black female war hero in Argentina (mil)
• Afro-descendants in rural Argentina (geo)
• Racialized images in marketing-Blancaflor (soc)
14
STEP 1: TAKE INVENTORY STEP 2: CHANGE STATUS QUO
oda.dliflc.edu
ODA FORMAT
© 2021 DLIFLC 15
Main Proposition Supporting Proposition 1
Supporting Proposition 2
ODA LINGUISTIC ITEMS
16
Lexical Items
Structure Item Discourse Item
DIVERSIFYING CURRICULUM - AFRO-LATINO INCLUSION
Previous Curriculum New Curriculum
• Illegal mining in Afro-Colombian
communities
• Political climate of Equatorial Guinea
• Inequality in healthcare & education for
the indigenous and Afro-Latinos
• Race relations in Argentina, Cuba,
Mexico, Peru, & Spain
• Anti-racism/BLM music in Spain
© 2021 DLIFLC 17
STEP 1: TAKE INVENTORY STEP 2: CHANGE STATUS QUO
DIVERSITY IN IMAGES
© 2021 DLIFLC 18
LESSON ON ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT OF ILLEGAL
MINING IN AFRO-COLOMBIAN COMMUNITIES
© 2021 DLIFLC 19
LISTENING COMPREHENSION ACTIVITY ON
ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT OF ILLEGAL MINING
© 2021 DLIFLC 20
LESSON ON
RACISM IN LATIN
AMERICA
21
© 2021 DLIFLC
Cuba
Argentina
México
VIDEO ON
RACISM IN
ARGENTINA
22
© 2021 DLIFLC
COMPREHENSION ACTIVITIES
23
© 2021 DLIFLC
DIVERSIFYING ONLINE MATERIALS-
AFRO-LATINO INCLUSION
• Is Colombia Moving Towards Racial Integration? (LCL3)
• Excursion Through the Jungles of Equatorial
Guinea (RCL1)
• Black Beach: Equatorial Guinea’s Dreaded Prison
(RCL3)
• Afro-Flamenco Festival (RCL2)
• Equatorial Guinea’s Controversy at the Africa Cup of
Nations (RCL2)
© 2021 DLIFLC 20
STEP 1: TAKE INVENTORY STEP 2: CHANGE STATUS QUO
Previous lessons New Lessons
ONLINE LESSON
GLOBAL LANGUAGE ONLINE SUPPORT SYSTEM
GROUP DISCUSSION
REFLECTIONS ON DIVERSIFYING CURRICULUM & ASSESSMENT
© 2021 DLIFLC 26
SUGGESTIONS FOR DIVERSIFYING WLE MATERIALS
• Take inventory of current materials
• Be intentional about changing status quo
• Use search engine in online periodicals: 1)
racial/ethnic group (Afro), 2) significant
historical event with racial implications (George
Floyd, 500 años de Conquista)
• Dig deeper into the 10 topical domains and
view topics through lens of DEI
• Use photos and videos when possible
• Consider materials for all proficiency levels
• Include topics on social justice issues
• Connect with others on social media
• Incorporating Afro-Latino Culture in Spanish
Classrooms
• PLC Culture & Diversity
• African American Linguists
• ALARI (Afro-Latin American Research Institute)
Harvard University
• Balance stories of struggle, resistance &
contributions to society
• Distribute representation across topical
domains
© 2021 DLIFLC 27
NEW SOURCES IDENTIFIED AFTER TARGETED SEARCH
© 2021 DLIFLC 28
CONCLUDING THOUGHTS
 "Lo que no se nombra, no existe" (Yepez, 2021). (What is not named does not exist.)
 Racial representation in the teaching and learning of world languages matters. We
must be intentional and take steps to promote diversity, equity, and inclusion.
(Anya & Randolph, 2019; Hines-Gaither & Accilien, 2022).
