SPM CEFR PAPER 2 - GUIDED WRITING

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PART 2: GUIDED WRITING

2. ● BRAINSTORM IDEAS USING WH-QUESTIONS
● USE THE FORMULA I.B.C
● WRITE AT LEAST 4-5 PARAGRAPHS
● USE THE COHESIVE DEVICES
● USE CORRECT TENSES
● USE BOMBASTIC VOCABULARY & CORRECT
GRAMMAR
TO ANSWER THIS PART, YOU NEED TO:

3. THE I.B.C FORMULA
I INTRODUCTION
You must introduce the topic by using another formula
called QIDS & end your introduction with a thesis
statement (not a must/just an option)
B BODY
You can have TWO to THREE body paragraphs for
the contents.
Each paragraph should have:
A cohesive device, the focus (your idea/point which is
based on the question), the following (explanation), the
examples and the ending [COFFEE]
C CONCLUSION
You can end your topic by restating the thesis
statement and maybe give your own
hope/opinion/stance about the topic.

4. INTRODUCTION:
1. You can start your first sentence using the formula: Q, I, D, S
2. You can always combine two or three of the following:
Q QUESTION
• Have you ever wondered about studying abroad?
• Do you know that there are many advantages of online shopping?
• Do you know what conscience is?
• Are you aware that the cases of obesity have increased day by day?
I IDIOM
• It is important for us to take care of our health. As the saying goes, health is wealth.
• Prevention is better than cure.
• Burning the midnight oil is one of the ways to study for examinations.
D DEFINITION
• Conscience can be defined as a person's moral sense of right and wrong that acts as a guide to one's
behaviour.
• The definition of pastime is an activity that we like doing in our free time.
S STATEMENT
• It is important/vital/crucial/essential/significant/necessary/compulsory for us to take care of our health.
• Hobby is a very important activity everyone must have.
• There are many kinds of holiday destinations in the world but the one I love/like/prefer/go for/opt for the
most is Langkawi Island.
• These days/Nowadays, gangsterism among teenagers has been a growing concern among the society.
• Comparison of past and today’s trend:
People used to write letters to each other as a way of communication in the past.Today, everything is
just at our fingertips. We can always drop someone a line.
Some people are saying that social media is harming our lives. Twenty years ago, people talked to each other,
but now they prefer to message someone instead of talk.
• Being a wise shopper/consumer is important in today’s economy. A wise consumer is a person who
always spends wisely.

5. INTRODUCTION:
After your first sentence using the formula: Q, I, D, S, you can end your introduction with a THESIS STATEMENT.
SAMPLE TOPIC: EXAMPLE OF THESIS STATEMENT:
GANSTERISM
In this essay, I will talk about the preventative measures of gangsterism, the causes/reasons it happens/the contributing
factors and its effects/ repercussions/ consequences/impacts to teenagers.
Studying/Taking into account the repercussions of gangsterism and its causes/contributing factors is important
so that some preventative measures can be taken.
ONILNE SHOPPING
This essay focuses on the advantages and disadvantages of online shopping.
Online shopping has both advantages/pros/benefits and disadvantages/cons/drawbacks/downsides
MY DREAM HOLIDAY
DESTINATION
The focus of this essay is to explain the features of my dream holiday destination.
There are some special features/characteristics of my dream holiday destination.
CONSCIENCE
This essay will enlighten readers about the importance of conscience in our life.
There are some reasons for having conscience in our life.
STUDY TIPS
This essay will discuss the study tips that are beneficial for examinations.
Studying in smaller groups and creating a study schedule/timetable are among the study tips for examinations.
HEALTHY LIFESTYLE
The subject matter of this essay is to study the significance of a healthy lifestyle.
Avoiding serious illnesses/diseases and strengthening family bond/tie/camaraderie are the reasons for practicing a
healthy lifestyle.
STOP SMOKING!
There are many/a lot of/plethora of/myriads of harmful effects of smoking to our health with lung cancer being one of
those.
Lung cancer is one of the harmful/hazardous effects/repercussions/consequences/impacts of smoking.

6. THE EXAMPLE OF A COMPLETE INTRODUCTION AFTER USING
THE Q.I.D.S + THESIS STATEMENT:
TOPIC SAMPLE INTRODUCTION
KEEPING A PET
Have you ever wondered about having a pet? There are many kinds of pets in the world but the one I
like the most is a cat. This essay will enlighten readers about the ways to keep a pet.
EXERCISING
It is important for us to take care of our health. As the saying goes, health is wealth. The subject
matter of this essay is to know the importance of exercising in our life.
HOBBY
Hobby can be defined as an activity that we like doing in our free time. It is a very important activity
everyone must have in order to enrich our lives. In this essay, I will talk about the benefits of a hobby.
HOUSEHOLD CHORES
Have you ever lent a hand when it comes to doing the household chores? Household chores can be
defined as any tasks you have to do at home every day or every week to keep your house looking nice
and clean. This essay will enlighten readers on the reasons of doing house chores and ways to urge
teenagers to lift a finger at home.
ONILNE SHOPPING
In the past/In the old days, people only shopped at the physical stores as online shopping platforms
were far from the picture. Now, online shopping has ironically become a trend. This essay focuses on
the advantages and disadvantages of online shopping.
HOW TO EXCEL IN
EXAMINATIONS
Examinations are an important part of every student’s life. Some students do it well, while others find
it challenging. How can we excel in examinations? This essay will explain the ways to excel in
examinations with flying colours.

