Production technology

1. Production technology of Fruits and
plantation Crops
Topic : Role of Abscisic Acid in Fruit Crops
Submitted to : Dr. Prashant kalal
Submitted by : U. Arif
Reg. No : 200804130158

2. Role of Abscisic Acid in
Fruit Crops
Abscisic Acid (ABA) is a key plant hormone involved in fruit crops that
plays an important role in the development and quality of fruits.

3. What is ABA?
1 Definition
ABA is a naturally occurring
plant growth regulator that
regulates many aspects of
plant growth and
development, including fruit
ripening and maturation.
2 Significance
ABA plays a significant role
in various physiological
processes, such as seed
dormancy, water stress
response, and abiotic
stress tolerance.
3 Types of ABA
ABA is found in both free and bound forms, but free ABA is the
active form that regulates many aspects of plant development and
growth.

4. Functions of ABA in Fruit Crops
1 Fruit Development
ABA plays a key role in the regulation
of fruit growth, including cell division,
cell elongation, and fruit ripening.
2
Quality Control
ABA helps to maintain the quality and
shelf life of fruits by regulating the
production of sugars and pigments and
reducing water loss.
3 Stress Response
ABA aids in the response of fruit crops
to environmental stressors, such as
drought, cold, and salinity.

5. Effects of ABA on Fruit Development and
Quality
Increase in Fruit Size
ABA promotes cell division and
cell elongation, leading to an
increase in fruit size.
Enhancement of Sugar
Content
ABA induces the accumulation
of sugars and improves the
quality of fruits.
Regulation of Ripening
ABA regulates the ripening
process ensuring uniform and
coordinated ripening.

6. Mechanism of ABA Synthesis and
Metabolism in Fruit Crops
Synthesis Metabolism
Location Cytosol of chloroplasts and
vascular tissues
Mostly in leaves and fruits,
as it gets oxidised to phaseic
acid
Process Through a multi-step
pathway, through carotenoid
biosynthesis
By hydroxylation,
conjugation, and hydrolysis
Regulation ABA is produced in response
to stress signals like drought
and salt stress
ABA levels regulated by
oxidation, conjugation and
catabolism influenced by
environmental factors

7. Factors Affecting ABA Levels in Fruits
Inputs
Stress signals (drought,
salinity, cold), light,
temperature, and seasonal
variation can affect ABA
levels
Outputs
Fruit exogenous ABA
application, genetic
manipulation at various
levels of ABA metabolism,
hormonal cross-talk, and
changes in the
environment can alter ABA
levels
Outcomes
Alterations in the level of
ABA may result in altered
fruit size, quality, and
ripening characteristics
which directly converge on
commercial fruit value.

8. Applications of ABA in Fruit Production
1 Postharvest Storage
ABA application reduces fruit decay
and softening, and maintains external
color during storage
2
Yield Increase
External ABA treatment/handling
increase fruit yield, quality, coloration
and overall commercial value 3 Quality Boosting
ABA suppresses the negative effects of
abiotic stress on growing fruit,
improving their quality.

9. Future Prospects and Research Avenues
in ABA Studies in Fruit Crops
New Perspectives
Use of plant metabolomics and
genomics to enhance ABA
production and understand its
functions and an increasing
focus on the possible
synergistic roles of various
stress hormones
New Technologies
Biotechnology for the
development of crops in which
postharvest treatments may
remain unnecessary.
New Practices
Greenhouse cultivation,
precision agriculture and
changes in harvesting
techniques may influence ABA
production in crops.