 Language educators must adopt critical perspectives and consciously examine
their own beliefs to not perpetuate stereotypes and untruths or reproduce
inequities in their teaching (Abreu, 2016; Glynn & Wassell, 2018; Hines-Gaither
& Accilien, 2022).
 "To ignore diversity is to reinforce legacies of inequity and exclusion upon which
our educational institutions were built" (Anya & Randolph, 2019).
© 2021 DLIFLC 29
CONCLUDING THOUGHTS
 "We must openly address race and racism in language education policies, instructional
practices, and curriculum.... Language educators and learners cannot leave racial
differences and the social impact of these identities outside the classroom" (Anya &
Randolph, 2019).
 "We should question our assumptions, attitudes, and beliefs that contribute to the
inequitable status quo and adopt perspectives of equity-mindedness and inclusivity,
which are key to making positive change" (Anya & Randolph, 2019).
 The images in instructional materials do matter and influence learners' perception of self
and of the TL peoples and cultures (Anderson, 2022; Glynn & Wassell, 2018; Hines-Gaither
& Accilien, 2022; Whitacker, 2021).
 "Educators need to acknowledge that the majority of our textbooks and curricula have
thrived on racist practices that silenced the voices and omitted the experiences of people of
color and were not written by BIPOC scholars" (Hines-Gaither & Accilien, 2022). [10th
Principle of Antiracism in the WLE]
© 2021 DLIFLC 30
REFERENCES
Abreu, L. (2016). Awareness of racial diversity in the Spanish-speaking world among L2 Spanish speakers. Foreign Language Annals, 49(1), 180-190.
https://doi.org/10.1111/flan.12179
Anderson, R. (2022). The diverse Arabic voices project: Widening the lens for novice learners within an HBCU. The Language Educator, 17(1), 48-51
Anya, U. (2021). Critical race pedagogy for more effective and inclusive world language teaching. Applied Linguistics, 42(6), 1055-
1069. https://doi.org/10.1093/applin/amab068
Anya, U. (2011). Connecting with communities of learners and speakers: Integrative ideals, experiences, and motivations of successful Black second
language learners. Foreign Language Annals, 44(3), 441-466.
Anya, U. & Randolph, L. J. (2019). Diversifying language educators and learners. The Language Educator, Oct/Nov, 23-27.
https://www.actfl.org/sites/default/files/tle/TLE_OctNov19_Article.pdf
Flores, N. & Rosa, J. (2019). Bringing race into second language acquisition. The Modern Language Journal, 103(1), 145-151.
https://doi.org/10.1111/modl.12523
Glynn, C., Hines-Gaither, K., Jenkins, T. (2022). Increasing black
Glynn, C. & Wassell, B. (2018). Who Gets to Play? Issues of access and social justice in world language study in the U.S. Dimension: Journal of the
Southern Conference on Language Teaching, Spring, 18-32. https://rdw.rowan.edu/education_facpub/11/
© 2021 DLIFLC 31
REFERENCES
Hines-Gaither, K., & Accilien, C. (2022). Antiracism in the world language classroom. The Language Educator, 17(1), 18-21.
Masson, M., Sharina, R., Cloutier, A., Treichel, M. (2022). Mobilizing French as second language teachers to disrupt the curriculum in
Canadian classrooms. The Language Educator, 17(1), 32-35.