7. THE EXAMPLE OF A COMPLETE INTRODUCTION AFTER USING
THE Q.I.D.S + THESIS STATEMENT:
TOPIC SAMPLE INTRODUCTION
STOP SMOKING!
Smoking is prevalent among teenagers nowadays. Apart from the conventional cigarettes, young people
today are also attracted to e-cigarettes, or more commonly known as vaping. There are myriads of harmful
effects to our health.
ONLINE GAMES
Have you ever been addicted to any games online? Online games are definitely entertaining. There are
many types of online games that cater to different interests such as role-playing games, multiple player
games, strategy games and so much more. Despite the fun part, it also has some drawbacks.
MY DREAM HOLIDAY
DESTINATION
I have always anticipated to unwind with my beloved family doing activities we love the most, together.
One of the ways to execute/accomplish my wish is to visit my dream holiday destination which is Sabah.
COCURRICULAR
ACTIVITIES
Participating in cocurricular activities has always been an advantage for students in order to enhance the
school experience. Nowadays, there are many types of activities offered that can benefit students in so
many ways.
OBESITY
Are you aware that the number of people getting obese in Malaysia is on the rise? Obesity has become a
growing concern especially among young people/youth/youngsters. There are many dangerous
diseases/illnesses associated with obesity. Or There are many hazardous
effects/repercussions/consequences/impacts that can jeopardize our health.
TEAM SPORTS
A team sport involves a group of more than two people. No one can play sports alone. Both teams need to
have an equal number of players and play together with the same objective.

8. BODY PARAGRAPH(S):
Use the formula: COFFEE (You do not necessarily need to use ALL of the
elements. You might want to stop at COFF or COFFE depending on the question. )
C
O
THE
COHESIVE
DEVICES
The first reason is/The most significant way is/The most essential benefit is/
First and foremost, First of all, To begin with, To start with,
Moreover, Furthermore, In addition, Additionally, Apart from that, On top of that,
Besides that,
Pertaining to the…, Regarding the …, In relation to the…, In terms of the …, As for the
…, About the … When it comes to
F THE
FOCUS
Continue after the cohesive devices.
Example: Studying abroad is a huge financial burden for many families. (the focus-
also known as topic sentence-your main idea)
F THE
FOLLOWING
Continue after the focus.
Example: The cost of living and tuition fees are expensive. (the following sentence-
also known as explanation or elaboration of your focus/topic sentence)
E THE
EXAMPLES
Continue after the following.
Example: For instance/For example/To illustrate, the medical course in a foreign
university costs higher than the same programme in a local university.
E THE
END
Continue after the examples (it can be your own opinion)
Example: As a result, we might have to live on a limited budget which could affect our
studies and lifestyle. (Known as concluding sentence too)

9. THE EXAMPLE OF A COMPLETE BODY PARAGRAPH AFTER USING
THE COFFEE FORMULA:
TOPIC SAMPLE BODY PARAGRAPH
HOUSEHOLD CHORES
Question: Why is doing
house chores important?
The most important reason for doing house chores is, we can lessen
the burden put on our mothers or sisters. Back in those days, women were often
subjected to managing the household chores while men were the sole bread
winner of the family. To me, this culture is long gone. Now, everyone has a role
to play regardless of your gender.
STUDYING ABROAD
Question: What are the
benefits?
The first essential advantage of studying overseas is, it widens our
learning opportunities. There are many well-known colleges and universities
with excellent lecturers and researchers as well as exquisite teaching methods
outside Malaysia. Studying at any one of these institutions would definitely be
an eye-opener for many of us.
STUDYING ABROAD
Qyestion: What are the
disadvantages/drawbacks?
Despite the benefit it offers, studying abroad also has some drawbacks.
One of those is, it is a huge financial burden for many families. The cost of
living and tuition fees are expensive. For instance, the medical course in a
foreign university costs higher than the same programme in a local university.
As a result, we might have to live on a limited budget which could affect our
studies and lifestyle.

10. ADJECTIVES VERBS
WIDE
WIDEN
Reading can widen our knowledge
EASY
EASE
The timetable eases me to manage my time.
LESS
LESSEN
My friend lessens my burden.
DANGEROUS
ENDANGER
Smoking endangers our health.
STRONG
STRENGTHEN
Family Day can strengthen the
camaraderie/relationship/bond.
BEAUTFUL
BEAUTIFY
We need to work together to beautify the school
compound.
QUICK
QUICKEN
I quickened my steps as I saw a silhouette
approaching.

