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Anticipatory grief is the emotional experience when there is an impending loss that will occur. Often, people associate loss and grief with death, this is just one area in which grief and loss can occur. Anticipatory grief is often a slower grieving process marked by intermittent, small or large losses. In the world of cancer, anticipatory grief may show up in a variety of ways, such as before a major surgery, losing hair from chemotherapy treatment or caring for a loved one with advanced cancer. Learn about anticipatory grief and ways to cope with it. We will also explore methods to heal from this challenging experience.

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These are simplified slides discussing the regulation of cardiac output and venous return. Learning objectives: 1. Comprehend the determinants of cardiac output and factors affecting cardiac output 2. Comprehend the factors affecting stroke volume and heart rate and total peripheral resistance 3. Identify the factors regulating venous return 4. Discuss the causes of high and low output cardiac failure 5. Enlist the functions of veins and recognise the significance of venous reservoirs Study Resources: 1. Chapter 20, Guyton and Hall Textbook of Medical Physiology, 14th edition 2. Chapter 30 and 32, Ganong’s Review of Medical Physiology, 26th edition 3. Chapter 10, Human Physiology by Lauralee Sherwood, 9th edition 4. Physiology, Cardiac Output - StatPearls https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK470455/

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A cancer diagnosis is stressful. Feelings of worry, fear, self-doubt, sadness, and loneliness are normal but can feel exhausting and consuming at times. Cultivating a habit of thought-watching and learning to recognize thought traps that might be contributing to our discomfort can help us respond and care for ourselves in helpful ways. Learn more about the connection between what we think and how we feel and what you can do about it that might impact how you feel today. Let’s talk about it.

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Dr. Faiza delivers an insightful lecture on the distinguishing characteristics of skeletal, smooth, and cardiac muscles, offering a comprehensive understanding of their histology, physiological anatomy, electrophysiological properties, and contractile mechanisms. Through meticulous tabulation and comparison, she aims to equip learners with a detailed comprehension of the unique features and functionalities of each muscle type. Beginning with a detailed exploration of histological differences, Dr. Faiza outlines key distinctions such as multinucleation in skeletal muscle, mononucleation in smooth and cardiac muscles, and the presence of striations in skeletal and cardiac muscles. She meticulously elucidates the structural arrangement of each muscle type, highlighting their cellular morphology and organization within tissues. Transitioning to physiological anatomy, Dr. Faiza navigates through various aspects including innervation, level of control, initiation of contraction, and modification by hormones. By delineating the role of the somatic nervous system in skeletal muscle control, and contrasting it with the autonomic nervous system's influence on smooth and cardiac muscles, she offers a nuanced understanding of neural regulation in muscle physiology. Furthermore, Dr. Faiza delves into electrophysiological properties, elucidating the mechanisms underlying action potential generation, duration, and ionic basis in each muscle type. Through insightful analysis, she reveals how differences in action potential characteristics contribute to variations in muscle contraction speed, duration, and resistance to fatigue. Finally, Dr. Faiza meticulously examines the contractile mechanisms of skeletal, smooth, and cardiac muscles, shedding light on the sliding filament theory, mechanisms of calcium action, and speed of contraction. By comprehensively comparing these mechanisms, she provides learners with a deep understanding of the intricate processes governing muscle contraction and function. Through engaging presentation and meticulous analysis, Dr. Faiza's lecture serves as a valuable resource for students seeking a thorough understanding of the fundamental differences between skeletal, smooth, and cardiac muscles.

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In this comprehensive lecture, Dr. Faiza delves deep into the physiologic anatomy of the heart and the intricate properties of cardiac muscles. Beginning with a thorough exploration of the circulatory system, she meticulously elucidates the physiological arrangement of the right and left hearts, providing a detailed overview of systemic circulation's parallel arrangement. Through meticulous explanation, she traces the intricate path of blood flow, providing insightful comparisons of pressures across various components of the heart and circulatory tree, offering a holistic understanding of cardiovascular dynamics. Transitioning seamlessly, Dr. Faiza meticulously dissects the functional anatomy and mechanics of the atrioventricular and semilunar valves, essential components for maintaining the precise unidirectional flow of blood within the heart. By delving into their structure and function, she illuminates their pivotal role in cardiac physiology, elucidating their mechanisms to prevent backflow and ensure efficient circulation. Furthermore, Dr. Faiza embarks on a detailed exploration of the properties of cardiac muscles, providing a comprehensive understanding of their histological composition, syncytial arrangement, and action potential characteristics. Through detailed analysis, she sheds light on the factors influencing contractility, including sympathetic stimulation, hormonal regulation, and alterations in extracellular and intracellular ion concentrations. Throughout the lecture, Dr. Faiza employs illustrative diagrams and engaging explanations to facilitate understanding, ensuring students grasp the intricate nuances of cardiac physiology. By elucidating the fundamental concepts underlying heart anatomy and cardiac muscle properties, she equips learners with the foundational knowledge necessary for a comprehensive understanding of cardiovascular function and pathology.

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In this lecture on circulatory shock, Dr. Faiza, an Assistant Professor of Physiology, delves into the profound implications of inadequate blood flow throughout the body, leading to tissue damage. The session begins by defining circulatory shock and elucidating its physiological causes, including decreased cardiac output, diminished blood volume, decreased vascular tone, obstruction to blood flow, excess metabolic rate, and abnormal perfusion patterns. Dr. Faiza categorizes shock into various types, such as cardiogenic shock, hypovolemic shock, neurogenic shock, obstructive shock, anaphylactic shock, and septic shock, and explores the pathophysiological basis of each. Furthermore, the lecture examines the stages of shock, from the non-progressive phase where compensatory mechanisms aim for full recovery to the progressive phase where shock worsens steadily without intervention, potentially leading to irreversible damage. Dr. Faiza discusses therapeutic interventions for shock, including replacement therapy, blood and plasma transfusion, sympathomimetic drugs, and other adjunctive treatments like head-down positioning, oxygen therapy, and glucocorticoids.

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