Rosa, J. & Flores, N. (2021). Unsettling race and language: Toward a raciolinguistic perspective. Language in Society, 46(1), 621-
647. https://doi.org/10.1017/
Yepez, D. (2021, August 9). Ser mujer y negra en Ecuador: Un oso panda sobre los hombros. El pais. https://elpais.com/opinion/2021-08-
09/ser-mujer-y-negra-en-ecuador-un-oso-panda-sobre-los-hombros.html?rel=buscador_noticias
Whitaker, S. (2021, December 21). Critical race theory versus culturally responsive pedagogy. Whitaker Educational
Consulting. https://sonyawhitaker.com/2021/12/critical-race-theory-vs-culturally-responsive-pedagogy/
© 2021 DLIFLC 32

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Racial and Ethnic Inclusion in the Spanish Classroom: Incorporating Afro-Latino Content in Curriculum & Assessment

  • 1. Toward Greater Racial and Ethnic Inclusion in the Spanish Classroom: Incorporating Afro-Latino Content Trina Philpot-Montaño and Sari Chávez Silverman 8/23/21 © 2021 DLIFLC
  • 2. DISCLAIMER • This presentation has been approved for public release by the Defense Language Institute Foreign Language Center’s Public Affairs Office. For verification please e-mail: mpao@dliflc.edu • Contents of this presentation are not necessarily the official views of the Defense Language Institute Foreign Language Center, nor are they endorsed by the Department of the Army, the Department of Defense, or the U.S. Government. • All third-party products / materials featured in the presentation remain the intellectual property of their respective authors / originators. Use of outside materials is done under the fair use copyright principle, for educational purposes only. • The content of this presentation is the sole responsibility of the author(s). © 2021 DLIFLC 1
  • 3. OUTLINE • Description of language learning setting and assessments • Problem and Purpose Statements • Theoretical Frameworks for discussions on “enacting diversity” in world language education (WLE) • Diversifying Spanish Online Diagnostic Assessment (ODA) • Diversifying Spanish Course Materials (textbook/online) • Reflections on enacting diversity in WLE • Suggestions for diversifying WLE materials • Concluding Remarks-Scholarly voices from the field © 2021 DLIFLC 2
  • 4. DLIFLC LANGUAGE LEARNING SETTING • Military careerists (enlisted and officer) • Average age 18–28 • Course length 36–64 weeks • 7 instructional hours & 2 hours homework per day • Basic, Intermediate, & Advanced • Associate's Degree (45 credits) & Bachelor's Degree (+33 credits) • 14 languages taught locally (Categories I, II, III, IV) • 1,700 instructors (98% native) • In-course curriculum & assessments • Institute/DOD-wide assessments • Maximum use of technology • Laptops, Ipads, SmartBoards, LMS • https://www.dliflc.edu/elearning/ © 2021 DLIFLC 3
  • 5. DLIFLC LANGUAGE ASSESSMENTS © 2021 DLIFLC 4 Click to add text OPI Society Culture Politics Economy Science OPI=Oral Proficiency Interview; ICPT = Interim Course Proficiency Test; ODA = Online Diagnostic Assessment Technology Environment Geography Military Security DLPT
  • 6. PROBLEM & PURPOSE OF PRESENTATION • Problem: The existence and contributions of Afro-descendants are frequently invisible, or minimized, in the teaching and learning of Spanish language, culture, and history. © 2021 DLIFLC 5 • Purpose: To increase the representation of Afro-Latinos in Spanish curriculum and assessment materials and to provide learners with a more comprehensive understanding of Spanish-speaking peoples, cultures, and histories.