11. CONCLUSION:
You have to end your topic by giving your own hope/opinion/stance [H.O.S]
about the topic.
CO
COHESIVE
DEVICES
All in all/Above all/In a nutshell/In conclusion/To sum up/To
conclude
*Do not use “as a conclusion” which is wrong.
H
O
S
HOPE
OPINION
STANCE
I hope we can spend time completing the chores as much as we
spend time playing games or doing other pastime activities.
With the steps mentioned above, it is hoped that we can all be wise
consumers who always spend within our means/budgets.
To me/In my point of view/In my opinion, no one is excluded from
doing the house chores.
I agree/recommend/suggest that everyone should help out at home.
Everyone has to join forces in order to ensure the house is always
kept clean and comfortable for a harmonious family.

12. THE EXAMPLE OF A COMPLETE CONCLUSION:
TOPIC SAMPLE CONCLUSION
HOUSEHOLD
CHORES
In a nutshell, doing household chores has become
common among all walks of life. Everyone has to join forces in
order to ensure the house is always kept clean and
comfortable for a harmonious family.
HOW TO EXCEL
IN
EXAMINATIONS
In conclusion, I hope the guidelines can benefit us and help us
excel in our small tests as well as important examinations.
COHESIVE DEVICES
FOR CONCLUSION
In a nutshell/ In conclusion/ To sum up/ To conclude/
All in all/ Above all

13. The
formulas in
Part 2
I.B.C CO.F.F.E.E
H.O.S
Q.I.D.S

14. Introduction
Q.I.D.S & Thesis
statement
Body 2
CO.F.F.E.E
Conclusion
H.O.S
Body 1
CO.F.F.E.E
Body 3
CO.F.F.E.E
The structure (The I.B.C)

15. Introduction
Q.I.D.S & Thesis
statement
Body
CO.F.F.E.E
CO.F.F.E.E
CO.F.F.E.E
Conclusion
H.O.S
The structure (The I.B.C)

16. Introduction
Q.I.D.S & Thesis
statement
Body 2
CO.F.F.E.E
Conclusion
H.O.S
Body 1
CO.F.F.E.E
CO.F.F.E.E
The structure (The I.B.C)

17. Helpful
words
Jeopardize/hamper/
deter/harm/endanger
Impose/Implement/
enforce stricter rules
Monitor/administer/
observe/supervise
Instil/inculcate/
Promote
Hence/Therefore/
Thus
Effects/Impacts/
Repercussions/
Consequences
Curb/Solve/Prevent
Many/Numerous/Plethora
of/Myriads of/Countless/

18.  A GROUP OF 4-5
 ONE QUESTION/ONE TOPIC
 DRAFT
 WRITE
 PRESENT
 DISCUSS
LET’S PRACTICE!

19. TRIAL SELANGOR

20. TRIAL SARAWAK (KUCHING)

21. TRIAL PAHANG

22. TRIAL PENANG (SET 1)

23. TRIAL SARAWAK (DALAT)

24. TRIAL PUTRAJAYA

25. TRIAL SABAH (PENAMPANG)

26. TRIAL SABAH (LIKAS)

27. TRIAL PERAK (IPOH)

28. TRIAL PERLIS

29. TRIAL MALACCA

30. TRIAL MRSM

31. TRIAL NEGERI SEMBILAN

32. TRIAL KL

33. TRIAL KELANTAN

34. TRIAL JOHOR (TANGKAK)

35. TRIAL JOHOR (PASIR GUDANG)

36. SPM 2021 & POSSIBLE QUESTIONS
AN ACT OF KINDNESS
POSSIBLE QUESTIONS:
• CONSCIENCE
• SELF-ESTEEM (HOW YOU VALUE YOURSELF)
• SELF-CONFIDENCE
• CHALLENGES AS A STUDENT
• PEER INFLUENCE IN STUDENTS’ LIFE
• FAMILY TIES
• VOLUNTEERING WORK- ORPHANS VS ORPHANAGE, OLD FOLKS’ HOME VS
THE ELDERLY/THE SENIOR CITIZENS
• GETAWAY/HOLIDAY/EXCURSION
• HOBBY/PASTIME
• FUTURE LEADERS
• ONLINE X – SHOPPING/GAMES/E-WALLETS/E-BOOKS/GADGETS
• APPRECIATION OF SOMETHING/SOMEONE

37. What You Can Still Do:
Part 1-
Write at least another 3 emails using the GREAT!
Formula.
Part 2-
Study the sample essays on certain topics especially
those in your textbook. Remember the IBC Formula.
Try writing a sample essay based on a chosen topic.
Part 3:
Study at least 2 types of essays of your choice.
Rewrite the useful expressions as to memorize
them. Remember the structures as well.
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