  • 7. ENACTING DIVERSITY  Diversifying our curriculum  Diversifying our knowledge  Diversifying our networks  Diversifying our outreach 6 © 2021 DLIFLC (Anya & Randolph, 2019)
  • 8. DIGGING DEEPER & BEING INTENTIONAL © 2021 DLIFLC 7 DIVERSITY EQUITY INCLUSION Society Culture Politics Economy Science Technology Environment Geography Military Security
  • 9. THEORIES/PEDAGOGIES THAT FRAME DISCUSSIONS ON DIVERSITY IN LANGUAGE EDUCATION 1) Inclusive Pedagogy 2) Culturally Relevant Pedagogy 3) Culturally Responsive Teaching 4) Critical Race & Language Theory 5) Critical Race Pedagogy 6) Culturally Sustaining Pedagogy 7) Raciolinguistics © 2021 DLIFLC 8
  • 10. © 2021 DLIFLC 9 Inclusive Pedagogy Black-Hawkins & Florian Student-centered approach that engages intersecting social identities & positionalities Culturally Relevant Pedagogy Ladson-Billings Three pillars-academic achievement, cultural competence & sociopolitical consciousness Culturally Responsive Pedagogy Gay Teachers are reflective about their beliefs & biases, knowledgeable about other cultures, & empathetic to the cultural & linguistic needs of learners as they relate to academic content Critical Race & Language Theory (‘LangCrit’) Crump Examination of the intersection of race, racism, & racialization with issues of language, belonging, & identity Critical Race Pedagogy Lynn (Freire & Bell) Combines Critical Pedagogy & Critical Race Theory Culturally Sustaining Pedagogy Paris & Alim Use of native/heritage language to positively impact learner achievement Raciolinguistics Nelson & Flores Examines the intersection of language and race
  • 11. RACIOLINGUISTICS Five Components 1) The social construction of race & language hierarchies is rooted in colonial history 2) Racialized language perception 3) Regimentations of racial & linguistic categories 4) Racial & linguistic intersections 5) Social change to dismantle white supremacy 10 © 2021 DLIFLC
  • 12. CULTURALLY RELEVANT PEDAGOGY Three Components 1) Academic Achievement (Language Proficiency) 2) Cultural Competence 3) Critical consciousness 11 © 2021 DLIFLC
  • 13. DLIFLC MISSION • DLIFLC provides culturally-based foreign language education, training, evaluation, and degrees for the Department of Defense globally, to afford a comprehensive understanding of the joint operational environment, a competitive edge to our warfighters, and safeguard the national security of the United States. © 2021 DLIFLC 12
  • 14. TECHNOLOGY INTEGRATION VISION STATEMENT • Our vision is to deliver the world's best culturally-based foreign language education and training – at the point of need. Moreover, to promote and ensure learner autonomy, extend opportunities for language acquisition and support the DLIFLC learning community in pursuit of higher second language proficiency. © 2021 DLIFLC 13
  • 15. DIVERSIFYING ODA - AFRO-LATINO INCLUSION Previous ODA Materials New ODA Materials • Invisibility of Blacks in Spanish history (cul) • Equatorial Guinea Independence from Spain (soc) • René Juárez, Afro-Mexican Governor (pol) • Afro-Colombian Music of Social Protest-BLM (cul) • Environmental Protection of Ancestral Lands (env) • Black female war hero in Argentina (mil) • Afro-descendants in rural Argentina (geo) • Racialized images in marketing-Blancaflor (soc) 14 STEP 1: TAKE INVENTORY STEP 2: CHANGE STATUS QUO oda.dliflc.edu
  • 16. ODA FORMAT © 2021 DLIFLC 15 Main Proposition Supporting Proposition 1 Supporting Proposition 2
  • 17. ODA LINGUISTIC ITEMS 16 Lexical Items Structure Item Discourse Item
  • 18. DIVERSIFYING CURRICULUM - AFRO-LATINO INCLUSION Previous Curriculum New Curriculum • Illegal mining in Afro-Colombian communities • Political climate of Equatorial Guinea • Inequality in healthcare & education for the indigenous and Afro-Latinos • Race relations in Argentina, Cuba, Mexico, Peru, & Spain • Anti-racism/BLM music in Spain © 2021 DLIFLC 17 STEP 1: TAKE INVENTORY STEP 2: CHANGE STATUS QUO
  • 19. DIVERSITY IN IMAGES © 2021 DLIFLC 18
  • 20. LESSON ON ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT OF ILLEGAL MINING IN AFRO-COLOMBIAN COMMUNITIES © 2021 DLIFLC 19
  • 21. LISTENING COMPREHENSION ACTIVITY ON ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT OF ILLEGAL MINING © 2021 DLIFLC 20
  • 22. LESSON ON RACISM IN LATIN AMERICA 21 © 2021 DLIFLC Cuba Argentina México
  • 25. DIVERSIFYING ONLINE MATERIALS- AFRO-LATINO INCLUSION • Is Colombia Moving Towards Racial Integration? (LCL3) • Excursion Through the Jungles of Equatorial Guinea (RCL1) • Black Beach: Equatorial Guinea’s Dreaded Prison (RCL3) • Afro-Flamenco Festival (RCL2) • Equatorial Guinea’s Controversy at the Africa Cup of Nations (RCL2) © 2021 DLIFLC 20 STEP 1: TAKE INVENTORY STEP 2: CHANGE STATUS QUO Previous lessons New Lessons
  • 26. ONLINE LESSON GLOBAL LANGUAGE ONLINE SUPPORT SYSTEM
  • 27. GROUP DISCUSSION REFLECTIONS ON DIVERSIFYING CURRICULUM & ASSESSMENT © 2021 DLIFLC 26
  • 28. SUGGESTIONS FOR DIVERSIFYING WLE MATERIALS • Take inventory of current materials • Be intentional about changing status quo • Use search engine in online periodicals: 1) racial/ethnic group (Afro), 2) significant historical event with racial implications (George Floyd, 500 años de Conquista) • Dig deeper into the 10 topical domains and view topics through lens of DEI • Use photos and videos when possible • Consider materials for all proficiency levels • Include topics on social justice issues • Connect with others on social media • Incorporating Afro-Latino Culture in Spanish Classrooms • PLC Culture & Diversity • African American Linguists • ALARI (Afro-Latin American Research Institute) Harvard University • Balance stories of struggle, resistance & contributions to society • Distribute representation across topical domains © 2021 DLIFLC 27
  • 29. NEW SOURCES IDENTIFIED AFTER TARGETED SEARCH © 2021 DLIFLC 28
  • 30. CONCLUDING THOUGHTS  "Lo que no se nombra, no existe" (Yepez, 2021). (What is not named does not exist.)  Racial representation in the teaching and learning of world languages matters. We must be intentional and take steps to promote diversity, equity, and inclusion. (Anya & Randolph, 2019; Hines-Gaither & Accilien, 2022).  Language educators must adopt critical perspectives and consciously examine their own beliefs to not perpetuate stereotypes and untruths or reproduce inequities in their teaching (Abreu, 2016; Glynn & Wassell, 2018; Hines-Gaither & Accilien, 2022).  "To ignore diversity is to reinforce legacies of inequity and exclusion upon which our educational institutions were built" (Anya & Randolph, 2019). © 2021 DLIFLC 29
  • 31. CONCLUDING THOUGHTS  "We must openly address race and racism in language education policies, instructional practices, and curriculum.... Language educators and learners cannot leave racial differences and the social impact of these identities outside the classroom" (Anya & Randolph, 2019).  "We should question our assumptions, attitudes, and beliefs that contribute to the inequitable status quo and adopt perspectives of equity-mindedness and inclusivity, which are key to making positive change" (Anya & Randolph, 2019).  The images in instructional materials do matter and influence learners' perception of self and of the TL peoples and cultures (Anderson, 2022; Glynn & Wassell, 2018; Hines-Gaither & Accilien, 2022; Whitacker, 2021).  "Educators need to acknowledge that the majority of our textbooks and curricula have thrived on racist practices that silenced the voices and omitted the experiences of people of color and were not written by BIPOC scholars" (Hines-Gaither & Accilien, 2022). [10th Principle of Antiracism in the WLE] © 2021 DLIFLC 30
  • 32. REFERENCES Abreu, L. (2016). Awareness of racial diversity in the Spanish-speaking world among L2 Spanish speakers. Foreign Language Annals, 49(1), 180-190. https://doi.org/10.1111/flan.12179 Anderson, R. (2022). The diverse Arabic voices project: Widening the lens for novice learners within an HBCU. The Language Educator, 17(1), 48-51 Anya, U. (2021). Critical race pedagogy for more effective and inclusive world language teaching. Applied Linguistics, 42(6), 1055- 1069. https://doi.org/10.1093/applin/amab068 Anya, U. (2011). Connecting with communities of learners and speakers: Integrative ideals, experiences, and motivations of successful Black second language learners. Foreign Language Annals, 44(3), 441-466. Anya, U. & Randolph, L. J. (2019). Diversifying language educators and learners. The Language Educator, Oct/Nov, 23-27. https://www.actfl.org/sites/default/files/tle/TLE_OctNov19_Article.pdf Flores, N. & Rosa, J. (2019). Bringing race into second language acquisition. The Modern Language Journal, 103(1), 145-151. https://doi.org/10.1111/modl.12523 Glynn, C., Hines-Gaither, K., Jenkins, T. (2022). Increasing black Glynn, C. & Wassell, B. (2018). Who Gets to Play? Issues of access and social justice in world language study in the U.S. Dimension: Journal of the Southern Conference on Language Teaching, Spring, 18-32. https://rdw.rowan.edu/education_facpub/11/ © 2021 DLIFLC 31
  • 33. REFERENCES Hines-Gaither, K., & Accilien, C. (2022). Antiracism in the world language classroom. The Language Educator, 17(1), 18-21. Masson, M., Sharina, R., Cloutier, A., Treichel, M. (2022). Mobilizing French as second language teachers to disrupt the curriculum in Canadian classrooms. The Language Educator, 17(1), 32-35. Rosa, J. & Flores, N. (2021). Unsettling race and language: Toward a raciolinguistic perspective. Language in Society, 46(1), 621- 647. https://doi.org/10.1017/ Yepez, D. (2021, August 9). Ser mujer y negra en Ecuador: Un oso panda sobre los hombros. El pais. https://elpais.com/opinion/2021-08- 09/ser-mujer-y-negra-en-ecuador-un-oso-panda-sobre-los-hombros.html?rel=buscador_noticias Whitaker, S. (2021, December 21). Critical race theory versus culturally responsive pedagogy. Whitaker Educational Consulting. https://sonyawhitaker.com/2021/12/critical-race-theory-vs-culturally-responsive-pedagogy/ © 2021 DLIFLC 32

Editor's Notes

  1. Despite a well-design and thoroughly executed plan for curriculum and assessment, there is room to improve in terms of equitable representation of Spanish-speakers and their global communities. 10 FLOs categories does not ensure racial-ethnic inclusivity in materials selection.
  2.  (Rosa & Flores, 2017) Consider adding a hyperlink to a Rosa and/or Flores video. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Fm1CKzdSvhs https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=5oPWMEJjGbk (Mena)
  3. Let audience listen to one passage and see Qs ?? Add screen shots of ODA format.
  4. Add listening file here. Show transcript while playing audio.
  5. This is a reading & grammar activity on the perfect tenses (present and past)--
  6. Trina's reflections/experiences: 1) Had to dig deep into periodicals to find material. Afro topics not on front page and easily found news and listed as related or most viewed articles/media. 2) Majority of Afro topics on the surface may seem to be soc/cultural. Thus, covering FLO topics is challenging. 3) Texts with a geographical focus contribute to understanding racial and ethnic relations. 4) Collaborating with likeminded colleagues makes material selection easier. Sari's reflections/experiences:
  7. Have participants read the bullets.
  8. Have participants read the bullets.
  9. Dion, S. Diversity and inclusion in world language teacher's instructional practices. -- This article does not get at the heart of inclusivity in materials selection nor does it overtly address the racial diversity. It is more of race neutral approach guided by student interests but with no mention of race as a criteria for diversity matters in WLE. I deleted this reference from the list.
  10. Dion, S. Diversity and inclusion in world langauge teacher's instructional practices. -- This article does not get at the heart of inclusivity in materials selection nor does it overtly address the racial diversity. It is more of race neutral approach guided by student interests but with no mention of race as a criteria for diversity matters in WLE. I deleted this reference from the list.